《墨子》11章尚同(上)拼音版-注音版本（先秦·墨子）

子(zǐ )墨(mò )子(zǐ )言(yán )曰(yuē )：古(gǔ )者(zhě )民(mín )始(shǐ )生(shēng )，未(wèi )有(yǒu )刑(xíng )政(zhèng )之(zhī )时(shí )，盖(gài )其(qí )语(yǔ )，人(rén )异(yì )义(yì )。是(shì )以(yǐ )一(yī )人(rén )则(zé )一(yī )义(yì )，二(èr )人(rén )则(zé )二(èr )义(yì )，十(shí )人(rén )则(zé )十(shí )义(yì )。其(qí )人(rén )兹(zī )众(zhòng )，其(qí )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )义(yì )者(zhě )亦(yì )兹(zī )众(zhòng )。是(shì )以(yǐ )人(rén )是(shì )其(qí )义(yì )，以(yǐ )非(fēi )人(rén )之(zhī )义(yì )，故(gù )交(jiāo )相(xiàng )非(fēi )也(yě )。是(shì )以(yǐ )内(nèi )者(zhě )父(fù )子(zǐ )兄(xiōng )弟(dì )作(zuò )，离(lí )散(sàn )不(bú )能(néng )相(xiàng )和(hé )合(hé )；天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，皆(jiē )以(yǐ )水(shuǐ )火(huǒ )毒(dú )药(yào )相(xiàng )亏(kuī )害(hài )。至(zhì )有(yǒu )余(yú )力(lì )，不(bú )能(néng )以(yǐ )相(xiàng )劳(láo )；腐(fǔ )朽(xiǔ )余(yú )财(cái )，不(bú )以(yǐ )相(xiàng )分(fèn )；隐(yǐn )匿(nì )良(liáng )道(dào )，不(bú )以(yǐ )相(xiàng )教(jiāo )。天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )乱(luàn )，若(ruò )禽(qín )兽(shòu )然(rán )。

夫(fū )明(míng )乎(hū )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )乱(luàn )者(zhě )，生(shēng )于(yú )无(wú )政(zhèng )长(zhǎng )。是(shì )故(gù )选(xuǎn )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )贤(xián )可(kě )者(zhě )，立(lì )以(yǐ )为(wéi )天(tiān )子(zǐ )。天(tiān )子(zǐ )立(lì )，以(yǐ )其(qí )力(lì )为(wéi )未(wèi )足(zú )，又(yòu )选(xuǎn )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )贤(xián )可(kě )者(zhě )，置(zhì )立(lì )之(zhī )以(yǐ )为(wéi )三(sān )公(gōng )。天(tiān )子(zǐ )、三(sān )公(gōng )既(jì )以(yǐ )立(lì )，以(yǐ )天(tiān )下(xià )为(wéi )博(bó )大(dà )，远(yuǎn )国(guó )异(yì )土(tǔ )之(zhī )民(mín )，是(shì )非(fēi )利(lì )害(hài )之(zhī )辩(biàn )，不(bú )可(kě )一(yī )二(èr )而(ér )明(míng )知(zhī )，故(gù )画(huà )分(fèn )万(wàn )国(guó )，立(lì )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )国(guó )君(jūn )。诸(zhū )侯(hóu )国(guó )君(jūn )既(jì )已(yǐ )立(lì )，以(yǐ )其(qí )力(lì )为(wéi )未(wèi )足(zú )，又(yòu )选(xuǎn )择(zé )其(qí )国(guó )之(zhī )贤(xián )可(kě )者(zhě )，置(zhì )立(lì )之(zhī )以(yǐ )为(wéi )正(zhèng )长(zhǎng )。

正(zhèng )长(zhǎng )既(jì )已(yǐ )具(jù )，天(tiān )子(zǐ )发(fā )政(zhèng )于(yú )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，言(yán )曰(yuē )：“闻(wén )善(shàn )而(ér )不(bú )善(shàn )，皆(jiē )以(yǐ )告(gào )其(qí )上(shàng )。上(shàng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )是(shì )，必(bì )皆(jiē )是(shì )之(zhī )，所(suǒ )非(fēi )，必(bì )皆(jiē )非(fēi )之(zhī )。上(shàng )有(yǒu )过(guò )则(zé )规(guī )谏(jiàn )之(zhī )，下(xià )有(yǒu )善(shàn )则(zé )傍(bàng )荐(jiàn )之(zhī )。上(shàng )同(tóng )而(ér )不(bú )下(xià )比(bǐ )者(zhě )，此(cǐ )上(shàng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )赏(shǎng )而(ér )下(xià )之(zhī )所(suǒ )誉(yù )也(yě )。意(yì )若(ruò )闻(wén )善(shàn )而(ér )不(bú )善(shàn )，不(bú )以(yǐ )告(gào )其(qí )上(shàng )；上(shàng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )是(shì )弗(fú )能(néng )是(shì )，上(shàng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )非(fēi )弗(fú )能(néng )非(fēi )；上(shàng )有(yǒu )过(guò )弗(fú )规(guī )谏(jiàn )，下(xià )有(yǒu )善(shàn )弗(fú )傍(bàng )荐(jiàn )；下(xià )比(bǐ )不(bú )能(néng )上(shàng )同(tóng )者(zhě )，此(cǐ )上(shàng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )罚(fá )而(ér )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )所(suǒ )毁(huǐ )也(yě )。”上(shàng )以(yǐ )此(cǐ )为(wéi )赏(shǎng )罚(fá )，甚(shèn )明(míng )察(chá )以(yǐ )审(shěn )信(xìn )。

