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1.秦(qín )汉(hàn )时(shí )爵(jué )制(zhì )分(fèn )二(èr )十(shí )级(jí )，自(zì )一(yī )级(jí )公(gōng )士(shì )以(yǐ )上(shàng )有(yǒu )爵(jué )位(wèi )的(de )人(rén )皆(jiē )称(chēng )命(mìng )家(jiā )。

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·食(shí )货(huò )志(zhì )上(shàng )》：“令(lìng )命(mìng )家(jiā )田(tián )三(sān )辅(fǔ )公(gōng )田(tián )。”

颜(yán )师(shī )古(gǔ )注(zhù )引(yǐn )韦(wéi )昭(zhāo )曰(yuē )：“命(mìng )谓(wèi )爵(jué )命(mìng )者(zhě )。命(mìng )家(jiā )，谓(wèi )受(shòu )爵(jué )命(mìng )一(yī )爵(jué )为(wéi )公(gōng )士(shì )以(yǐ )上(shàng )。令(lìng )得(dé )田(tián )公(gōng )田(tián )，优(yōu )之(zhī )也(yě )。”

2.犹(yóu )名(míng )家(jiā )。谓(wèi )自(zì )成(chéng )一(yī )家(jiā )，着(zhe )名(míng )于(yú )世(shì )。

汤(tāng )用(yòng )彤(tóng )《汉(hàn )魏(wèi )两(liǎng )晋(jìn )南(nán )北(běi )朝(cháo )佛(fó )教(jiāo )史(shǐ )》第(dì )二(èr )分(fèn )第(dì )十(shí )四(sì )章(zhāng )：“逮(dǎi )及(jí )魏(wèi )末(mò )齐(qí )初(chū )，渤(bó )海(hǎi )明(míng )彦(yàn )称(chēng )为(wéi )《成(chéng )实(shí )》元(yuán )绪(xù )，彭(péng )城(chéng )慧(huì )嵩(sōng )号(hào )为(wéi )《毗(pí )昙(tán )》孔(kǒng )子(zǐ )，而(ér )合(hé )水(shuǐ )法(fǎ )上(shàng )、净(jìng )影(yǐng )、慧(huì )远(yuǎn )，均(jūn )以(yǐ )《涅(niè )槃(pán )》命(mìng )家(jiā )。”

汤(tāng )用(yòng )彤(tóng )《汉(hàn )魏(wèi )两(liǎng )晋(jìn )南(nán )北(běi )朝(cháo )佛(fó )教(jiāo )史(shǐ )》第(dì )二(èr )分(fèn )第(dì )十(shí )八(bā )章(zhāng )：“小(xiǎo )山(shān )法(fǎ )瑶(yáo )着(zhe )《大(dà )品(pǐn )疏(shū )》，然(rán )亦(yì )以(yǐ )《涅(niè )槃(pán )》命(mìng )家(jiā )。”

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