《反经》利害拼音版-注音版本（唐朝·赵蕤）

孙(sūn )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：“陷(xiàn )之(zhī )死(sǐ )地(dì )而(ér )后(hòu )生(shēng )，投(tóu )之(zhī )亡(wáng )地(dì )而(ér )后(hòu )存(cún )。”又(yòu )曰(yuē )：“杂(zá )于(yú )利(lì )而(ér )务(wù )可(kě )伸(shēn )，杂(zá )于(yú )害(hài )而(ér )患(huàn )可(kě )解(jiě )。”何(hé )以(yǐ )明(míng )之(zhī )？

汉(hàn )将(jiāng )韩(hán )信(xìn )攻(gōng )赵(zhào )，赵(zhào )盛(shèng )兵(bīng )井(jǐng )陉(xíng )口(kǒu )。信(xìn )乃(nǎi )引(yǐn )兵(bīng )未(wèi )至(zhì )井(jǐng )陉(xíng )口(kǒu )三(sān )十(shí )里(lǐ )，止(zhǐ )舍(shě )。夜(yè )半(bàn )传(chuán )发(fā )，选(xuǎn )轻(qīng )骑(qí )二(èr )千(qiān )人(rén )，持(chí )一(yī )赤(chì )帜(zhì )，从(cóng )间(jiān )道(dào )萆(bì )山(shān )(音(yīn )蔽(bì ))而(ér )望(wàng )见(jiàn )赵(zhào )军(jūn )。诫(jiè )之(zhī )曰(yuē )：“赵(zhào )见(jiàn )我(wǒ )走(zǒu )，必(bì )空(kōng )壁(bì )逐(zhú )我(wǒ )，若(ruò )疾(jí )入(rù )赵(zhào )壁(bì )，拔(bá )赵(zhào )帜(zhì )，立(lì )汉(hàn )赤(chì )帜(zhì )。”令(lìng )其(qí )裨(bì )将(jiāng )传(chuán )餐(cān )，曰(yuē )：“今(jīn )日(rì )破(pò )赵(zhào )会(huì )食(shí )。”诸(zhū )将(jiāng )皆(jiē )莫(mò )信(xìn )，佯(yáng )应(yīng )曰(yuē )：“诺(nuò )。”信(xìn )谓(wèi )军(jūn )吏(lì )曰(yuē )：“赵(zhào )已(yǐ )先(xiān )据(jù )便(biàn )地(dì )为(wéi )壁(bì )，且(qiě )彼(bǐ )未(wèi )见(jiàn )我(wǒ )大(dà )将(jiāng )旗(qí )鼓(gǔ )，未(wèi )肯(kěn )击(jī )前(qián )行(háng )，恐(kǒng )吾(wú )至(zhì )阻(zǔ )险(xiǎn )而(ér )还(hái )。”信(xìn )乃(nǎi )使(shǐ )万(wàn )人(rén )行(háng )出(chū )，倍(bèi )水(shuǐ )阵(zhèn )。赵(zhào )军(jūn )望(wàng )见(jiàn )，大(dà )笑(xiào )之(zhī )。(太(tài )公(gōng )曰(yuē )：“智(zhì )与(yǔ )众(zhòng )同(tóng )，非(fēi )人(rén )师(shī )也(yě )；伎(jì )与(yǔ )众(zhòng )同(tóng )，非(fēi )国(guó )士(shì )也(yě )。动(dòng )莫(mò )神(shén )于(yú )不(bú )意(yì )，胜(shèng )莫(mò )大(dà )于(yú )不(bú )识(shí )。”使(shǐ )赵(zhào )军(jūn )识(shí )韩(hán )信(xìn )之(zhī )势(shì )，安(ān )得(dé )败(bài )哉(zāi )？故(gù )笑(xiào )之(zhī )而(ér )败(bài )也(yě )。)

