《古文观止》 > 卷十·宋文一 > 《管仲论》 > 拼音版

管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )相(xiàng )桓(huán )公(gōng )，霸(bà )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )，攘(rǎng )夷(yí )狄(dí )，终(zhōng )其(qí )身(shēn )齐(qí )国(guó )富(fù )强(qiáng )，诸(zhū )侯(hóu )不(bú )敢(gǎn )叛(pàn )。管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )死(sǐ )，竖(shù )刁(diāo )、易(yì )牙(yá )、开(kāi )方(fāng )用(yòng )，威(wēi )公(gōng )薨(hōng )于(yú )乱(luàn )，五(wǔ )公(gōng )子(zǐ )争(zhēng )立(lì )，其(qí )祸(huò )蔓(màn )延(yán )，讫(qì )简(jiǎn )公(gōng )，齐(qí )无(wú )宁(níng )岁(suì )。夫(fū )功(gōng )之(zhī )成(chéng )，非(fēi )成(chéng )于(yú )成(chéng )之(zhī )日(rì )，盖(gài )必(bì )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )由(yóu )起(qǐ );祸(huò )之(zhī )作(zuò )，不(bú )作(zuò )于(yú )作(zuò )之(zhī )日(rì )，亦(yì )必(bì )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )由(yóu )兆(zhào )。故(gù )齐(qí )之(zhī )治(zhì )也(yě )，吾(wú )不(bú )曰(yuē )管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )，而(ér )曰(yuē )鲍(bào )叔(shū )。及(jí )其(qí )乱(luàn )也(yě )，吾(wú )不(bú )曰(yuē )竖(shù )刁(diāo )、易(yì )牙(yá )、开(kāi )方(fāng )，而(ér )曰(yuē )管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )。何(hé )则(zé )?竖(shù )刁(diāo )、易(yì )牙(yá )、开(kāi )方(fāng )三(sān )子(zǐ )，彼(bǐ )固(gù )乱(luàn )人(rén )国(guó )者(zhě )，顾(gù )其(qí )用(yòng )之(zhī )者(zhě )，威(wēi )公(gōng )也(yě )。夫(fū )有(yǒu )舜(shùn )而(ér )后(hòu )知(zhī )放(fàng )四(sì )凶(xiōng )，有(yǒu )仲(zhòng )尼(ní )而(ér )后(hòu )知(zhī )去(qù )少(shǎo )正(zhèng )卯(mǎo )。彼(bǐ )威(wēi )公(gōng )何(hé )人(rén )也(yě )?顾(gù )其(qí )使(shǐ )威(wēi )公(gōng )得(dé )用(yòng )三(sān )子(zǐ )者(zhě )，管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )也(yě )。仲(zhòng )之(zhī )疾(jí )也(yě )，公(gōng )问(wèn )之(zhī )相(xiàng )。当(dāng )是(shì )时(shí )也(yě )，吾(wú )意(yì )以(yǐ )仲(zhòng )且(qiě )举(jǔ )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )贤(xián )者(zhě )以(yǐ )对(duì )。而(ér )其(qí )言(yán )乃(nǎi )不(bú )过(guò )曰(yuē )：竖(shù )刁(diāo )、易(yì )牙(yá )、开(kāi )方(fāng )三(sān )子(zǐ )，非(fēi )人(rén )情(qíng )，不(bú )可(kě )近(jìn )而(ér )已(yǐ )。

