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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：sài wēng shī mǎ

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：塞(sāi )：边(biān )界(jiè )险(xiǎn )要(yào )之(zhī )处(chù )；翁(wēng )：老(lǎo )头(tóu )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )一(yī )时(shí )虽(suī )然(rán )受(shòu )到(dào )损(sǔn )失(shī )，也(yě )许(xǔ )反(fǎn )而(ér )因(yīn )此(cǐ )能(néng )得(dé )到(dào )好(hǎo )处(chù )。也(yě )指(zhǐ )坏(huài )事(shì )在(zài )一(yī )定(dìng )条(tiáo )件(jiàn )下(xià )可(kě )变(biàn )为(wéi )好(hǎo )事(shì )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·人(rén )间(jiān )训(xùn )》：“近(jìn )塞(sāi )上(shàng )之(zhī )人(rén )有(yǒu )善(shàn )术(shù )者(zhě )，马(mǎ )无(wú )故(gù )亡(wáng )而(ér )入(rù )胡(hú )。人(rén )皆(jiē )吊(diào )之(zhī )。其(qí )父(fù )曰(yuē )：‘此(cǐ )何(hé )遽(jù )不(bú )为(wéi )福(fú )乎(hū )？’居(jū )数(shù )月(yuè )，其(qí )马(mǎ )将(jiāng )胡(hú )骏(jùn )马(mǎ )而(ér )归(guī )。人(rén )皆(jiē )贺(hè )之(zhī )。…故(gù )福(fú )之(zhī )为(wéi )祸(huò )，祸(huò )之(zhī )为(wéi )福(fú )，化(huà )不(bú )可(kě )极(jí )，深(shēn )不(bú )可(kě )测(cè )也(yě )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：处(chù )士(shì )有(yǒu )志(zhì )未(wèi )遂(suí )，甚(shèn )为(wéi )可(kě )惜(xī )，然(rán )“～，安(ān )知(zhī )非(fēi )福(fú )”。 ★清(qīng )·李(lǐ )汝(rǔ )珍(zhēn )《镜(jìng )花(huā )缘(yuán )》第(dì )七(qī )回(huí )

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：失(shī )之(zhī )东(dōng )隅(yú )、因(yīn )祸(huò )得(dé )福(fú )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：因(yīn )福(fú )得(dé )祸(huò )

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )宾(bīn )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )、分(fèn )句(jù )；用(yòng )于(yú )安(ān )慰(wèi )语(yǔ )

【英(yīng )文(wén )】：a loss may turn out to be a gain

【日(rì )文(wén )】：塞(sāi )翁(wēng )が馬(mǎ )(さいおうがうま

【法(fǎ )文(wén )】：à quelque chose malheur est bon

【德(dé )文(wén )】：Unglück kann sich in Glück verwandeln

【成(chéng )语(yǔ )故(gù )事(shì )】：古(gǔ )代(dài )塞(sāi )北(běi )的(de )一(yī )老(lǎo )汉(hàn )家(jiā )的(de )马(mǎ )跑(pǎo )到(dào )长(zhǎng )城(chéng )外(wài )面(miàn )胡(hú )人(rén )那(nà )边(biān )去(qù )了(le )，乡(xiāng )亲(qīn )们(men )安(ān )慰(wèi )他(tā )，他(tā )说(shuō )这(zhè )不(bú )一(yī )定(dìng )是(shì )坏(huài )事(shì )，几(jǐ )天(tiān )后(hòu )走(zǒu )失(shī )的(de )马(mǎ )带(dài )回(huí )几(jǐ )匹(pǐ )烈(liè )马(mǎ )回(huí )来(lái )。老(lǎo )翁(wēng )认(rèn )为(wéi )这(zhè )不(bú )一(yī )定(dìng )是(shì )好(hǎo )事(shì )，他(tā )的(de )儿(ér )子(zǐ )因(yīn )骑(qí )胡(hú )马(mǎ )摔(shuāi )断(duàn )了(le )腿(tuǐ )，老(lǎo )翁(wēng )认(rèn )为(wéi )不(bú )是(shì )坏(huài )事(shì )，后(hòu )老(lǎo )汉(hàn )儿(ér )子(zǐ )因(yīn )腿(tuǐ )伤(shāng )而(ér )躲(duǒ )过(guò )战(zhàn )祸(huò )

(塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )，塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ ))

