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(北(běi )学(xué )，北(běi )学(xué ))

1.指(zhǐ )周(zhōu )代(dài )设(shè )在(zài )京(jīng )城(chéng )的(de )最(zuì )高(gāo )学(xué )府(fǔ )之(zhī )一(yī )。相(xiàng )传(chuán )夏(xià )、商(shāng )、周(zhōu )三(sān )代(dài )的(de )最(zuì )高(gāo )学(xué )府(fǔ )内(nèi )分(fèn )东(dōng )西(xī )南(nán )北(běi )四(sì )学(xué )和(hé )太(tài )学(xué )。

《大(dà )戴(dài )礼(lǐ )记(jì )·保(bǎo )傅(fù )》：“帝(dì )入(rù )东(dōng )学(xué )，上(shàng )亲(qīn )而(ér )贵(guì )仁(rén )，则(zé )亲(qīn )疏(shū )有(yǒu )序(xù )而(ér )恩(ēn )相(xiàng )及(jí )矣(yǐ )；帝(dì )入(rù )南(nán )学(xué )，上(shàng )齿(chǐ )而(ér )贵(guì )信(xìn )，则(zé )长(zhǎng )幼(yòu )有(yǒu )差(chà )民(mín )不(bú )诬(wū )矣(yǐ )；帝(dì )入(rù )西(xī )学(xué )，上(shàng )贤(xián )而(ér )贵(guì )德(dé )，则(zé )圣(shèng )智(zhì )在(zài )位(wèi )而(ér )功(gōng )不(bú )遗(yí )矣(yǐ )；帝(dì )入(rù )北(běi )学(xué )，上(shàng )贵(guì )而(ér )尊(zūn )爵(jué )，则(zé )贵(guì )贱(jiàn )有(yǒu )等(děng )而(ér )始(shǐ )下(xià )不(bú )踰(yáo )矣(yǐ )；帝(dì )入(rù )太(tài )学(xué )，承(chéng )师(shī )问(wèn )道(dào )，退(tuì )习(xí )而(ér )端(duān )于(yú )太(tài )傅(fù )，太(tài )傅(fù )罚(fá )其(qí )不(bú )则(zé )而(ér )达(dá )其(qí )不(bú )及(jí )，则(zé )德(dé )智(zhì )长(zhǎng )而(ér )理(lǐ )道(dào )得(dé )矣(yǐ )。”

2.指(zhǐ )南(nán )北(běi )朝(cháo )时(shí )北(běi )朝(cháo )的(de )经(jīng )学(xué )。

《北(běi )史(shǐ )·儒(rú )林(lín )传(chuán )序(xù )》：“大(dà )抵(dǐ )南(nán )北(běi )所(suǒ )为(wéi )章(zhāng )句(jù )，好(hǎo )尚(shàng )互(hù )有(yǒu )不(bú )同(tóng )……南(nán )人(rén )约(yuē )简(jiǎn )，得(dé )其(qí )英(yīng )华(huá )；北(běi )学(xué )深(shēn )芜(wú )，穷(qióng )其(qí )枝(zhī )叶(yè )。”

清(qīng )许(xǔ )宗(zōng )彦(yàn )《记(jì )南(nán )北(běi )学(xué )》：“经(jīng )学(xué )自(zì )东(dōng )晋(jìn )后(hòu )，分(fèn )为(wéi )南(nán )北(běi )。自(zì )唐(táng )以(yǐ )后(hòu )，则(zé )有(yǒu )南(nán )学(xué )而(ér )无(wú )北(běi )学(xué )。”

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●北学（简体版）