呜(wū )呼(hū )!仲(zhòng )以(yǐ )为(wéi )威(wēi )公(gōng )果(guǒ )能(néng )不(bú )用(yòng )三(sān )子(zǐ )矣(yǐ )乎(hū )?仲(zhòng )与(yǔ )威(wēi )公(gōng )处(chù )几(jǐ )年(nián )矣(yǐ )，亦(yì )知(zhī )威(wēi )公(gōng )之(zhī )为(wéi )人(rén )矣(yǐ )乎(hū )?威(wēi )公(gōng )声(shēng )不(bú )绝(jué )于(yú )耳(ěr )，色(sè )不(bú )绝(jué )于(yú )目(mù )，而(ér )非(fēi )三(sān )子(zǐ )者(zhě )则(zé )无(wú )以(yǐ )遂(suí )其(qí )欲(yù )。彼(bǐ )其(qí )初(chū )之(zhī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )不(bú )用(yòng )者(zhě )，徒(tú )以(yǐ )有(yǒu )仲(zhòng )焉(yān )耳(ěr )。一(yī )日(rì )无(wú )仲(zhòng )，则(zé )三(sān )子(zǐ )者(zhě )可(kě )以(yǐ )弹(dàn )冠(guàn )而(ér )相(xiàng )庆(qìng )矣(yǐ )。仲(zhòng )以(yǐ )为(wéi )将(jiāng )死(sǐ )之(zhī )言(yán )可(kě )以(yǐ )絷(zhí )威(wēi )公(gōng )之(zhī )手(shǒu )足(zú )耶(yē )?夫(fū )齐(qí )国(guó )不(bú )患(huàn )有(yǒu )三(sān )子(zǐ )，而(ér )患(huàn )无(wú )仲(zhòng )。有(yǒu )仲(zhòng )，则(zé )三(sān )子(zǐ )者(zhě )，三(sān )匹(pǐ )夫(fū )耳(ěr )。不(bú )然(rán )，天(tiān )下(xià )岂(qǐ )少(shǎo )三(sān )子(zǐ )之(zhī )徒(tú )哉(zāi )?虽(suī )威(wēi )公(gōng )幸(xìng )而(ér )听(tīng )仲(zhòng )，诛(zhū )此(cǐ )三(sān )人(rén )，而(ér )其(qí )余(yú )者(zhě )，仲(zhòng )能(néng )悉(xī )数(shù )而(ér )去(qù )之(zhī )耶(yē )?呜(wū )呼(hū )!仲(zhòng )可(kě )谓(wèi )不(bú )知(zhī )本(běn )者(zhě )矣(yǐ )。因(yīn )威(wēi )公(gōng )之(zhī )问(wèn )，举(jǔ )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )贤(xián )者(zhě )以(yǐ )自(zì )代(dài )，则(zé )仲(zhòng )虽(suī )死(sǐ )，而(ér )齐(qí )国(guó )未(wèi )为(wéi )无(wú )仲(zhòng )也(yě )。夫(fū )何(hé )患(huàn )三(sān )子(zǐ )者(zhě )?不(bú )言(yán )可(kě )也(yě )。五(wǔ )伯(bó )莫(mò )盛(shèng )于(yú )威(wēi )、文(wén )，文(wén )公(gōng )之(zhī )才(cái )，不(bú )过(guò )威(wēi )公(gōng )，其(qí )臣(chén )又(yòu )皆(jiē )不(bú )及(jí )仲(zhòng );灵(líng )公(gōng )之(zhī )虐(nuè )，不(bú )如(rú )孝(xiào )公(gōng )之(zhī )宽(kuān )厚(hòu )。文(wén )公(gōng )死(sǐ )，诸(zhū )侯(hóu )不(bú )敢(gǎn )叛(pàn )晋(jìn )，晋(jìn )习(xí )文(wén )公(gōng )之(zhī )余(yú )威(wēi )，犹(yóu )得(dé )为(wéi )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )之(zhī )盟(méng )主(zhǔ )百(bǎi )余(yú )年(nián )。何(hé )者(zhě )?其(qí )君(jūn )虽(suī )不(bú )肖(xiāo )，而(ér )尚(shàng )有(yǒu )老(lǎo )成(chéng )人(rén )焉(yān )。威(wēi )公(gōng )之(zhī )薨(hōng )也(yě )，一(yī )乱(luàn )涂(tú )地(dì )，无(wú )惑(huò )也(yě )，彼(bǐ )独(dú )恃(shì )一(yī )管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )，而(ér )仲(zhòng )则(zé )死(sǐ )矣(yǐ )。

夫(fū )天(tiān )下(xià )未(wèi )尝(cháng )无(wú )贤(xián )者(zhě )，盖(gài )有(yǒu )有(yǒu )臣(chén )而(ér )无(wú )君(jūn )者(zhě )矣(yǐ )。威(wēi )公(gōng )在(zài )焉(yān )，而(ér )曰(yuē )天(tiān )下(xià )不(bú )复(fù )有(yǒu )管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )者(zhě )，吾(wú )不(bú )信(xìn )也(yě )。仲(zhòng )之(zhī )书(shū )，有(yǒu )记(jì )其(qí )将(jiāng )死(sǐ )论(lùn )鲍(bào )叔(shū )、宾(bīn )胥(xū )无(wú )之(zhī )为(wéi )人(rén )，且(qiě )各(gè )疏(shū )其(qí )短(duǎn )。是(shì )其(qí )心(xīn )以(yǐ )为(wéi )数(shù )子(zǐ )者(zhě )皆(jiē )不(bú )足(zú )以(yǐ )托(tuō )国(guó )。而(ér )又(yòu )逆(nì )知(zhī )其(qí )将(jiāng )死(sǐ )，则(zé )其(qí )书(shū )诞(dàn )谩(màn )不(bú )足(zú )信(xìn )也(yě )。吾(wú )观(guān )史(shǐ )鰌(qiū )，以(yǐ )不(bú )能(néng )进(jìn )蘧(qú )伯(bó )玉(yù )，而(ér )退(tuì )弥(mí )子(zǐ )瑕(xiá )，故(gù )有(yǒu )身(shēn )后(hòu )之(zhī )谏(jiàn )。萧(xiāo )何(hé )且(qiě )死(sǐ )，举(jǔ )曹(cáo )参(cān )以(yǐ )自(zì )代(dài )。大(dà )臣(chén )之(zhī )用(yòng )心(xīn )，固(gù )宜(yí )如(rú )此(cǐ )也(yě )。夫(fū )国(guó )以(yǐ )一(yī )人(rén )兴(xìng )，以(yǐ )一(yī )人(rén )亡(wáng )。贤(xián )者(zhě )不(bú )悲(bēi )其(qí )身(shēn )之(zhī )死(sǐ )，而(ér )忧(yōu )其(qí )国(guó )之(zhī )衰(shuāi )，故(gù )必(bì )复(fù )有(yǒu )贤(xián )者(zhě )，而(ér )后(hòu )可(kě )以(yǐ )死(sǐ )。彼(bǐ )管(guǎn )仲(zhòng )者(zhě )，何(hé )以(yǐ )死(sǐ )哉(zāi )?

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