平(píng )旦(dàn )，信(xìn )建(jiàn )大(dà )将(jiāng )之(zhī )旗(qí )鼓(gǔ )，鼓(gǔ )行(háng )出(chū )井(jǐng )陉(xíng )口(kǒu )。赵(zhào )开(kāi )壁(bì )击(jī )之(zhī )，大(dà )战(zhàn )良(liáng )久(jiǔ )。于(yú )是(shì )信(xìn )与(yǔ )张(zhāng )耳(ěr )弃(qì )旗(qí )鼓(gǔ )，走(zǒu )水(shuǐ )上(shàng )。水(shuǐ )上(shàng )军(jūn )开(kāi )壁(bì )入(rù )之(zhī )，复(fù )疾(jí )战(zhàn )。赵(zhào )空(kōng )壁(bì )争(zhēng )汉(hàn )旗(qí )鼓(gǔ )，逐(zhú )韩(hán )信(xìn )、张(zhāng )耳(ěr )。韩(hán )信(xìn )、张(zhāng )耳(ěr )已(yǐ )入(rù )水(shuǐ )上(shàng )军(jūn )。军(jūn )皆(jiē )殊(shū )死(sǐ )战(zhàn )，不(bú )可(kě )败(bài )。信(xìn )所(suǒ )出(chū )奇(qí )兵(bīng )二(èr )千(qiān )骑(qí )，共(gòng )候(hòu )赵(zhào )空(kōng )壁(bì )逐(zhú )利(lì )，则(zé )驰(chí )入(rù )赵(zhào )壁(bì )，皆(jiē )拔(bá )赵(zhào )帜(zhì )，立(lì )汉(hàn )赤(chì )帜(zhì )两(liǎng )千(qiān )。赵(zhào )军(jūn )不(bú )得(dé )信(xìn )等(děng )，欲(yù )还(hái )归(guī )壁(bì )，壁(bì )皆(jiē )汉(hàn )赤(chì )帜(zhì )，而(ér )大(dà )惊(jīng )(太(tài )公(gōng )曰(yuē )：“夫(fū )两(liǎng )阵(zhèn )之(zhī )间(jiān )，出(chū )俾(bǐ )阵(zhèn )矣(yǐ )。纵(zòng )卒(zú )乱(luàn )行(háng )者(zhě )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )为(wéi )变(biàn )。”此(cǐ )之(zhī )谓(wèi )矣(yǐ )。)，以(yǐ )为(wéi )汉(hàn )皆(jiē )已(yǐ )得(dé )赵(zhào )主(zhǔ )将(jiāng )矣(yǐ )，遂(suí )乱(luàn )，遁(dùn )走(zǒu )，赵(zhào )将(jiāng )虽(suī )击(jī )斩(zhǎn )之(zhī )，不(bú )能(néng )禁(jìn )也(yě )(孙(sūn )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：“以(yǐ )治(zhì )待(dài )乱(luàn )，以(yǐ )静(jìng )待(dài )哗(huá )，此(cǐ )治(zhì )心(xīn )者(zhě )。”夫(fū )众(zhòng )心(xīn )已(yǐ )乱(luàn )，虽(suī )有(yǒu )良(liáng )将(jiāng )，亦(yì )不(bú )能(néng )为(wéi )之(zhī )计(jì )矣(yǐ )。)。于(yú )是(shì )汉(hàn )兵(bīng )夹(jiá )击(jī )，大(dà )破(pò )之(zhī )，斩(zhǎn )成(chéng )安(ān )君(jūn )泜(dǐ )水(shuǐ )上(shàng )，擒(qín )赵(zhào )王(wáng )歇(xiē )。

诸(zhū )将(jiāng )效(xiào )首(shǒu )虏(lǔ )，毕(bì )贺(hè )，因(yīn )问(wèn )信(xìn )曰(yuē )：“兵(bīng )法(fǎ )：‘右(yòu )背(bèi )山(shān )陵(líng )，前(qián )左(zuǒ )水(shuǐ )泽(zé )。’今(jīn )者(zhě )将(jiāng )军(jūn )令(lìng )臣(chén )等(děng )反(fǎn )背(bèi )水(shuǐ )阵(zhèn )，曰(yuē )：‘破(pò )赵(zhào )会(huì )食(shí )。’臣(chén )等(děng )不(bú )服(fú )。然(rán )竟(jìng )以(yǐ )胜(shèng )，此(cǐ )何(hé )术(shù )也(yě )？”信(xìn )曰(yuē )：“此(cǐ )在(zài )兵(bīng )法(fǎ )中(zhōng )，顾(gù )诸(zhū )君(jūn )不(bú )察(chá )耳(ěr )。兵(bīng )法(fǎ )不(bú )曰(yuē )：‘陷(xiàn )之(zhī )死(sǐ )地(dì )而(ér )后(hòu )生(shēng )，置(zhì )之(zhī )亡(wáng )地(dì )而(ér )后(hòu )存(cún )’(夫(fū )处(chù )死(sǐ )地(dì )者(zhě )，谓(wèi )力(lì )均(jūn )势(shì )敌(dí )，以(yǐ )死(sǐ )地(dì )取(qǔ )胜(shèng )可(kě )也(yě )。若(ruò )以(yǐ )至(zhì )弱(ruò )当(dāng )至(zhì )强(qiáng )，投(tóu )弱(ruò )兵(bīng )于(yú )死(sǐ )地(dì )，自(zì )贻(yí )陷(xiàn )矣(yǐ )。故(gù )孙(sūn )膑(bìn )曰(yuē )：“兵(bīng )恐(kǒng )，不(bú )可(kě )救(jiù )。”又(yòu )《经(jīng )》曰(yuē )：“大(dà )众(zhòng )陷(xiàn )于(yú )害(hài )，然(rán )后(hòu )能(néng )为(wéi )胜(shèng )败(bài )。”是(shì )知(zhī )死(sǐ )地(dì )之(zhī )机(jī )，必(bì )用(yòng )大(dà )众(zhòng )矣(yǐ )。)？且(qiě )信(xìn )非(fēi )得(dé )素(sù )抚(fǔ )循(xún )士(shì )大(dà )夫(fū )也(yě )，所(suǒ )谓(wèi )‘驱(qū )市(shì )人(rén )而(ér )战(zhàn )’，其(qí )势(shì )非(fēi )置(zhì )之(zhī )死(sǐ )地(dì )，使(shǐ )人(rén )人(rén )自(zì )为(wéi )战(zhàn )，今(jīn )与(yǔ )之(zhī )生(shēng )地(dì )，皆(jiē )走(zǒu )，宁(níng )尚(shàng )可(kě )得(dé )而(ér )用(yòng )之(zhī )乎(hū )？”诸(zhū )将(jiāng )曰(yuē )：“善(shàn )。非(fēi )所(suǒ )及(jí )也(yě )。”

