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《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )》曰(yuē )：“无(wú )傲(ào )礼(lǐ )。”《曲(qǔ )礼(lǐ )》曰(yuē )：“无(wú )不(bú )敬(jìng )。”然(rán )古(gǔ )人(rén )以(yǐ )傲(ào )为(wéi )礼(lǐ )，其(qí )故(gù )何(hé )也(yě )？欲(yù )彰(zhāng )于(yú )人(rén )德(dé )耳(ěr )。何(hé )以(yǐ )言(yán )之(zhī )？昔(xī )侯(hóu )嬴(yíng )为(wéi )大(dà )梁(liáng )夷(yí )门(mén )监(jiān )，魏(wèi )公(gōng )子(zǐ )闻(wén )之(zhī )，乃(nǎi )置(zhì )酒(jiǔ )大(dà )会(huì )，宾(bīn )客(kè )坐(zuò )定(dìng )，公(gōng )子(zǐ )从(cóng )车(chē )骑(qí )，虚(xū )左(zuǒ )，自(zì )迎(yíng )夷(yí )门(mén )侯(hóu )生(shēng )。侯(hóu )生(shēng )引(yǐn )公(gōng )子(zǐ )过(guò )市(shì )，及(jí )至(zhì )家(jiā )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )上(shàng )客(kè )。侯(hóu )生(shēng )谓(wèi )公(gōng )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：“今(jīn )日(rì )嬴(yíng )之(zhī )为(wéi )公(gōng )子(zǐ )亦(yì )足(zú )矣(yǐ )。嬴(yíng )乃(nǎi )夷(yí )门(mén )抱(bào )关(guān )者(zhě )也(yě )，而(ér )公(gōng )子(zǐ )亲(qīn )枉(wǎng )车(chē )骑(qí )。稠(chóu )人(rén )广(guǎng )众(zhòng )之(zhī )中(zhōng )，不(bú )宜(yí )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )过(guò )，今(jīn )公(gōng )子(zǐ )故(gù )过(guò )之(zhī )。然(rán )嬴(yíng )欲(yù )就(jiù )公(gōng )子(zǐ )之(zhī )名(míng )，故(gù )久(jiǔ )立(lì )公(gōng )子(zǐ )车(chē )骑(qí )市(shì )中(zhōng )，以(yǐ )观(guān )公(gōng )子(zǐ )，公(gōng )子(zǐ )愈(yù )恭(gōng )。市(shì )人(rén )皆(jiē )以(yǐ )嬴(yíng )为(wéi )小(xiǎo )人(rén )，而(ér )以(yǐ )公(gōng )子(zǐ )为(wéi )长(zhǎng )者(zhě )，能(néng )下(xià )士(shì )也(yě )。(初(chū )，公(gōng )子(zǐ )迎(yíng )侯(hóu )生(shēng )，侯(hóu )生(shēng )曰(yuē )：“臣(chén )有(yǒu )客(kè )在(zài )市(shì )屠(tú )中(zhōng )，愿(yuàn )枉(wǎng )车(chē )驾(jià )过(guò )之(zhī )。”侯(hóu )生(shēng )下(xià )见(jiàn )其(qí )客(kè )朱(zhū )亥(hài )，与(yǔ )之(zhī )语(yǔ )，微(wēi )察(chá )公(gōng )子(zǐ )，公(gōng )子(zǐ )色(sè )愈(yù )和(hé )。市(shì )人(rén )皆(jiē )观(guān )，从(cóng )骑(qí )窃(qiè )骂(mà )侯(hóu )生(shēng )，侯(hóu )生(shēng )视(shì )公(gōng )子(zǐ )色(sè )终(zhōng )不(bú )变(biàn )，乃(nǎi )谢(xiè )客(kè )就(jiù )车(chē )也(yě )。)

张(zhāng )释(shì )之(zhī )居(jū )廷(tíng )中(zhōng )，三(sān )公(gōng )九(jiǔ )卿(qīng )尽(jìn )会(huì )立(lì )，王(wáng )生(shēng )老(lǎo )人(rén )曰(yuē )：“吾(wú )袜(wà )解(jiě )。”顾(gù )谓(wèi )张(zhāng )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )为(wéi )我(wǒ )结(jié )袜(wà )。人(rén )或(huò )谓(wèi )王(wáng )生(shēng )曰(yuē )：“独(dú )奈(nài )何(hé )廷(tíng )辱(rǔ )张(zhāng )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )？”王(wáng )生(shēng )曰(yuē )：“吾(wú )老(lǎo )且(qiě )贱(jiàn )，自(zì )度(dù )终(zhōng )无(wú )益(yì )于(yú )张(zhāng )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )。张(zhāng )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )，方(fāng )今(jīn )天(tiān )下(xià )名(míng )臣(chén )。吾(wú )故(gù )聊(liáo )辱(rǔ )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )，使(shǐ )跪(guì )结(jié )袜(wà )，欲(yù )以(yǐ )重(zhòng )之(zhī )。”诸(zhū )公(gōng )闻(wén )之(zhī )，贤(xián )王(wáng )生(shēng )而(ér )重(zhòng )张(zhāng )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )。(汲(jí )黯(àn )常(cháng )与(yǔ )大(dà )将(jiāng )军(jūn )抗(kàng )礼(lǐ )，或(huò )谓(wèi )黯(àn )曰(yuē )：“自(zì )天(tiān )子(zǐ )常(cháng )欲(yù )令(lìng )群(qún )臣(chén )下(xià )大(dà )将(jiāng )军(jūn )，君(jūn )不(bú )可(kě )以(yǐ )不(bú )拜(bài )。”黯(àn )曰(yuē )：“夫(fū )以(yǐ )大(dà )将(jiāng )军(jūn )有(yǒu )揖(yī )客(kè )，反(fǎn )不(bú )重(zhòng )耶(yē )？”大(dà )将(jiāng )军(jūn )闻(wén )之(zhī )，愈(yù )贤(xián )黯(àn )也(yě )。)

由(yóu )是(shì )观(guān )之(zhī )，以(yǐ )傲(ào )为(wéi )礼(lǐ )，可(kě )以(yǐ )重(zhòng )人(rén )矣(yǐ )。

(议(yì )曰(yuē )：《老(lǎo )子(zǐ )》云(yún )：“国(guó )家(jiā )昏(hūn )乱(luàn )有(yǒu )忠(zhōng )臣(chén )，六(liù )亲(qīn )不(bú )和(hé )有(yǒu )孝(xiào )慈(cí )。”此(cǐ )言(yán )忠(zhōng )臣(chén )孝(xiào )子(zǐ )，因(yīn )不(bú )知(zhī )昏(hūn )乱(luàn )，乃(nǎi )见(jiàn )其(qí )节(jiē )。向(xiàng )使(shǐ )侯(hóu )生(shēng )不(bú )傲(ào )，则(zé )士(shì )人(rén )不(bú )知(zhī )公(gōng )子(zǐ )能(néng )下(xià )士(shì )也(yě )。使(shǐ )王(wáng )生(shēng )不(bú )倨(jù )，则(zé )三(sān )公(gōng )不(bú )知(zhī )廷(tíng )尉(wèi )能(néng )折(shé )节(jiē )也(yě )。故(gù )曰(yuē )：“不(bú )善(shàn )人(rén )者(zhě )，善(shàn )人(rén )之(zhī )资(zī )。”信(xìn )矣(yǐ )夫(fū )！)

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