作者:明朝·张溥 ┋ 阅读:1293

五(wǔ )人(rén )者(zhě )，盖(gài )当(dāng )蓼(liǎo )洲(zhōu )周(zhōu )公(gōng )之(zhī )被(bèi )逮(dǎi )，激(jī )于(yú )义(yì )而(ér )死(sǐ )焉(yān )者(zhě )也(yě )。至(zhì )于(yú )今(jīn )，郡(jùn )之(zhī )贤(xián )士(shì )大(dà )夫(fū )请(qǐng )于(yú )当(dāng )道(dào )，即(jí )除(chú )魏(wèi )阉(yān )废(fèi )祠(cí )之(zhī )址(zhǐ )以(yǐ )葬(zàng )之(zhī )；且(qiě )立(lì )石(shí )于(yú )其(qí )墓(mù )之(zhī )门(mén )，以(yǐ )旌(jīng )其(qí )所(suǒ )为(wéi )。呜(wū )呼(hū )，亦(yì )盛(shèng )矣(yǐ )哉(zāi )！

夫(fū )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )死(sǐ )，去(qù )今(jīn )之(zhī )墓(mù )而(ér )葬(zàng )焉(yān )，其(qí )为(wéi )时(shí )止(zhǐ )十(shí )有(yǒu )一(yī )月(yuè )耳(ěr )。夫(fū )十(shí )有(yǒu )一(yī )月(yuè )之(zhī )中(zhōng )，凡(fán )富(fù )贵(guì )之(zhī )子(zǐ )，慷(kāng )慨(kǎi )得(dé )志(zhì )之(zhī )徒(tú )，其(qí )疾(jí )病(bìng )而(ér )死(sǐ )，死(sǐ )而(ér )湮(yān )没(méi )不(bú )足(zú )道(dào )者(zhě )，亦(yì )已(yǐ )众(zhòng )矣(yǐ )；况(kuàng )草(cǎo )野(yě )之(zhī )无(wú )闻(wén )者(zhě )欤(yú )？独(dú )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )皦(jiǎo )皦(jiǎo )，何(hé )也(yě )？

予(yǔ )犹(yóu )记(jì )周(zhōu )公(gōng )之(zhī )被(bèi )逮(dǎi )，在(zài )丙(bǐng )寅(yín )三(sān )月(yuè )之(zhī )望(wàng )。吾(wú )社(shè )之(zhī )行(háng )为(wéi )士(shì )先(xiān )者(zhě )，为(wéi )之(zhī )声(shēng )义(yì )，敛(liǎn )赀(zī )财(cái )以(yǐ )送(sòng )其(qí )行(háng )，哭(kū )声(shēng )震(zhèn )动(dòng )天(tiān )地(dì )。缇(tí )骑(qí )按(àn )剑(jiàn )而(ér )前(qián )，问(wèn )：“谁(shuí )为(wéi )哀(āi )者(zhě )？”众(zhòng )不(bú )能(néng )堪(kān )，抶(chì )而(ér )仆(pú )之(zhī )。是(shì )时(shí )以(yǐ )大(dà )中(zhōng )丞(chéng )抚(fǔ )吴(wú )者(zhě )为(wéi )魏(wèi )之(zhī )私(sī )人(rén )毛(máo )一(yī )鹭(lù )，公(gōng )之(zhī )逮(dǎi )所(suǒ )由(yóu )使(shǐ )也(yě )；吴(wú )之(zhī )民(mín )方(fāng )痛(tòng )心(xīn )焉(yān )，于(yú )是(shì )乘(chéng )其(qí )厉(lì )声(shēng )以(yǐ )呵(hē )，则(zé )噪(zào )而(ér )相(xiàng )逐(zhú )。中(zhōng )丞(chéng )匿(nì )于(yú )溷(hùn )藩(fān )以(yǐ )免(miǎn )。既(jì )而(ér )以(yǐ )吴(wú )民(mín )之(zhī )乱(luàn )请(qǐng )于(yú )朝(cháo )，按(àn )诛(zhū )五(wǔ )人(rén )，曰(yuē )颜(yán )佩(pèi )韦(wéi )、杨(yáng )念(niàn )如(rú )、马(mǎ )杰(jié )、沈(shěn )扬(yáng )、周(zhōu )文(wén )元(yuán )，即(jí )今(jīn )之(zhī )傫(lěi )然(rán )在(zài )墓(mù )者(zhě )也(yě )。

然(rán )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )当(dāng )刑(xíng )也(yě )，意(yì )气(qì )扬(yáng )扬(yáng )，呼(hū )中(zhōng )丞(chéng )之(zhī )名(míng )而(ér )詈(lì )之(zhī )，谈(tán )笑(xiào )以(yǐ )死(sǐ )。断(duàn )头(tóu )置(zhì )城(chéng )上(shàng )，颜(yán )色(sè )不(bú )少(shǎo )变(biàn )。有(yǒu )贤(xián )士(shì )大(dà )夫(fū )发(fā )五(wǔ )十(shí )金(jīn )，买(mǎi )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )头(tóu )而(ér )函(hán )之(zhī )，卒(zú )与(yǔ )尸(shī )合(hé )。故(gù )今(jīn )之(zhī )墓(mù )中(zhōng )全(quán )乎(hū )为(wéi )五(wǔ )人(rén )也(yě )。

