《何博士备论》吴论拼音版-注音版本（宋朝·何去非）

古(gǔ )之(zhī )豪(háo )杰(jié )，有(yǒu )功(gōng )业(yè )之(zhī )大(dà )志(zhì )，其(qí )才(cái )力(lì )虽(suī )足(zú )有(yǒu )以(yǐ )取(qǔ )济(jì )，而(ér )无(wú )谋(móu )夫(fū )策(cè )士(shì )合(hé )奇(qí )集(jí )智(zhì )以(yǐ )更(gèng )转(zhuǎn )其(qí )不(bú )迨(dài )，使(shǐ )无(wú )失(shī )乎(hū )事(shì )机(jī )之(zhī )会(huì )，则(zé )往(wǎng )往(wǎng )功(gōng )败(bài )业(yè )去(qù )而(ér )为(wéi )徒(tú )发(fā )者(zhě )皆(jiē )是(shì )也(yě )。

昔(xī )东(dōng )汉(hàn )董(dǒng )卓(zhuó )之(zhī )变(biàn )，豪(háo )杰(jié )相(xiàng )视(shì )而(ér )起(qǐ )于(yú )中(zhōng )州(zhōu )者(zhě )，若(ruò )袁(yuán )、曹(cáo )、刘(liú )、吕(lǚ )，皆(jiē )负(fù )其(qí )奸(jiān )豪(háo )之(zhī )资(zī )，求(qiú )因(yīn )时(shí )乘(chéng )变(biàn )以(yǐ )济(jì )所(suǒ )欲(yù )。特(tè )孙(sūn )坚(jiān )激(jī )于(yú )忠(zhōng )勇(yǒng )，投(tóu )袂(mèi )特(tè )起(qǐ )于(yú )区(qū )区(qū )之(zhī )下(xià )郡(jùn )，奋(fèn )以(yǐ )诛(zhū )卓(zhuó )，虽(suī )卓(zhuó )亦(yì )独(dú )惮(dàn )而(ér )避(bì )之(zhī )。惜(xī )乎(hū )！三(sān )失(shī )大(dà )机(jī )而(ér )功(gōng )业(yè )不(bú )就(jiù )，卒(zú )以(yǐ )轻(qīng )敌(dí )遂(suí )殒(yǔn )其(qí )身(shēn )，由(yóu )无(wú )谋(móu )夫(fū )策(cè )士(shì )以(yǐ )发(fā )其(qí )智(zhì )虑(lǜ )之(zhī )所(suǒ )不(bú )及(jí )故(gù )也(yě )。

始(shǐ )坚(jiān )以(yǐ )义(yì )从(cóng )之(zhī )士(shì )起(qǐ )于(yú )长(zhǎng )沙(shā )，北(běi )至(zhì )南(nán )阳(yáng )，众(zhòng )已(yǐ )数(shù )万(wàn )。南(nán )阳(yáng )太(tài )守(shǒu )不(bú )时(shí )调(diào )给(gěi )，坚(jiān )责(zé )以(yǐ )稽(jī )停(tíng )义(yì )师(shī )，按(àn )军(jūn )律(lǜ )而(ér )诛(zhū )之(zhī )，人(rén )大(dà )震(zhèn )服(fú )。南(nán )阳(yáng )民(mín )籍(jí )且(qiě )数(shù )百(bǎi )万(wàn )，兵(bīng )强(qiáng )食(shí )阜(fù )，而(ér )坚(jiān )不(bú )遂(suí )据(jù )之(zhī )以(yǐ )治(zhì )军(jūn )整(zhěng )卒(zú )，命(mìng )一(yī )偏(piān )将(jiāng )西(xī )趋(qū )武(wǔ )关(guān )以(yǐ )震(zhèn )三(sān )辅(fǔ )，身(shēn )扼(è )成(chéng )皋(gāo )而(ér )定(dìng )巩(gǒng )、洛(luò )，迎(yíng )天(tiān )子(zǐ )而(ér )奉(fèng )之(zhī )，仗(zhàng )顺(shùn )讨(tǎo )逆(nì )，以(yǐ )济(jì )其(qí )志(zhì )，乃(nǎi )反(fǎn )弃(qì )去(qù )。而(ér )袁(yuán )术(shù )得(dé )以(yǐ )起(qǐ )而(ér )收(shōu )于(yú )羁(jī )旅(lǚ )之(zhī )中(zhōng )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )己(jǐ )资(zī )，遂(suí )以(yǐ )骄(jiāo )肆(sì )。此(cǐ )坚(jiān )之(zhī )一(yī )失(shī )也(yě )。