是(shì )故(gù )里(lǐ )长(zhǎng )者(zhě )，里(lǐ )之(zhī )仁(rén )人(rén )也(yě )。里(lǐ )长(zhǎng )发(fā )政(zhèng )里(lǐ )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，言(yán )曰(yuē )：“闻(wén )善(shàn )而(ér )不(bú )善(shàn )，必(bì )以(yǐ )告(gào )其(qí )乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )。乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )是(shì )，必(bì )皆(jiē )是(shì )之(zhī )；乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )非(fēi )，必(bì )皆(jiē )非(fēi )之(zhī )。去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )言(yán )，学(xué )乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )之(zhī )善(shàn )言(yán )；去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )行(háng )，学(xué )乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )之(zhī )善(shàn )行(háng )。”则(zé )乡(xiāng )何(hé )说(shuō )以(yǐ )乱(luàn )哉(zāi )。察(chá )乡(xiāng )之(zhī )所(suǒ )治(zhì )者(zhě )何(hé )也(yě )？乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )唯(wéi )能(néng )壹(yī )同(tóng )乡(xiāng )之(zhī )义(yì )，是(shì )以(yǐ )乡(xiāng )治(zhì )也(yě )。

乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )者(zhě )，乡(xiāng )之(zhī )仁(rén )人(rén )也(yě )。乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )发(fā )政(zhèng )乡(xiāng )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，言(yán )曰(yuē )：“闻(wén )善(shàn )而(ér )不(bú )善(shàn )者(zhě )，必(bì )以(yǐ )告(gào )国(guó )君(jūn )。国(guó )君(jūn )之(zhī )所(suǒ )是(shì )，必(bì )皆(jiē )是(shì )之(zhī )；国(guó )君(jūn )之(zhī )所(suǒ )非(fēi )，必(bì )皆(jiē )非(fēi )之(zhī )。去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )言(yán )，学(xué )国(guó )君(jūn )之(zhī )善(shàn )言(yán )；去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )行(háng )，学(xué )国(guó )君(jūn )之(zhī )善(shàn )行(háng )。”则(zé )国(guó )何(hé )说(shuō )以(yǐ )乱(luàn )哉(zāi )？察(chá )国(guó )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )治(zhì )者(zhě )何(hé )也(yě )？国(guó )君(jūn )唯(wéi )能(néng )壹(yī )同(tóng )国(guó )之(zhī )义(yì )，是(shì )以(yǐ )国(guó )治(zhì )也(yě )。

国(guó )君(jūn )者(zhě )，国(guó )之(zhī )仁(rén )人(rén )也(yě )。国(guó )君(jūn )发(fā )政(zhèng )国(guó )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，言(yán )曰(yuē ):“闻(wén )善(shàn )而(ér )不(bú )善(shàn )，必(bì )以(yǐ )告(gào )天(tiān )子(zǐ )。天(tiān )子(zǐ )之(zhī )所(suǒ )是(shì )，皆(jiē )是(shì )之(zhī )；天(tiān )子(zǐ )之(zhī )所(suǒ )非(fēi )，皆(jiē )非(fēi )之(zhī )。去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )言(yán )，学(xué )天(tiān )子(zǐ )之(zhī )善(shàn )言(yán )；去(qù )若(ruò )不(bú )善(shàn )行(háng )，学(xué )天(tiān )子(zǐ )之(zhī )善(shàn )行(háng )。”则(zé )天(tiān )下(xià )何(hé )说(shuō )以(yǐ )乱(luàn )哉(zāi )？察(chá )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )治(zhì )者(zhě )何(hé )也(yě )？天(tiān )子(zǐ )唯(wéi )能(néng )壹(yī )同(tóng )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )义(yì )，是(shì )以(yǐ )天(tiān )下(xià )治(zhì )也(yě )。

天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )皆(jiē )上(shàng )同(tóng )于(yú )天(tiān )子(zǐ )，而(ér )不(bú )上(shàng )同(tóng )于(yú )天(tiān )，则(zé )灾(zāi )犹(yóu )未(wèi )去(qù )也(yě )。今(jīn )若(ruò )天(tiān )飘(piāo )风(fēng )苦(kǔ )雨(yǔ )，溱(qín )溱(qín )而(ér )至(zhì )者(zhě )，此(cǐ )天(tiān )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )罚(fá )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )之(zhī )不(bú )上(shàng )同(tóng )于(yú )天(tiān )者(zhě )也(yě )。是(shì )故(gù )子(zǐ )墨(mò )子(zǐ )言(yán )曰(yuē )：“古(gǔ )者(zhě )圣(shèng )王(wáng )为(wéi )五(wǔ )刑(xíng )，请(qǐng )以(yǐ )治(zhì )其(qí )民(mín )。譬(pì )若(ruò )丝(sī )缕(lǚ )之(zhī )有(yǒu )纪(jì )，罔(wǎng )罟(gǔ )之(zhī )有(yǒu )纲(gāng )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )连(lián )收(shōu )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )，不(bú )尚(shàng )同(tóng )其(qí )上(shàng )者(zhě )也(yě )。”

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