《古文观止》 > 卷八·唐文 > 《圬者王承福传》 > 拼音版

圬(wū )之(zhī )为(wéi )技(jì )贱(jiàn )且(qiě )劳(láo )者(zhě )也(yě )。有(yǒu )业(yè )之(zhī )，其(qí )色(sè )若(ruò )自(zì )得(dé )者(zhě )。听(tīng )其(qí )言(yán )，约(yuē )而(ér )尽(jìn )。问(wèn )之(zhī )，王(wáng )其(qí )姓(xìng )。承(chéng )福(fú )其(qí )名(míng )。世(shì )为(wéi )京(jīng )兆(zhào )长(zhǎng )安(ān )农(nóng )夫(fū )。天(tiān )宝(bǎo )之(zhī )乱(luàn )，发(fā )人(rén )为(wéi )兵(bīng )。持(chí )弓(gōng )矢(shǐ )十(shí )叁(sān )年(nián )，有(yǒu )官(guān )勋(xūn )，弃(qì )之(zhī )来(lái )归(guī )。丧(sàng )其(qí )土(tǔ )田(tián )，手(shǒu )衣(yī )食(shí )，馀(yú )叁(sān )十(shí )年(nián )。舍(shě )于(yú )市(shì )之(zhī )主(zhǔ )人(rén )，而(ér )归(guī )其(qí )屋(wū )食(shí )之(zhī )当(dāng )焉(yān )。视(shì )时(shí )屋(wū )食(shí )之(zhī )贵(guì )贱(jiàn )，而(ér )上(shàng )下(xià )其(qí )圬(wū )之(zhī )以(yǐ )偿(cháng )之(zhī );有(yǒu )馀(yú )，则(zé )以(yǐ )与(yǔ )道(dào )路(lù )之(zhī )废(fèi )疾(jí )饿(è )者(zhě )焉(yān )。

又(yòu )曰(yuē )：“粟(sù )，稼(jià )而(ér )生(shēng )者(zhě )也(yě );若(ruò )市(shì )与(yǔ )帛(bó )。必(bì )蚕(cán )绩(jì )而(ér )后(hòu )成(chéng )者(zhě )也(yě );其(qí )他(tā )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )养(yǎng )生(shēng )之(zhī )具(jù )，皆(jiē )待(dài )人(rén )力(lì )而(ér )后(hòu )完(wán )也(yě );吾(wú )皆(jiē )赖(lài )之(zhī )。然(rán )人(rén )不(bú )可(kě )遍(biàn )为(wéi )，宜(yí )乎(hū )各(gè )致(zhì )其(qí )能(néng )以(yǐ )相(xiàng )生(shēng )也(yě )。故(gù )君(jūn )者(zhě )，理(lǐ )我(wǒ )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )生(shēng )者(zhě )也(yě );而(ér )百(bǎi )官(guān )者(zhě )，承(chéng )君(jūn )之(zhī )化(huà )者(zhě )也(yě )。任(rèn )有(yǒu )大(dà )小(xiǎo )，惟(wéi )其(qí )所(suǒ )能(néng )，若(ruò )器(qì )皿(mǐn )焉(yān )。食(shí )焉(yān )而(ér )怠(dài )其(qí )事(shì )，必(bì )有(yǒu )天(tiān )殃(yāng )，故(gù )吾(wú )不(bú )敢(gǎn )一(yī )日(rì )舍(shě )镘(màn )以(yǐ )嬉(xī )。夫(fū )镘(màn )易(yì )能(néng )，可(kě )力(lì )焉(yān )，又(yòu )诚(chéng )有(yǒu )功(gōng );取(qǔ )其(qí )直(zhí )虽(suī )劳(láo )无(wú )愧(kuì )，吾(wú )心(xīn )安(ān )焉(yān )夫(fū )力(lì )易(yì )强(qiáng )而(ér )有(yǒu )功(gōng )也(yě );心(xīn )难(nán )强(qiáng )而(ér )有(yǒu )智(zhì )也(yě )。用(yòng )力(lì )者(zhě )使(shǐ )于(yú )人(rén )，用(yòng )心(xīn )者(zhě )使(shǐ )人(rén )，亦(yì )其(qí )宜(yí )也(yě )。吾(wú )特(tè )择(zé )其(qí )易(yì )为(wéi )无(wú )傀(guī )者(zhě )取(qǔ )焉(yān )。