夫(fū )董(dǒng )卓(zhuó )之(zhī )强(qiáng )，天(tiān )下(xià )畏(wèi )之(zhī )。袁(yuán )绍(shào )、曹(cáo )公(gōng )相(xiàng )与(yǔ )歃(shà )血(xuè )而(ér )起(qǐ )者(zhě )凡(fán )十(shí )一(yī )将(jiāng )，皆(jiē )拥(yōng )据(jù )州(zhōu )郡(jùn )，众(zhòng )合(hé )数(shù )万(wàn )，然(rán )无(wú )敢(gǎn )先(xiān )发(fā )以(yǐ )向(xiàng )卓(zhuó )者(zhě )，独(dú )曹(cáo )公(gōng )与(yǔ )其(qí )偏(piān )将(jiāng )遇(yù )，遂(suí )以(yǐ )败(bài )北(běi )。而(ér )坚(jiān )独(dú )以(yǐ )其(qí )兵(bīng )趋(qū )之(zhī )，合(hé )战(zhàn )阳(yáng )人(rén )，大(dà )破(pò )其(qí )军(jūn )，集(jí )其(qí )锐(ruì )将(jiāng )。卓(zhuó )深(shēn )震(zhèn )惮(dàn )，乃(nǎi )遣(qiǎn )腹(fù )心(xīn )诣(yì )坚(jiān )和(hé )亲(qīn )，咸(xián )令(lìng )疏(shū )其(qí )子(zǐ )弟(dì )胜(shèng )刺(cì )史(shǐ )郡(jùn )守(shǒu )者(zhě )，悉(xī )表(biǎo )用(yòng )之(zhī )。向(xiàng )使(shǐ )坚(jiān )阳(yáng )合(hé )而(ér )阴(yīn )伺(sì )之(zhī )，差(chà )其(qí )宗(zōng )亲(qīn )苟(gǒu )胜(shèng )军(jūn )事(shì )者(zhě )皆(jiē )列(liè )疏(shū )与(yǔ )焉(yān )，使(shǐ )得(dé )各(gè )据(jù )土(tǔ )握(wò )兵(bīng )以(yǐ )大(dà )其(qí )势(shì )，徐(xú )四(sì )起(qǐ )以(yǐ )蹙(cù )之(zhī )，则(zé )其(qí )取(qǔ )卓(zhuó )易(yì )于(yú )反(fǎn )掌(zhǎng )。不(bú )知(zhī )出(chū )此(cǐ )，乃(nǎi )怒(nù )辱(rǔ )其(qí )使(shǐ )，誓(shì )必(bì )诛(zhū )卓(zhuó )，使(shǐ )之(zhī )愤(fèn )惧(jù )，遂(suí )残(cán )污(wū )洛(luò )阳(yáng )，劫(jié )持(chí )天(tiān )子(zǐ )，西(xī )引(yǐn )入(rù )关(guān )以(yǐ )避(bì )其(qí )锋(fēng )而(ér )穷(qióng )其(qí )毒(dú )。此(cǐ )坚(jiān )之(zhī )二(èr )失(shī )也(yě )。

夫(fū )兵(bīng )以(yǐ )义(yì )动(dòng )者(zhě )，其(qí )势(shì )足(zú )以(yǐ )特(tè )立(lì )，则(zé )何(hé )至(zhì )于(yú )附(fù )人(rén )？苟(gǒu )唯(wéi )不(bú )能(néng )而(ér )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )附(fù )，必(bì )其(qí )德(dé )义(yì )足(zú )以(yǐ )为(wéi )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )所(suǒ )归(guī )往(wǎng )者(zhě )，然(rán )后(hòu )从(cóng )之(zhī )。袁(yuán )术(shù )徒(tú )膺(yīng )藉(jiè )世(shì )资(zī )以(yǐ )役(yì )天(tiān )下(xià )，其(qí )骄(jiāo )豪(háo )不(bú )武(wǔ )，非(fēi )托(tuō )身(shēn )之(zhī )主(zhǔ )也(yě )。坚(jiān )已(yǐ )驱(qū )卓(zhuó )而(ér )收(shōu )复(fù )雒(luò )阳(yáng )之(zhī )残(cán )坏(huài )，不(bú )能(néng )阻(zǔ )山(shān )河(hé )之(zhī )固(gù )，因(yīn )形(xíng )势(shì )之(zhī )便(biàn )，以(yǐ )观(guān )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )变(biàn )。乃(nǎi )还(hái )军(jūn )鲁(lǔ )阳(yáng )听(tīng )役(yì )于(yú )术(shù )，为(wéi )之(zhī )崎(qí )岖(qū )转(zhuǎn )战(zhàn )以(yǐ )搏(bó )黄(huáng )祖(zǔ )，卒(zú )殒(yǔn )其(qí )身(shēn )于(yú )襄(xiāng )、汉(hàn )之(zhī )间(jiān )，无(wú )异(yì )士(shì )伍(wǔ )。此(cǐ )坚(jiān )之(zhī )三(sān )失(shī )也(yě )。夫(fū )一(yī )举(jǔ )事(shì )而(ér )三(sān )失(shī )随(suí )之(zhī )，则(zé )其(qí )功(gōng )业(yè )违(wéi )矣(yǐ )。

