《管子》参患拼音版-注音版本（先秦·管仲）

凡(fán )人(rén )主(zhǔ )者(zhě )，猛(měng )毅(yì )则(zé )伐(fá )，懦(nuò )弱(ruò )则(zé )杀(shā )，猛(měng )毅(yì )者(zhě )何(hé )也(yě )？轻(qīng )诛(zhū )杀(shā )人(rén )之(zhī )谓(wèi )猛(měng )毅(yì )。懦(nuò )弱(ruò )者(zhě )何(hé )也(yě )，重(zhòng )诛(zhū )杀(shā )人(rén )之(zhī )谓(wèi )懦(nuò )弱(ruò )。此(cǐ )皆(jiē )有(yǒu )失(shī )彼(bǐ )此(cǐ )。凡(fán )轻(qīng )诛(zhū )者(zhě )杀(shā )不(bú )辜(gū )，而(ér )重(zhòng )诛(zhū )者(zhě )失(shī )有(yǒu )皋(gāo )，故(gù )上(shàng )杀(shā )不(bú )辜(gū )，则(zé )道(dào )正(zhèng )者(zhě )不(bú )安(ān )；上(shàng )失(shī )有(yǒu )皋(gāo )，则(zé )行(háng )邪(xié )者(zhě )不(bú )变(biàn )。道(dào )正(zhèng )者(zhě )不(bú )安(ān )，则(zé )才(cái )能(néng )之(zhī )人(rén )去(qù )亡(wáng )；行(háng )邪(xié )者(zhě )不(bú )变(biàn )，则(zé )群(qún )臣(chén )朋(péng )党(dǎng )；才(cái )能(néng )之(zhī )人(rén )去(qù )亡(wáng )，则(zé )宜(yí )有(yǒu )外(wài )难(nán )，群(qún )臣(chén )朋(péng )党(dǎng )，则(zé )宜(yí )有(yǒu )内(nèi )乱(luàn )。故(gù )曰(yuē )猛(měng )毅(yì )者(zhě )伐(fá )，懦(nuò )弱(ruò )者(zhě )杀(shā )也(yě )。

君(jūn )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )卑(bēi )尊(zūn )，国(guó )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )安(ān )危(wēi )者(zhě )，莫(mò )要(yào )于(yú )兵(bīng )。故(gù )诛(zhū )暴(bào )国(guó )必(bì )以(yǐ )兵(bīng )，禁(jìn )辟(pì )民(mín )必(bì )以(yǐ )刑(xíng )。然(rán )则(zé )兵(bīng )者(zhě )外(wài )以(yǐ )诛(zhū )暴(bào )，内(nèi )以(yǐ )禁(jìn )邪(xié )。故(gù )兵(bīng )者(zhě )尊(zūn )主(zhǔ )安(ān )国(guó )之(zhī )经(jīng )也(yě )，不(bú )可(kě )废(fèi )也(yě )。若(ruò )夫(fū )世(shì )主(zhǔ )则(zé )不(bú )然(rán )。外(wài )不(bú )以(yǐ )兵(bīng )，而(ér )欲(yù )诛(zhū )暴(bào )，则(zé )地(dì )必(bì )亏(kuī )矣(yǐ )。内(nèi )不(bú )以(yǐ )刑(xíng )，而(ér )欲(yù )禁(jìn )邪(xié )，则(zé )国(guó )必(bì )乱(luàn )矣(yǐ )。