(孙(sūn )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：“兵(bīng )甚(shèn )陷(xiàn )则(zé )不(bú )惧(jù )，不(bú )得(dé )已(yǐ )则(zé )斗(dòu )。”是(shì )故(gù )，其(qí )兵(bīng )不(bú )修(xiū )而(ér )戒(jiè )，不(bú )求(qiú )而(ér )得(dé )，不(bú )约(yuē )而(ér )亲(qīn )，不(bú )令(lìng )而(ér )信(xìn )。投(tóu )之(zhī )无(wú )往(wǎng )者(zhě )，诸(zhū )将(jiāng )之(zhī )勇(yǒng )也(yě )。此(cǐ )之(zhī )谓(wèi )矣(yǐ )。)

魏(wèi )太(tài )祖(zǔ )征(zhēng )张(zhāng )绣(xiù )，一(yī )朝(cháo )引(yǐn )军(jūn )退(tuì )，绣(xiù )自(zì )追(zhuī )之(zhī )。贾(jiǎ )诩(xǔ )曰(yuē )：“不(bú )可(kě )追(zhuī )也(yě )。”绣(xiù )不(bú )从(cóng )，果(guǒ )败(bài )而(ér )还(hái )。诩(xǔ )谓(wèi )绣(xiù )曰(yuē )：“促(cù )更(gèng )追(zhuī )之(zhī )，战(zhàn )必(bì )胜(shèng )。”绣(xiù )收(shōu )散(sàn )卒(zú )，赴(fù )追(zhuī )太(tài )祖(zǔ )，战(zhàn )果(guǒ )胜(shèng )。还(hái )，问(wèn )诩(xǔ )曰(yuē )：“绣(xiù )以(yǐ )精(jīng )兵(bīng )追(zhuī )退(tuì )军(jūn )，而(ér )公(gōng )曰(yuē )必(bì )败(bài )；退(tuì )以(yǐ )败(bài )卒(zú )击(jī )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )，而(ér )公(gōng )曰(yuē )必(bì )克(kè )。皆(jiē )如(rú )公(gōng )之(zhī )言(yán )，何(hé )其(qí )反(fǎn )而(ér )皆(jiē )验(yàn )也(yě )。”诩(xǔ )曰(yuē )：“此(cǐ )易(yì )知(zhī )耳(ěr )。军(jūn )势(shì )百(bǎi )途(tú )，事(shì )不(bú )一(yī )也(yě )。将(jiāng )军(jūn )虽(suī )善(shàn )用(yòng )兵(bīng )，非(fēi )曹(cáo )公(gōng )敌(dí )也(yě )。魏(wèi )军(jūn )新(xīn )退(tuì )，曹(cáo )公(gōng )必(bì )自(zì )断(duàn )其(qí )后(hòu )，追(zhuī )兵(bīng )虽(suī )精(jīng )，将(jiāng )既(jì )不(bú )敌(dí )，彼(bǐ )士(shì )亦(yì )锐(ruì )，故(gù )知(zhī )必(bì )败(bài )。曹(cáo )公(gōng )攻(gōng )将(jiāng )军(jūn )无(wú )失(shī )策(cè )，力(lì )未(wèi )尽(jìn )而(ér )还(hái )，必(bì )国(guó )内(nèi )有(yǒu )故(gù )也(yě )。既(jì )破(pò )将(jiāng )军(jūn )，必(bì )轻(qīng )军(jūn )速(sù )进(jìn )，留(liú )诸(zhū )将(jiāng )断(duàn )后(hòu )，诸(zhū )将(jiāng )虽(suī )勇(yǒng )，亦(yì )非(fēi )将(jiāng )军(jūn )敌(dí )也(yě )。故(gù )虽(suī )用(yòng )败(bài )兵(bīng )而(ér )胜(shèng )也(yě )。”绣(xiù )乃(nǎi )服(fú )其(qí )能(néng )。

此(cǐ )利(lì )害(hài )之(zhī )变(biàn )，故(gù )曰(yuē )：“陷(xiàn )之(zhī )死(sǐ )地(dì )而(ér )后(hòu )生(shēng )，杂(zá )于(yú )害(hài )而(ér )患(huàn )可(kě )解(jiě )。”此(cǐ )之(zhī )谓(wèi )也(yě )。

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