嗟(jiē )乎(hū )！大(dà )阉(yān )之(zhī )乱(luàn )，缙(jìn )绅(shēn )而(ér )能(néng )不(bú )易(yì )其(qí )志(zhì )者(zhě )，四(sì )海(hǎi )之(zhī )大(dà )，有(yǒu )几(jǐ )人(rén )欤(yú )？而(ér )五(wǔ )人(rén )生(shēng )于(yú )编(biān )伍(wǔ )之(zhī )间(jiān )，素(sù )不(bú )闻(wén )诗(shī )书(shū )之(zhī )训(xùn )，激(jī )昂(áng )大(dà )义(yì )，蹈(dǎo )死(sǐ )不(bú )顾(gù )，亦(yì )曷(hé )故(gù )哉(zāi )？且(qiě )矫(jiǎo )诏(zhào )纷(fēn )出(chū )，钩(gōu )党(dǎng )之(zhī )捕(bǔ )遍(biàn )于(yú )天(tiān )下(xià )，卒(zú )以(yǐ )吾(wú )郡(jùn )之(zhī )发(fā )愤(fèn )一(yī )击(jī )，不(bú )敢(gǎn )复(fù )有(yǒu )株(zhū )治(zhì )；大(dà )阉(yān )亦(yì )逡(qūn )巡(xún )畏(wèi )义(yì )，非(fēi )常(cháng )之(zhī )谋(móu )难(nán )于(yú )猝(cù )发(fā )，待(dài )圣(shèng )人(rén )之(zhī )出(chū )而(ér )投(tóu )缳(huán )道(dào )路(lù )，不(bú )可(kě )谓(wèi )非(fēi )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )力(lì )也(yě )。

由(yóu )是(shì )观(guān )之(zhī )，则(zé )今(jīn )之(zhī )高(gāo )爵(jué )显(xiǎn )位(wèi )，一(yī )旦(dàn )抵(dǐ )罪(zuì )，或(huò )脱(tuō )身(shēn )以(yǐ )逃(táo )，不(bú )能(néng )容(róng )于(yú )远(yuǎn )近(jìn )，而(ér )又(yòu )有(yǒu )剪(jiǎn )发(fā )杜(dù )门(mén )，佯(yáng )狂(kuáng )不(bú )知(zhī )所(suǒ )之(zhī )者(zhě )，其(qí )辱(rǔ )人(rén )贱(jiàn )行(háng )，视(shì )五(wǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )死(sǐ )，轻(qīng )重(zhòng )固(gù )何(hé )如(rú )哉(zāi )？是(shì )以(yǐ )蓼(liǎo )洲(zhōu )周(zhōu )公(gōng )忠(zhōng )义(yì )暴(bào )于(yú )朝(cháo )廷(tíng )，赠(zèng )谥(shì )褒(bāo )美(měi )，显(xiǎn )荣(róng )于(yú )身(shēn )后(hòu )；而(ér )五(wǔ )人(rén )亦(yì )得(dé )以(yǐ )加(jiā )其(qí )土(tǔ )封(fēng )，列(liè )其(qí )姓(xìng )名(míng )于(yú )大(dà )堤(dī )之(zhī )上(shàng )，凡(fán )四(sì )方(fāng )之(zhī )士(shì )无(wú )不(bú )有(yǒu )过(guò )而(ér )拜(bài )且(qiě )泣(qì )者(zhě )，斯(sī )固(gù )百(bǎi )世(shì )之(zhī )遇(yù )也(yě )。不(bú )然(rán )，令(lìng )五(wǔ )人(rén )者(zhě )保(bǎo )其(qí )首(shǒu )领(lǐng )，以(yǐ )老(lǎo )于(yú )户(hù )牖(yǒu )之(zhī )下(xià )，则(zé )尽(jìn )其(qí )天(tiān )年(nián )，人(rén )皆(jiē )得(dé )以(yǐ )隶(lì )使(shǐ )之(zhī )，安(ān )能(néng )屈(qū )豪(háo )杰(jié )之(zhī )流(liú )，扼(è )腕(wàn )墓(mù )道(dào )，发(fā )其(qí )志(zhì )士(shì )之(zhī )悲(bēi )哉(zāi )？故(gù )余(yú )与(yǔ )同(tóng )社(shè )诸(zhū )君(jūn )子(zǐ )，哀(āi )斯(sī )墓(mù )之(zhī )徒(tú )有(yǒu )其(qí )石(shí )也(yě )，而(ér )为(wéi )之(zhī )记(jì )，亦(yì )以(yǐ )明(míng )死(sǐ )生(shēng )之(zhī )大(dà )，匹(pǐ )夫(fū )之(zhī )有(yǒu )重(zhòng )于(yú )社(shè )稷(jì )也(yě )。

贤(xián )士(shì )大(dà )夫(fū )者(zhě )，冏(jiōng )卿(qīng )因(yīn )之(zhī )吴(wú )公(gōng )，太(tài )史(shǐ )文(wén )起(qǐ )文(wén )公(gōng )、孟(mèng )长(zhǎng )姚(yáo )公(gōng )也(yě )。

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