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《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )》（又(yòu )名(míng )《淮(huái )南(nán )鸿(hóng )烈(liè )》、《刘(liú )安(ān )子(zǐ )》）是(shì )西(xī )汉(hàn )皇(huáng )族(zú )淮(huái )南(nán )王(wáng )刘(liú )安(ān )及(jí )其(qí )门(mén )客(kè )收(shōu )集(jí )史(shǐ )料(liào )集(jí )体(tǐ )编(biān )写(xiě )而(ér )成(chéng )的(de )一(yī )部(bù )哲(zhé )学(xué )著(zhe )作(zuò )。

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )》相(xiàng )传(chuán )是(shì )由(yóu )西(xī )汉(hàn )皇(huáng )族(zú )淮(huái )南(nán )王(wáng )刘(liú )安(ān )主(zhǔ )持(chí )撰(zhuàn )写(xiě )，故(gù )而(ér )得(dé )名(míng )。该(gāi )书(shū )在(zài )继(jì )承(chéng )先(xiān )秦(qín )道(dào )家(jiā )思(sī )想(xiǎng )的(de )基(jī )础(chǔ )上(shàng )，综(zōng )合(hé )了(le )诸(zhū )子(zǐ )百(bǎi )家(jiā )学(xué )说(shuō )中(zhōng )的(de )精(jīng )华(huá )部(bù )分(fèn )，对(duì )后(hòu )世(shì )研(yán )究(jiū )秦(qín )汉(hàn )时(shí )期(qī )文(wén )化(huà )起(qǐ )到(dào )了(le )不(bú )可(kě )替(tì )代(dài )的(de )作(zuò )用(yòng )。班(bān )固(gù )《汉(hàn )书(shū )·艺(yì )文(wén )志(zhì )》将(jiāng )其(qí )归(guī )入(rù )“杂(zá )家(jiā )”，《四(sì )库(kù )全(quán )书(shū )总(zǒng )目(mù )》归(guī )入(rù )“杂(zá )家(jiā )”，属(shǔ )于(yú )子(zǐ )部(bù )。

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )》在(zài )继(jì )承(chéng )先(xiān )秦(qín )道(dào )家(jiā )思(sī )想(xiǎng )的(de )基(jī )础(chǔ )上(shàng )，糅(róu )合(hé )了(le )阴(yīn )阳(yáng )、墨(mò )、法(fǎ )和(hé )一(yī )部(bù )分(fèn )儒(rú )家(jiā )思(sī )想(xiǎng )，但(dàn )主(zhǔ )要(yào )的(de )宗(zōng )旨(zhǐ )属(shǔ )于(yú )道(dào )家(jiā )。“鸿(hóng )”是(shì )广(guǎng )大(dà )的(de )意(yì )思(sī )，“烈(liè )”是(shì )光(guāng )明(míng )的(de )意(yì )思(sī )（东(dōng )汉(hàn )高(gāo )诱(yòu )《淮(huái )南(nán )鸿(hóng )烈(liè )解(jiě )序(xù )》）。作(zuò )者(zhě )认(rèn )为(wéi )此(cǐ )书(shū )如(rú )道(dào )一(yī )样(yàng )包(bāo )括(kuò )了(le )广(guǎng )大(dà )而(ér )光(guāng )明(míng )的(de )通(tōng )理(lǐ )。

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )》原(yuán )书(shū )中(zhōng )有(yǒu )内(nèi )篇(piān )二(èr )十(shí )一(yī )卷(juàn )，中(zhōng )篇(piān )八(bā )卷(juàn )，外(wài )篇(piān )三(sān )十(shí )三(sān )卷(juàn )，至(zhì )今(jīn )存(cún )世(shì )的(de )只(zhī )有(yǒu )内(nèi )篇(piān )，现(xiàn )今(jīn )出(chū )版(bǎn )版(bǎn )本(běn )，大(dà )多(duō )对(duì )内(nèi )篇(piān )进(jìn )行(háng )删(shān )减(jiǎn )后(hòu )再(zài )出(chū )版(bǎn )。“说(shuō )林(lín )、说(shuō )山(shān )、人(rén )闲(xián )诸(zhū )篇(piān )多(duō )纪(jì )古(gǔ )事(shì )”。这(zhè )部(bù )书(shū )的(de )思(sī )想(xiǎng )内(nèi )容(róng )以(yǐ )道(dào )家(jiā )思(sī )想(xiǎng )为(wéi )主(zhǔ )，同(tóng )时(shí )夹(jiá )杂(zá )着(zhe )先(xiān )秦(qín )各(gè )家(jiā )的(de )学(xué )说(shuō )，故(gù )《汉(hàn )书(shū )·艺(yì )文(wén )志(zhì )》将(jiāng )之(zhī )列(liè )为(wéi )纵(zòng )横(héng )家(jiā )类(lèi )。梁(liáng )启(qǐ )超(chāo )说(shuō )：“《淮(huái )南(nán )鸿(hóng )烈(liè )》为(wéi )西(xī )汉(hàn )道(dào )家(jiā )言(yán )之(zhī )渊(yuān )府(fǔ )，其(qí )书(shū )博(bó )大(dà )而(ér )和(hé )有(yǒu )条(tiáo )贯(guàn )，汉(hàn )人(rén )著(zhe )述(shù )中(zhōng )第(dì )一(yī )流(liú )也(yě )。”胡(hú )适(shì )说(shuō )：“道(dào )家(jiā )集(jí )古(gǔ )代(dài )思(sī )想(xiǎng )的(de )大(dà )成(chéng )，而(ér )淮(huái )南(nán )书(shū )又(yòu )集(jí )道(dào )家(jiā )的(de )大(dà )成(chéng )。”刘(liú )文(wén )典(diǎn )写(xiě )有(yǒu )《淮(huái )南(nán )鸿(hóng )烈(liè )集(jí )解(jiě )》。

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