《古文观止》卷十一·宋文二·寄欧阳舍人书拼音版-注音版本（清朝·吴楚才）

巩(gǒng )顿(dùn )首(shǒu )再(zài )拜(bài )，舍(shě )人(rén )先(xiān )生(shēng )：

去(qù )秋(qiū )人(rén )还(hái )，蒙(méng )赐(cì )书(shū )及(jí )所(suǒ )撰(zhuàn )先(xiān )大(dà )父(fù )墓(mù )碑(bēi )铭(míng )。反(fǎn )复(fù )观(guān )诵(sòng )，感(gǎn )与(yǔ )惭(cán )并(bìng )。夫(fū )铭(míng )志(zhì )之(zhī )著(zhe )于(yú )世(shì )，义(yì )近(jìn )于(yú )史(shǐ )，而(ér )亦(yì )有(yǒu )与(yǔ )史(shǐ )异(yì )者(zhě )。盖(gài )史(shǐ )之(zhī )于(yú )善(shàn )恶(è )，无(wú )所(suǒ )不(bú )书(shū ),而(ér )铭(míng )者(zhě )，盖(gài )古(gǔ )之(zhī )人(rén )有(yǒu )功(gōng )德(dé )材(cái )行(háng )志(zhì )义(yì )之(zhī )美(měi )者(zhě )，惧(jù )后(hòu )世(shì )之(zhī )不(bú )知(zhī )，则(zé )必(bì )铭(míng )而(ér )见(jiàn )之(zhī )。或(huò )纳(nà )于(yú )庙(miào )，或(huò )存(cún )于(yú )墓(mù )，一(yī )也(yě )。苟(gǒu )其(qí )人(rén )之(zhī )恶(è )，则(zé )于(yú )铭(míng )乎(hū )何(hé )有(yǒu )?此(cǐ )其(qí )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )与(yǔ )史(shǐ )异(yì )也(yě )。其(qí )辞(cí )之(zhī )作(zuò )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )使(shǐ )死(sǐ )者(zhě )无(wú )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )憾(hàn )，生(shēng )者(zhě )得(dé )致(zhì )其(qí )严(yán )。而(ér )善(shàn )人(rén )喜(xǐ )于(yú )见(jiàn )传(chuán )，则(zé )勇(yǒng )于(yú )自(zì )立(lì );恶(è )人(rén )无(wú )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )纪(jì )，则(zé )以(yǐ )愧(kuì )而(ér )惧(jù )。至(zhì )于(yú )通(tōng )材(cái )达(dá )识(shí )，义(yì )烈(liè )节(jiē )士(shì )，嘉(jiā )言(yán )善(shàn )状(zhuàng )，皆(jiē )见(jiàn )于(yú )篇(piān )，则(zé )足(zú )为(wéi )后(hòu )法(fǎ )。警(jǐng )劝(quàn )之(zhī )道(dào )，非(fēi )近(jìn )乎(hū )史(shǐ )，其(qí )将(jiāng )安(ān )近(jìn )?