孙(sūn )策(cè )壮(zhuàng )武(wǔ )，术(shù )略(luè )过(guò )于(yú )其(qí )父(fù )，又(yòu )有(yǒu )周(zhōu )瑜(yú )、鲁(lǔ )肃(sù )之(zhī )俦(chóu )以(yǐ )辅(fǔ )其(qí )起(qǐ )。惜(xī )乎(hū )，坚(jiān )之(zhī )不(bú )善(shàn )基(jī )也(yě )，使(shǐ )其(qí )不(bú )得(dé )奋(fèn )于(yú )中(zhōng )原(yuán )以(yǐ )竟(jìng )天(tiān )下(xià )。然(rán )策(cè )一(yī )举(jǔ )而(ér )遂(suí )收(shōu )江(jiāng )东(dōng )，为(wéi )鼎(dǐng )足(zú )之(zhī )资(zī )，使(shǐ )之(zhī )不(bú )死(sǐ )，当(dāng )为(wéi )魏(wèi )之(zhī )大(dà )患(huàn )。策(cè )之(zhī )不(bú )得(dé )起(qǐ )于(yú )中(zhōng )原(yuán )，非(fēi )其(qí )智(zhì )力(lì )之(zhī )不(bú )逮(dǎi )，盖(gài )袁(yuán )绍(shào )已(yǐ )据(jù )河(hé )北(běi )，曹(cáo )公(gōng )已(yǐ )收(shōu )河(hé )南(nán )，独(dú )无(wú )隙(xì )以(yǐ )投(tóu )之(zhī )故(gù )也(yě )。以(yǐ )刘(liú )备(bèi )之(zhī )间(jiān )关(guān )转(zhuǎn )战(zhàn )，至(zhì )于(yú )白(bái )首(shǒu )，不(bú )获(huò )中(zhōng )州(zhōu )一(yī )块(kuài )之(zhī )壤(rǎng )以(yǐ )寓(yù )其(qí )足(zú )。而(ér )策(cè )乃(nǎi )能(néng )以(yǐ )敝(bì )兵(bīng )千(qiān )余(yú )渡(dù )江(jiāng )转(zhuǎn )斗(dòu )，不(bú )数(shù )岁(suì )而(ér )席(xí )卷(juàn )江(jiāng )东(dōng )，此(cǐ )其(qí )过(guò )备(bèi )远(yuǎn )矣(yǐ )。权(quán )之(zhī )勇(yǒng )决(jué )进(jìn )取(qǔ )，无(wú )以(yǐ )逮(dǎi )其(qí )父(fù )兄(xiōng )，然(rán )审(shěn )机(jī )察(chá )变(biàn )，持(chí )保(bǎo )江(jiāng )东(dōng )，于(yú )权(quán )有(yǒu )焉(yān )。

夫(fū )三(sān )国(guó )之(zhī )形(xíng )，虽(suī )号(hào )鼎(dǐng )足(zú )，而(ér )其(qí )雌(cí )雄(xióng )、强(qiáng )弱(ruò )固(gù )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )在(zài )：魏(wèi )虽(suī )不(bú )能(néng )遂(suí )并(bìng )天(tiān )下(xià )，盖(gài )不(bú )失(shī )其(qí )为(wéi )雄(xióng )强(qiáng )；吴(wú )、蜀(shǔ )虽(suī )能(néng )各(gè )据(jù )其(qí )国(guó )，然(rán )不(bú )免(miǎn )为(wéi )雌(cí )弱(ruò )。权(quán )惟(wéi )能(néng )知(zhī )乎(hū )此(cǐ )，是(shì )以(yǐ )内(nèi )加(jiā )抚(fǔ )循(xún )，而(ér )外(wài )加(jiā )备(bèi )御(yù )而(ér )已(yǐ )。时(shí )有(yǒu )出(chū )师(shī )动(dòng )众(zhòng )，以(yǐ )示(shì )武(wǔ )警(jǐng )敌(dí )者(zhě )，北(běi )不(bú )逾(yú )合(hé )淝(féi )，而(ér )西(xī )不(bú )过(guò )襄(xiāng )阳(yáng )，未(wèi )尝(cháng )大(dà )举(jǔ )轻(qīng )发(fā )，以(yǐ )求(qiú )侥(yáo )幸(xìng )于(yú )魏(wèi )。而(ér )魏(wèi )人(rén )之(zhī )加(jiā )于(yú )我(wǒ )，亦(yì )尝(cháng )有(yǒu )以(yǐ )拒(jù )之(zhī )，未(wèi )尝(cháng )困(kùn )折(shé )，是(shì )以(yǐ )终(zhōng )权(quán )之(zhī )世(shì )而(ér )江(jiāng )东(dōng )安(ān )。由(yóu )是(shì )观(guān )之(zhī )，则(zé )权(quán )之(zhī )为(wéi )谋(móu )，审(shěn )于(yú )诸(zhū )葛(gě )武(wǔ )侯(hóu )之(zhī )用(yòng )蜀(shǔ )矣(yǐ )。

阅读：17102

免费个人与家庭在线简易记帐本>>>

《吴论》简体版