作者:明朝·茅坤 ┋ 阅读:1984

青(qīng )霞(xiá )沈(shěn )君(jūn )，由(yóu )锦(jǐn )衣(yī )经(jīng )历(lì )上(shàng )书(shū )诋(dǐ )宰(zǎi )执(zhí )，宰(zǎi )执(zhí )深(shēn )疾(jí )之(zhī )。方(fāng )力(lì )构(gòu )其(qí )罪(zuì )，赖(lài )明(míng )天(tiān )子(zǐ )仁(rén )圣(shèng )，特(tè )薄(báo )其(qí )谴(qiǎn )，徙(xǐ )之(zhī )塞(sāi )上(shàng )。当(dāng )是(shì )时(shí )，君(jūn )之(zhī )直(zhí )谏(jiàn )之(zhī )名(míng )满(mǎn )天(tiān )下(xià )。已(yǐ )而(ér )，君(jūn )纍(lèi )然(rán )携(xié )妻(qī )子(zǐ )，出(chū )家(jiā )塞(sāi )上(shàng )。会(huì )北(běi )敌(dí )数(shù )内(nèi )犯(fàn )，而(ér )帅(shuài )府(fǔ )以(yǐ )下(xià )，束(shù )手(shǒu )闭(bì )垒(lěi )，以(yǐ )恣(zì )敌(dí )之(zhī )出(chū )没(méi )，不(bú )及(jí )飞(fēi )一(yī )镞(zú )以(yǐ )相(xiàng )抗(kàng )。甚(shèn )且(qiě )及(jí )敌(dí )之(zhī )退(tuì )，则(zé )割(gē )中(zhōng )土(tǔ )之(zhī )战(zhàn )没(méi )者(zhě )与(yǔ )野(yě )行(háng )者(zhě )之(zhī )馘(guó )以(yǐ )为(wéi )功(gōng )。而(ér )父(fù )之(zhī )哭(kū )其(qí )子(zǐ )，妻(qī )之(zhī )哭(kū )其(qí )夫(fū )，兄(xiōng )之(zhī )哭(kū )其(qí )弟(dì )者(zhě )，往(wǎng )往(wǎng )而(ér )是(shì )，无(wú )所(suǒ )控(kòng )吁(yù )。君(jūn )既(jì )上(shàng )愤(fèn )疆(jiāng )埸(yì )之(zhī )日(rì )弛(chí )，而(ér )又(yòu )下(xià )痛(tòng )诸(zhū )将(jiāng )士(shì )之(zhī )日(rì )菅(jiān )刈(yì )我(wǒ )人(rén )民(mín )以(yǐ )蒙(méng )国(guó )家(jiā )也(yě )，数(shù )呜(wū )咽(yān )欷(xī )歔(xū );，而(ér )以(yǐ )其(qí )所(suǒ )忧(yōu )郁(yù )发(fā )之(zhī )于(yú )诗(shī )歌(gē )文(wén )章(zhāng )，以(yǐ )泄(xiè )其(qí )怀(huái )，即(jí )集(jí )中(zhōng )所(suǒ )载(zǎi )诸(zhū )什(shí )是(shì )也(yě )。

君(jūn )故(gù )以(yǐ )直(zhí )谏(jiàn )为(wéi )重(zhòng )于(yú )时(shí )，而(ér )其(qí )所(suǒ )著(zhe )为(wéi )诗(shī )歌(gē )文(wén )章(zhāng )，又(yòu )多(duō )所(suǒ )讥(jī )刺(cì )，稍(shāo )稍(shāo )传(chuán )播(bō )，上(shàng )下(xià )震(zhèn )恐(kǒng )。始(shǐ )出(chū )死(sǐ )力(lì )相(xiàng )煽(shān )构(gòu )，而(ér )君(jūn )之(zhī )祸(huò )作(zuò )矣(yǐ )。君(jūn )既(jì )没(méi )，而(ér )中(zhōng )朝(cháo )之(zhī )士(shì )虽(suī )不(bú )敢(gǎn )讼(sòng )其(qí )事(shì )，而(ér )一(yī )时(shí )阃(kǔn )寄(jì )所(suǒ )相(xiàng )与(yǔ )谗(chán )君(jūn )者(zhě )，寻(xún )且(qiě )坐(zuò )罪(zuì )罢(bà )去(qù )。又(yòu )未(wèi )几(jǐ )，故(gù )宰(zǎi )执(zhí )之(zhī )仇(chóu )君(jūn )者(zhě )亦(yì )报(bào )罢(bà )。而(ér )君(jūn )之(zhī )故(gù )人(rén )俞(yú )君(jūn )，于(yú )是(shì )裒(póu )辑(jí )其(qí )生(shēng )平(píng )所(suǒ )著(zhe )若(ruò )干(gàn )卷(juàn )，刻(kè )而(ér )传(chuán )之(zhī )。而(ér )其(qí )子(zǐ )襄(xiāng )，来(lái )请(qǐng )予(yǔ )序(xù )之(zhī )首(shǒu )简(jiǎn )。

