史记拼音版-注音版本（两汉·司马迁）

《史(shǐ )记(jì )》，二(èr )十(shí )四(sì )史(shǐ )之(zhī )一(yī )，最(zuì )初(chū )称(chēng )为(wéi )《太(tài )史(shǐ )公(gōng )书(shū )》或(huò )《太(tài )史(shǐ )公(gōng )记(jì )》、《太(tài )史(shǐ )记(jì )》，是(shì )西(xī )汉(hàn )史(shǐ )学(xué )家(jiā )司(sī )马(mǎ )迁(qiān )撰(zhuàn )写(xiě )的(de )纪(jì )传(chuán )体(tǐ )史(shǐ )书(shū )，是(shì )中(zhōng )国(guó )历(lì )史(shǐ )上(shàng )第(dì )一(yī )部(bù )纪(jì )传(chuán )体(tǐ )通(tōng )史(shǐ )，记(jì )载(zǎi )了(le )上(shàng )至(zhì )上(shàng )古(gǔ )传(chuán )说(shuō )中(zhōng )的(de )黄(huáng )帝(dì )时(shí )代(dài )，下(xià )至(zhì )汉(hàn )武(wǔ )帝(dì )太(tài )初(chū )四(sì )年(nián )间(jiān )共(gòng )3000多(duō )年(nián )的(de )历(lì )史(shǐ )。太(tài )初(chū )元(yuán )年(nián )（前(qián )104年(nián )），司(sī )马(mǎ )迁(qiān )开(kāi )始(shǐ )了(le )《太(tài )史(shǐ )公(gōng )书(shū )》即(jí )后(hòu )来(lái )被(bèi )称(chēng )为(wéi )《史(shǐ )记(jì )》的(de )史(shǐ )书(shū )创(chuàng )作(zuò )。该(gāi )著(zhe )作(zuò )前(qián )后(hòu )经(jīng )历(lì )了(le )14年(nián )，才(cái )得(dé )以(yǐ )完(wán )成(chéng )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )》全(quán )书(shū )包(bāo )括(kuò )十(shí )二(èr )本(běn )纪(jì )（记(jì )历(lì )代(dài )帝(dì )王(wáng )政(zhèng )绩(jì )）、三(sān )十(shí )世(shì )家(jiā )（记(jì )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )国(guó )和(hé )汉(hàn )代(dài )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )、勋(xūn )贵(guì )兴(xìng )亡(wáng )）、七(qī )十(shí )列(liè )传(chuán )（记(jì )重(zhòng )要(yào )人(rén )物(wù )的(de )言(yán )行(háng )事(shì )迹(jì )，主(zhǔ )要(yào )叙(xù )人(rén )臣(chén )，其(qí )中(zhōng )最(zuì )后(hòu )一(yī )篇(piān )为(wéi )自(zì )序(xù )）、十(shí )表(biǎo )（大(dà )事(shì )年(nián )表(biǎo )）、八(bā )书(shū )（记(jì )各(gè )种(zhǒng )典(diǎn )章(zhāng )制(zhì )度(dù )记(jì )礼(lǐ )、乐(lè )、音(yīn )律(lǜ )、历(lì )法(fǎ )、天(tiān )文(wén )、封(fēng )禅(chán )、水(shuǐ )利(lì )、财(cái )用(yòng )）。《史(shǐ )记(jì )》共(gòng )一(yī )百(bǎi )三(sān )十(shí )篇(piān )，五(wǔ )十(shí )二(èr )万(wàn )六(liù )千(qiān )五(wǔ )百(bǎi )余(yú )字(zì )，比(bǐ )《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )》多(duō )三(sān )十(shí )九(jiǔ )万(wàn )五(wǔ )千(qiān )余(yú )字(zì )，比(bǐ )《吕(lǚ )氏(shì )春(chūn )秋(qiū )》多(duō )二(èr )十(shí )八(bā )万(wàn )八(bā )千(qiān )余(yú )字(zì )。《史(shǐ )记(jì )》规(guī )模(mó )巨(jù )大(dà )，体(tǐ )系(xì )完(wán )备(bèi )，而(ér )且(qiě )对(duì )此(cǐ )后(hòu )的(de )纪(jì )传(chuán )体(tǐ )史(shǐ )书(shū )影(yǐng )响(xiǎng )很(hěn )深(shēn )，历(lì )朝(cháo )正(zhèng )史(shǐ )皆(jiē )采(cǎi )用(yòng )这(zhè )种(zhǒng )体(tǐ )裁(cái )撰(zhuàn )写(xiě )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )》被(bèi )列(liè )为(wéi )“二(èr )十(shí )四(sì )史(shǐ )”之(zhī )首(shǒu )，与(yǔ )《汉(hàn )书(shū )》、《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )》、《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )》合(hé )称(chēng )“前(qián )四(sì )史(shǐ )” ，对(duì )后(hòu )世(shì )史(shǐ )学(xué )和(hé )文(wén )学(xué )的(de )发(fā )展(zhǎn )都(dōu )产(chǎn )生(shēng )了(le )深(shēn )远(yuǎn )影(yǐng )响(xiǎng )。其(qí )首(shǒu )创(chuàng )的(de )纪(jì )传(chuán )体(tǐ )编(biān )史(shǐ )方(fāng )法(fǎ )为(wéi )后(hòu )来(lái )历(lì )代(dài )“正(zhèng )史(shǐ )”所(suǒ )传(chuán )承(chéng )。《史(shǐ )记(jì )》还(hái )被(bèi )认(rèn )为(wéi )是(shì )一(yī )部(bù )优(yōu )秀(xiù )的(de )文(wén )学(xué )著(zhe )作(zuò )，在(zài )中(zhōng )国(guó )文(wén )学(xué )史(shǐ )上(shàng )有(yǒu )重(zhòng )要(yào )地(dì )位(wèi )，被(bèi )鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )誉(yù )为(wéi )“史(shǐ )家(jiā )之(zhī )绝(jué )唱(chàng )，无(wú )韵(yùn )之(zhī )《离(lí )骚(sāo )》”，有(yǒu )很(hěn )高(gāo )的(de )文(wén )学(xué )价(jià )值(zhí )。刘(liú )向(xiàng )等(děng )人(rén )认(rèn )为(wéi )此(cǐ )书(shū )“善(shàn )序(xù )事(shì )理(lǐ )，辩(biàn )而(ér )不(bú )华(huá )，质(zhì )而(ér )不(bú )俚(lǐ )”。

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