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《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )》是(shì )中(zhōng )国(guó )古(gǔ )代(dài )论(lùn )述(shù )人(rén )生(shēng )修(xiū )养(yǎng )境(jìng )界(jiè )的(de )一(yī )部(bù )道(dào )德(dé )哲(zhé )学(xué )专(zhuān )著(zhe )，原(yuán )属(shǔ )《礼(lǐ )记(jì )》第(dì )三(sān )十(shí )一(yī )篇(piān )，是(shì )儒(rú )家(jiā )经(jīng )典(diǎn )之(zhī )一(yī )，相(xiàng )传(chuán )为(wéi )战(zhàn )国(guó )时(shí )期(qī )子(zǐ )思(sī )所(suǒ )作(zuò )。其(qí )内(nèi )容(róng )肯(kěn )定(dìng )“中(zhōng )庸(yōng )”是(shì )道(dào )德(dé )行(háng )为(wéi )的(de )最(zuì )高(gāo )标(biāo )准(zhǔn )，把(bǎ )“诚(chéng )”看(kàn )成(chéng )是(shì )世(shì )界(jiè )的(de )本(běn )体(tǐ )，认(rèn )为(wéi )“至(zhì )诚(chéng )”则(zé )达(dá )到(dào )人(rén )生(shēng )的(de )最(zuì )高(gāo )境(jìng )界(jiè )，并(bìng )提(tí )出(chū )“博(bó )学(xué )之(zhī )，审(shěn )问(wèn )之(zhī )，慎(shèn )思(sī )之(zhī )，明(míng )辨(biàn )之(zhī )，笃(dǔ )行(háng )之(zhī )”的(de )学(xué )习(xí )过(guò )程(chéng )和(hé )认(rèn )识(shí )方(fāng )法(fǎ )。

宋(sòng )代(dài )学(xué )者(zhě )将(jiāng )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )》从(cóng )《礼(lǐ )记(jì )》中(zhōng )抽(chōu )出(chū )，与(yǔ )《大(dà )学(xué )》《论(lùn )语(yǔ )》《孟(mèng )子(zǐ )》合(hé )称(chēng )为(wéi )“四(sì )书(shū )”。宋(sòng )元(yuán )以(yǐ )后(hòu )，成(chéng )为(wéi )学(xué )校(xiào )官(guān )定(dìng )的(de )教(jiāo )科(kē )书(shū )和(hé )科(kē )举(jǔ )考(kǎo )试(shì )的(de )必(bì )读(dú )书(shū )，对(duì )中(zhōng )国(guó )古(gǔ )代(dài )教(jiāo )育(yù )和(hé )社(shè )会(huì )产(chǎn )生(shēng )了(le )极(jí )大(dà )的(de )影(yǐng )响(xiǎng )。该(gāi )作(zuò )品(pǐn )的(de )主(zhǔ )要(yào )注(zhù )本(běn )有(yǒu )程(chéng )颢(hào )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )义(yì )》、程(chéng )颐(yí )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )解(jiě )义(yì )》、朱(zhū )熹(xī )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )章(zhāng )句(jù )》、李(lǐ )塨(gōng )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )传(chuán )注(zhù )》、戴(dài )震(zhèn )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )补(bǔ )注(zhù )》、康(kāng )有(yǒu )为(wéi )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )注(zhù )》、马(mǎ )其(qí )昶(chǎng )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )谊(yì )诂(gǔ )》和(hé )胡(hú )怀(huái )琛(chēn )《中(zhōng )庸(yōng )浅(qiǎn )说(shuō )》等(děng )。

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