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·人(rén )间(jiān )训(xùn )》：“夫(fū )祸(huò )福(fú )之(zhī )转(zhuǎn )而(ér )相(xiàng )生(shēng )，其(qí )变(biàn )难(nán )见(jiàn )也(yě )。近(jìn )塞(sāi )上(shàng )之(zhī )人(rén )，有(yǒu )善(shàn )术(shù )者(zhě )，马(mǎ )无(wú )故(gù )亡(wáng )而(ér )入(rù )胡(hú )，人(rén )皆(jiē )弔(dì )之(zhī )。其(qí )父(fù )曰(yuē )：‘此(cǐ )何(hé )遽(jù )不(bú )为(wéi )福(fú )乎(hū )？’居(jū )数(shù )月(yuè )，其(qí )马(mǎ )将(jiāng )骏(jùn )马(mǎ )而(ér )归(guī )，人(rén )皆(jiē )贺(hè )之(zhī )。其(qí )父(fù )曰(yuē )：‘此(cǐ )何(hé )遽(jù )不(bú )为(wéi )祸(huò )乎(hū )？’家(jiā )富(fù )良(liáng )马(mǎ )，其(qí )子(zǐ )好(hǎo )骑(qí )，堕(duò )而(ér )折(shé )其(qí )髀(bì )，人(rén )皆(jiē )弔(dì )之(zhī )。其(qí )父(fù )曰(yuē )：‘此(cǐ )何(hé )遽(jù )不(bú )为(wéi )福(fú )乎(hū )？’居(jū )一(yī )年(nián )，胡(hú )人(rén )大(dà )入(rù )塞(sāi )，丁(dīng )壮(zhuàng )者(zhě )引(yǐn )弦(xián )而(ér )战(zhàn )，近(jìn )塞(sāi )之(zhī )人(rén )，死(sǐ )者(zhě )十(shí )九(jiǔ )，此(cǐ )独(dú )以(yǐ )跛(bǒ )之(zhī )故(gù )，父(fù )子(zǐ )相(xiàng )保(bǎo )。故(gù )福(fú )之(zhī )为(wéi )祸(huò )，祸(huò )之(zhī )为(wéi )福(fú )，化(huà )不(bú )可(kě )极(jí )，深(shēn )不(bú )可(kě )测(cè )也(yě )。”后(hòu )因(yīn )以(yǐ )“塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )”比(bǐ )喻(yù )祸(huò )福(fú )相(xiàng )倚(yǐ )，坏(huài )事(shì )变(biàn )成(chéng )好(hǎo )事(shì )。

曾(céng )慥(zào )《类(lèi )说(shuō )》卷(juàn )十(shí )七(qī )引(yǐn )宋(sòng )魏(wèi )泰(tài )《东(dōng )轩(xuān )笔(bǐ )录(lù )·失(shī )马(mǎ )断(duàn )蛇(shé )》：“曾(céng )布(bù )为(wéi )三(sān )司(sī )使(shǐ )，论(lùn )市(shì )易(yì )被(bèi )黜(chù )，鲁(lǔ )公(gōng )有(yǒu )柬(jiǎn )别(bié )之(zhī )，曰(yuē )：‘塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )，今(jīn )未(wèi )足(zú )悲(bēi )；楚(chǔ )相(xiàng )断(duàn )蛇(shé )，后(hòu )必(bì )有(yǒu )福(fú )。’”宋(sòng )陆(lù )游(yóu )《长(zhǎng )安(ān )道(dào )》诗(shī )：“士(shì )师(shī )分(fèn )鹿(lù )真(zhēn )是(shì )梦(mèng )，塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )犹(yóu )为(wéi )福(fú )。”

明(míng )吴(wú )承(chéng )恩(ēn )《赠(zèng )郡(jùn )伯(bó )养(yǎng )吾(wú )范(fàn )公(gōng )如(rú )京(jīng )改(gǎi )秩(zhì )章(zhāng )词(cí )》：“楚(chǔ )国(guó )亡(wáng )猿(yuán )，在(zài )事(shì )机(jī )而(ér )叵(pǒ )测(cè )；塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )，占(zhàn )福(fú )泽(zé )之(zhī )未(wèi )来(lái )。”

清(qīng )赵(zhào )翼(yì )《述(shù )庵(ān )司(sī )寇(kòu )新(xīn )刻(kè )大(dà )集(jí )见(jiàn )贻(yí )》诗(shī )：“塞(sāi )翁(wēng )失(shī )马(mǎ )何(hé )足(zú )惜(xī )，先(xiān )生(shēng )奇(qí )遭(zāo )在(zài )削(xuē )籍(jí )。”

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●塞翁失马（简体版）