及(jí )世(shì )之(zhī )衰(shuāi )，为(wéi )人(rén )之(zhī )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )者(zhě )，一(yī )欲(yù )褒(bāo )扬(yáng )其(qí )亲(qīn )而(ér )不(bú )本(běn )乎(hū )理(lǐ )。故(gù )虽(suī )恶(è )人(rén )，皆(jiē )务(wù )勒(lè )铭(míng )，以(yǐ )夸(kuā )后(hòu )世(shì )。立(lì )言(yán )者(zhě )既(jì )莫(mò )之(zhī )拒(jù )而(ér )不(bú )为(wéi )，又(yòu )以(yǐ )其(qí )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )之(zhī )所(suǒ )请(qǐng )也(yě )，书(shū )其(qí )恶(è )焉(yān )，则(zé )人(rén )情(qíng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )不(bú )得(dé )，于(yú )是(shì )乎(hū )铭(míng )始(shǐ )不(bú )实(shí )。后(hòu )之(zhī )作(zuò )铭(míng )者(zhě )，常(cháng )观(guān )其(qí )人(rén )。苟(gǒu )托(tuō )之(zhī )非(fēi )人(rén )，则(zé )书(shū )之(zhī )非(fēi )公(gōng )与(yǔ )是(shì )，则(zé )不(bú )足(zú )以(yǐ )行(háng )世(shì )而(ér )传(chuán )后(hòu )。故(gù )千(qiān )百(bǎi )年(nián )来(lái )，公(gōng )卿(qīng )大(dà )夫(fū )至(zhì )于(yú )里(lǐ )巷(xiàng )之(zhī )士(shì )，莫(mò )不(bú )有(yǒu )铭(míng )，而(ér )传(chuán )者(zhě )盖(gài )少(shǎo )。其(qí )故(gù )非(fēi )他(tā )，托(tuō )之(zhī )非(fēi )人(rén )，书(shū )之(zhī )非(fēi )公(gōng )与(yǔ )是(shì )故(gù )也(yě )。

然(rán )则(zé )孰(shú )为(wéi )其(qí )人(rén )而(ér )能(néng )尽(jìn )公(gōng )与(yǔ )是(shì )欤(yú )?非(fēi )畜(chù )道(dào )德(dé )而(ér )能(néng )文(wén )章(zhāng )者(zhě )，无(wú )以(yǐ )为(wéi )也(yě )。盖(gài )有(yǒu )道(dào )德(dé )者(zhě )之(zhī )于(yú )恶(è )人(rén )，则(zé )不(bú )受(shòu )而(ér )铭(míng )之(zhī )，于(yú )众(zhòng )人(rén )则(zé )能(néng )辨(biàn )焉(yān )。而(ér )人(rén )之(zhī )行(háng )，有(yǒu )情(qíng )善(shàn )而(ér )迹(jì )非(fēi )，有(yǒu )意(yì )奸(jiān )而(ér )外(wài )淑(shū )，有(yǒu )善(shàn )恶(è )相(xiàng )悬(xuán )而(ér )不(bú )可(kě )以(yǐ )实(shí )指(zhǐ )，有(yǒu )实(shí )大(dà )于(yú )名(míng )，有(yǒu )名(míng )侈(chǐ )于(yú )实(shí )。犹(yóu )之(zhī )用(yòng )人(rén )，非(fēi )畜(chù )道(dào )德(dé )者(zhě )，恶(è )能(néng )辨(biàn )之(zhī )不(bú )惑(huò )，议(yì )之(zhī )不(bú )徇(xùn )?不(bú )惑(huò )不(bú )徇(xùn )，则(zé )公(gōng )且(qiě )是(shì )矣(yǐ )。而(ér )其(qí )辞(cí )之(zhī )不(bú )工(gōng )，则(zé )世(shì )犹(yóu )不(bú )传(chuán )，于(yú )是(shì )又(yòu )在(zài )其(qí )文(wén )章(zhāng )兼(jiān )胜(shèng )焉(yān )。故(gù )曰(yuē )，非(fēi )畜(chù )道(dào )德(dé )而(ér )能(néng )文(wén )章(zhāng )者(zhě )无(wú )以(yǐ )为(wéi )也(yě )，岂(qǐ )非(fēi )然(rán )哉(zāi )!