茅(máo )子(zǐ )受(shòu )读(dú )而(ér )题(tí )之(zhī )曰(yuē )：若(ruò )君(jūn )者(zhě )，非(fēi )古(gǔ )之(zhī )志(zhì )士(shì )之(zhī )遗(yí )乎(hū )哉(zāi )？孔(kǒng )子(zǐ )删(shān )《诗(shī )》，自(zì )《小(xiǎo )弁(biàn )》之(zhī )怨(yuàn )亲(qīn )，《巷(xiàng )伯(bó )》之(zhī )刺(cì )谗(chán )而(ér )下(xià )，其(qí )间(jiān )忠(zhōng )臣(chén )、寡(guǎ )妇(fù )、幽(yōu )人(rén )、怼(duì )士(shì )之(zhī )什(shí )，并(bìng )列(liè )之(zhī )为(wéi )“风(fēng )”，疏(shū )之(zhī )为(wéi )“雅(yǎ )”，不(bú )可(kě )胜(shèng )数(shù )。岂(qǐ )皆(jiē )古(gǔ )之(zhī )中(zhōng )声(shēng )也(yě )哉(zāi )？然(rán )孔(kǒng )子(zǐ )不(bú )遽(jù )遗(yí )之(zhī )者(zhě )，特(tè )悯(mǐn )其(qí )人(rén )，矜(jīn )其(qí )志(zhì )。犹(yóu )曰(yuē )“发(fā )乎(hū )情(qíng )，止(zhǐ )乎(hū )礼(lǐ )义(yì )”，“言(yán )之(zhī )者(zhě )无(wú )罪(zuì )，闻(wén )之(zhī )者(zhě )足(zú )以(yǐ )为(wéi )戒(jiè )”焉(yān )耳(ěr )。予(yǔ )尝(cháng )按(àn )次(cì )春(chūn )秋(qiū )以(yǐ )来(lái )，屈(qū )原(yuán )之(zhī )《骚(sāo )》疑(yí )于(yú )怨(yuàn )，伍(wǔ )胥(xū )之(zhī )谏(jiàn )疑(yí )于(yú )胁(xié )，贾(jiǎ )谊(yì )之(zhī )《疏(shū )》疑(yí )于(yú )激(jī )，叔(shū )夜(yè )之(zhī )诗(shī )疑(yí )于(yú )愤(fèn )，刘(liú )蕡(fèi )之(zhī )对(duì )疑(yí )于(yú )亢(kàng )。然(rán )推(tuī )孔(kǒng )子(zǐ )删(shān )《诗(shī )》之(zhī )旨(zhǐ )而(ér )裒(póu )次(cì )之(zhī )，当(dāng )亦(yì )未(wèi )必(bì )无(wú )录(lù )之(zhī )者(zhě )。君(jūn )既(jì )没(méi )，而(ér )海(hǎi )内(nèi )之(zhī )荐(jiàn )绅(shēn )大(dà )夫(fū )，至(zhì )今(jīn )言(yán )及(jí )君(jūn )，无(wú )不(bú )酸(suān )鼻(bí )而(ér )流(liú )涕(tì )。呜(wū )呼(hū )！集(jí )中(zhōng )所(suǒ )载(zǎi )《鸣(míng )剑(jiàn )》、《筹(chóu )边(biān )》诸(zhū )什(shí )，试(shì )令(lìng )后(hòu )之(zhī )人(rén )读(dú )之(zhī )，其(qí )足(zú )以(yǐ )寒(hán )贼(zéi )臣(chén )之(zhī )胆(dǎn )，而(ér )跃(yuè )塞(sāi )垣(yuán )战(zhàn )士(shì )之(zhī )马(mǎ )，而(ér )作(zuò )之(zhī )忾(kài )也(yě )，固(gù )矣(yǐ )！他(tā )日(rì )国(guó )家(jiā )采(cǎi )风(fēng )者(zhě )之(zhī )使(shǐ )出(chū )而(ér )览(lǎn )观(guān )焉(yān )，其(qí )能(néng )遗(yí )之(zhī )也(yě )乎(hū )？予(yǔ )谨(jǐn )识(shí )之(zhī )。

至(zhì )于(yú )文(wén )词(cí )之(zhī )工(gōng )不(bú )工(gōng )，及(jí )当(dāng )古(gǔ )作(zuò )者(zhě )之(zhī )旨(zhǐ )与(yǔ )否(fǒu )，非(fēi )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )论(lùn )君(jūn )之(zhī )大(dà )者(zhě )也(yě )，予(yǔ )故(gù )不(bú )著(zhe )。嘉(jiā )靖(jìng )癸(guǐ )亥(hài )孟(mèng )春(chūn )望(wàng )日(rì )归(guī )安(ān )茅(máo )坤(kūn )拜(bài )手(shǒu )序(xù )。

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