“嘻(xī )!吾(wú )操(cāo )镘(màn )以(yǐ )入(rù )富(fù )贵(guì )之(zhī )家(jiā )有(yǒu )年(nián )矣(yǐ )。有(yǒu )一(yī )至(zhì )者(zhě )焉(yān )，又(yòu )往(wǎng )过(guò )之(zhī )，则(zé )为(wéi )墟(xū )矣(yǐ );有(yǒu )再(zài )至(zhì )、叁(sān )至(zhì )者(zhě )焉(yān )，而(ér )往(wǎng )过(guò )之(zhī )，则(zé )为(wéi )墟(xū )矣(yǐ )。问(wèn )之(zhī )其(qí )邻(lín )，或(huò )曰(yuē )：“噫(yī )!刑(xíng )戮(lù )也(yě )。”或(huò )曰(yuē )：“身(shēn )既(jì )死(sǐ )，而(ér )其(qí )子(zǐ )孙(sūn )不(bú )能(néng )有(yǒu )也(yě )。”或(huò )曰(yuē )：“死(sǐ )而(ér )归(guī )之(zhī )官(guān )也(yě )。”吾(wú )以(yǐ )是(shì )观(guān )之(zhī )，非(fēi )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )食(shí )焉(yān )怠(dài )其(qí )事(shì )，而(ér )得(dé )天(tiān )殃(yāng )者(zhě )邪(xié )?非(fēi )强(qiáng )心(xīn )以(yǐ )智(zhì )而(ér )不(bú )足(zú )，不(bú )择(zé )其(qí )才(cái )之(zhī )称(chēng )否(fǒu )而(ér )冒(mào )之(zhī )者(zhě )邪(xié )?非(fēi )多(duō )行(háng )可(kě )愧(kuì )，知(zhī )其(qí )不(bú )可(kě )而(ér )强(qiáng )为(wéi )之(zhī )者(zhě )邪(xié )?将(jiāng )富(fù )贵(guì )难(nán )守(shǒu )，薄(báo )宝(bǎo )而(ér )厚(hòu )飨(xiǎng )之(zhī )者(zhě )邪(xié )?抑(yì )丰(fēng )悴(cuì )有(yǒu )时(shí )，一(yī )去(qù )一(yī )来(lái )而(ér )不(bú )可(kě )常(cháng )者(zhě )邪(xié )?吾(wú )之(zhī )心(xīn )悯(mǐn )焉(yān )，是(shì )故(gù )择(zé )其(qí )力(lì )之(zhī )可(kě )能(néng )者(zhě )行(háng )焉(yān )。乐(lè )富(fù )贵(guì )而(ér )悲(bēi )贫(pín )贱(jiàn )，我(wǒ )岂(qǐ )异(yì )于(yú )人(rén )哉(zāi )?”

又(yòu )曰(yuē )：“功(gōng )大(dà )者(zhě )，其(qí )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )自(zì )奉(fèng )也(yě )博(bó )。妻(qī )与(yǔ )子(zǐ )，皆(jiē )养(yǎng )于(yú )我(wǒ )者(zhě )也(yě );吾(wú )能(néng )薄(báo )而(ér )功(gōng )小(xiǎo )，不(bú )有(yǒu )之(zhī )可(kě )也(yě )。又(yòu )吾(wú )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )劳(láo )力(lì )者(zhě )，若(ruò )立(lì )吾(wú )家(jiā )而(ér )力(lì )不(bú )足(zú )，则(zé )心(xīn )又(yòu )劳(láo )也(yě )。”一(yī )身(shēn )而(ér )二(èr )任(rèn )焉(yān )，虽(suī )圣(shèng )者(zhě )石(shí )可(kě )为(wéi )也(yě )。

愈(yù )始(shǐ )闻(wén )而(ér )惑(huò )之(zhī )，又(yòu )从(cóng )而(ér )思(sī )之(zhī )，盖(gài )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )“独(dú )善(shàn )其(qí )身(shēn )”者(zhě )也(yě )。然(rán )吾(wú )有(yǒu )讥(jī )焉(yān );谓(wèi )其(qí )自(zì )为(wéi )也(yě )过(guò )多(duō )，其(qí )为(wéi )人(rén )也(yě )过(guò )少(shǎo )。其(qí )学(xué )杨(yáng )朱(zhū )之(zhī )道(dào )者(zhě )邪(xié )?杨(yáng )之(zhī )道(dào )，不(bú )肯(kěn )拔(bá )我(wǒ )一(yī )毛(máo )而(ér )利(lì )天(tiān )下(xià )。而(ér )夫(fū )人(rén )以(yǐ )有(yǒu )家(jiā )为(wéi )劳(láo )心(xīn )，不(bú )肯(kěn )一(yī )动(dòng )其(qí )心(xīn )以(yǐ )蓄(xù )其(qí )妻(qī )子(zǐ )，其(qí )肯(kěn )劳(láo )其(qí )心(xīn )以(yǐ )为(wéi )人(rén )乎(hū )哉(zāi )?虽(suī )然(rán )，其(qí )贤(xián )于(yú )世(shì )者(zhě )之(zhī )患(huàn )不(bú )得(dé )之(zhī )，而(ér )患(huàn )失(shī )之(zhī )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )济(jì )其(qí )生(shēng )之(zhī )欲(yù )，贪(tān )邪(xié )而(ér )亡(wáng )道(dào )以(yǐ )丧(sàng )其(qí )身(shēn )者(zhě )，其(qí )亦(yì )远(yuǎn )矣(yǐ )!又(yòu )其(qí )言(yán )，有(yǒu )可(kě )以(yǐ )警(jǐng )余(yú )者(zhě )，故(gù )余(yú )为(wéi )之(zhī )传(chuán )而(ér )自(zì )鉴(jiàn )焉(yān )。

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