然(rán )畜(chù )道(dào )德(dé )而(ér )能(néng )文(wén )章(zhāng )者(zhě )，虽(suī )或(huò )并(bìng )世(shì )而(ér )有(yǒu )，亦(yì )或(huò )数(shù )十(shí )年(nián )或(huò )一(yī )二(èr )百(bǎi )年(nián )而(ér )有(yǒu )之(zhī )。其(qí )传(chuán )之(zhī )难(nán )如(rú )此(cǐ )，其(qí )遇(yù )之(zhī )难(nán )又(yòu )如(rú )此(cǐ )。若(ruò )先(xiān )生(shēng )之(zhī )道(dào )德(dé )文(wén )章(zhāng )，固(gù )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )数(shù )百(bǎi )年(nián )而(ér )有(yǒu )者(zhě )也(yě )。先(xiān )祖(zǔ )之(zhī )言(yán )行(háng )卓(zhuó )卓(zhuó )，幸(xìng )遇(yù )而(ér )得(dé )铭(míng )，其(qí )公(gōng )与(yǔ )是(shì )，其(qí )传(chuán )世(shì )行(háng )后(hòu )无(wú )疑(yí )也(yě )。而(ér )世(shì )之(zhī )学(xué )者(zhě )，每(měi )观(guān )传(chuán )记(jì )所(suǒ )书(shū )古(gǔ )人(rén )之(zhī )事(shì )，至(zhì )其(qí )所(suǒ )可(kě )感(gǎn )，则(zé )往(wǎng )往(wǎng )衋(xì )然(rán )不(bú )知(zhī )涕(tì )之(zhī )流(liú )落(luò )也(yě )，况(kuàng )其(qí )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )也(yě )哉(zāi )?况(kuàng )巩(gǒng )也(yě )哉(zāi )?其(qí )追(zhuī )睎(xī )祖(zǔ )德(dé )而(ér )思(sī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )传(chuán )之(zhī )之(zhī )繇(yáo )，则(zé )知(zhī )先(xiān )生(shēng )推(tuī )一(yī )赐(cì )于(yú )巩(gǒng )而(ér )及(jí )其(qí )三(sān )世(shì )。其(qí )感(gǎn )与(yǔ )报(bào )，宜(yí )若(ruò )何(hé )而(ér )图(tú )之(zhī )?

抑(yì )又(yòu )思(sī )若(ruò )巩(gǒng )之(zhī )浅(qiǎn )薄(báo )滞(zhì )拙(zhuō )，而(ér )先(xiān )生(shēng )进(jìn )之(zhī )，先(xiān )祖(zǔ )之(zhī )屯(tún )蹶(juě )否(fǒu )塞(sāi )以(yǐ )死(sǐ )，而(ér )先(xiān )生(shēng )显(xiǎn )之(zhī )，则(zé )世(shì )之(zhī )魁(kuí )闳(hóng )豪(háo )杰(jié )不(bú )世(shì )出(chū )之(zhī )士(shì )，其(qí )谁(shuí )不(bú )愿(yuàn )进(jìn )于(yú )门(mén )?潜(qián )遁(dùn )幽(yōu )抑(yì )之(zhī )士(shì )，其(qí )谁(shuí )不(bú )有(yǒu )望(wàng )于(yú )世(shì )?善(shàn )谁(shuí )不(bú )为(wéi )，而(ér )恶(è )谁(shuí )不(bú )愧(kuì )以(yǐ )惧(jù )?为(wéi )人(rén )之(zhī )父(fù )祖(zǔ )者(zhě )，孰(shú )不(bú )欲(yù )教(jiāo )其(qí )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )?为(wéi )人(rén )之(zhī )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )者(zhě )，孰(shú )不(bú )欲(yù )宠(chǒng )荣(róng )其(qí )父(fù )祖(zǔ )?此(cǐ )数(shù )美(měi )者(zhě )，一(yī )归(guī )于(yú )先(xiān )生(shēng )。既(jì )拜(bài )赐(cì )之(zhī )辱(rǔ )，且(qiě )敢(gǎn )进(jìn )其(qí )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )然(rán )。所(suǒ )谕(yù )世(shì )族(zú )之(zhī )次(cì )，敢(gǎn )不(bú )承(chéng )教(jiāo )而(ér )加(jiā )详(xiáng )焉(yān )?愧(kuì )甚(shèn )，不(bú )宣(xuān )。巩(gǒng )再(zài )拜(bài )。

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