故(gù )凡(fán )用(yòng )兵(bīng )之(zhī )计(jì )，三(sān )惊(jīng )当(dāng )一(yī )至(zhì )，三(sān )至(zhì )当(dāng )一(yī )军(jūn )，三(sān )军(jūn )当(dāng )一(yī )战(zhàn )；故(gù )一(yī )期(qī )之(zhī )师(shī )，十(shí )年(nián )之(zhī )蓄(xù )积(jī )殚(dān )；一(yī )战(zhàn )之(zhī )费(fèi )，累(lèi )代(dài )之(zhī )功(gōng )尽(jìn )；今(jīn )交(jiāo )刃(rèn )接(jiē )兵(bīng )而(ér )后(hòu )利(lì )之(zhī )，则(zé )战(zhàn )之(zhī )自(zì )胜(shèng )者(zhě )也(yě )。攻(gōng )城(chéng )围(wéi )邑(yì )，主(zhǔ )人(rén )易(yì )子(zǐ )而(ér )食(shí )之(zhī )，析(xī )骸(hái )而(ér )爨(cuàn )之(zhī )，则(zé )攻(gōng )之(zhī )自(zì )拔(bá )者(zhě )也(yě )。是(shì )以(yǐ )圣(shèng )人(rén )小(xiǎo )征(zhēng )而(ér )大(dà )匡(kuāng )，不(bú )失(shī )天(tiān )时(shí )，不(bú )空(kōng )地(dì )利(lì )，用(yòng )日(rì )维(wéi )梦(mèng )，其(qí )数(shù )不(bú )出(chū )于(yú )计(jì )。故(gù )计(jì )必(bì )先(xiān )定(dìng )而(ér )兵(bīng )出(chū )于(yú )竟(jìng )，计(jì )未(wèi )定(dìng )而(ér )兵(bīng )出(chū )于(yú )竟(jìng )，则(zé )战(zhàn )之(zhī )自(zì )败(bài )，攻(gōng )之(zhī )自(zì )毁(huǐ )者(zhě )也(yě )。

得(dé )众(zhòng )而(ér )不(bú )得(dé )其(qí )心(xīn )，则(zé )与(yǔ )独(dú )行(háng )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。兵(bīng )不(bú )完(wán )利(lì )，与(yǔ )无(wú )操(cāo )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )，甲(jiǎ )不(bú )坚(jiān )密(mì )，与(yǔ )俴(jiàn )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。弩(nǔ )不(bú )可(kě )以(yǐ )及(jí )远(yuǎn )，与(yǔ )短(duǎn )兵(bīng )同(tóng )实(shí )。射(shè )而(ér )不(bú )能(néng )中(zhōng )，与(yǔ )无(wú )矢(shǐ )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。中(zhōng )而(ér )不(bú )能(néng )入(rù )，与(yǔ )无(wú )鏃(zú )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。将(jiāng )徒(tú )人(rén )，与(yǔ )俴(jiàn )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。短(duǎn )兵(bīng )待(dài )远(yuǎn )矢(shǐ )，与(yǔ )坐(zuò )而(ér )待(dài )死(sǐ )者(zhě )同(tóng )实(shí )。故(gù )凡(fán )兵(bīng )有(yǒu )大(dà )论(lùn )。必(bì )先(xiān )论(lùn )其(qí )器(qì )，论(lùn )其(qí )士(shì )，论(lùn )其(qí )将(jiāng )，论(lùn )其(qí )主(zhǔ )，故(gù )曰(yuē )：“器(qì )滥(làn )恶(è )不(bú )利(lì )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )其(qí )士(shì )予(yǔ )人(rén )也(yě )，士(shì )不(bú )可(kě )用(yòng )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )其(qí )将(jiāng )予(yǔ )人(rén )也(yě )；将(jiāng )不(bú )知(zhī )兵(bīng )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )其(qí )主(zhǔ )予(yǔ )人(rén )也(yě )；主(zhǔ )不(bú )积(jī )务(wù )于(yú )兵(bīng )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )其(qí )国(guó )予(yǔ )人(rén )也(yě )；故(gù )一(yī )器(qì )成(chéng )，往(wǎng )夫(fū )具(jù )，而(ér )天(tiān )下(xià )无(wú )战(zhàn )心(xīn )。二(èr )器(qì )成(chéng )，惊(jīng )夫(fū )具(jù )，而(ér )天(tiān )下(xià )无(wú )守(shǒu )城(chéng )。三(sān )器(qì )成(chéng )，游(yóu )夫(fū )具(jù )，而(ér )天(tiān )下(xià )无(wú )聚(jù )众(zhòng )。”所(suǒ )谓(wèi )无(wú )战(zhàn )心(xīn )者(zhě )，知(zhī )战(zhàn )必(bì )不(bú )胜(shèng )，故(gù )曰(yuē )无(wú )战(zhàn )心(xīn )。所(suǒ )谓(wèi )无(wú )守(shǒu )城(chéng )者(zhě )，知(zhī )城(chéng )必(bì )拔(bá )，故(gù )曰(yuē )无(wú )守(shǒu )城(chéng )。所(suǒ )谓(wèi )无(wú )聚(jù )众(zhòng )者(zhě )，知(zhī )众(zhòng )必(bì )散(sàn )，故(gù )曰(yuē )无(wú )聚(jù )众(zhòng )。

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