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(上(shàng )计(jì )，上(shàng )计(jì ))

I

上(shàng )策(cè )。

《战(zhàn )国(guó )策(cè )·西(xī )周(zhōu )策(cè )》：“赵(zhào )之(zhī )上(shàng )计(jì )，莫(mò )如(rú )令(lìng )秦(qín )魏(wèi )复(fù )战(zhàn )。”

《南(nán )史(shǐ )·王(wáng )敬(jìng )则(zé )传(chuán )》：“敬(jìng )则(zé )曰(yuē )：‘檀(tán )公(gōng )三(sān )十(shí )六(liù )策(cè )，走(zǒu )是(shì )上(shàng )计(jì )，汝(rǔ )父(fù )子(zǐ )唯(wéi )应(yīng )急(jí )走(zǒu )耳(ěr )。’”

II

1.战(zhàn )国(guó )、秦(qín )、汉(hàn )时(shí )地(dì )方(fāng )官(guān )于(yú )年(nián )终(zhōng )将(jiāng )境(jìng )内(nèi )户(hù )口(kǒu )、赋(fù )税(shuì )、盗(dào )贼(zéi )、狱(yù )讼(sòng )等(děng )项(xiàng )编(biān )造(zào )计(jì )簿(bù )，遣(qiǎn )吏(lì )逐(zhú )级(jí )上(shàng )报(bào )，奏(zòu )呈(chéng )朝(cháo )廷(tíng )，借(jiè )资(zī )考(kǎo )绩(jì )，谓(wèi )之(zhī )上(shàng )计(jì )。

《晏(yàn )子(zǐ )春(chūn )秋(qiū )·外(wài )篇(piān )上(shàng )二(èr )十(shí )》：“晏(yàn )子(zǐ )对(duì )曰(yuē )：‘臣(chén )请(qǐng )改(gǎi )道(dào )易(yì )行(háng )而(ér )治(zhì )东(dōng )阿(ā )，三(sān )年(nián )不(bú )治(zhì )，臣(chén )请(qǐng )死(sǐ )之(zhī )。’景(jǐng )公(gōng )许(xǔ )。于(yú )是(shì )明(míng )年(nián )上(shàng )计(jì )，景(jǐng )公(gōng )迎(yíng )而(ér )贤(xián )之(zhī )。”

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·人(rén )间(jiān )训(xùn )》：“解(jiě )扁(biǎn )为(wéi )东(dōng )封(fēng )，上(shàng )计(jì )而(ér )入(rù )三(sān )倍(bèi )，有(yǒu )司(sī )请(qǐng )赏(shǎng )之(zhī )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·百(bǎi )官(guān )志(zhì )五(wǔ )》：“﹝州(zhōu )郡(jùn )属(shǔ )官(guān )﹞本(běn )注(zhù )曰(yuē )：皆(jiē )掌(zhǎng )治(zhì )民(mín )，显(xiǎn )善(shàn )劝(quàn )义(yì )，禁(jìn )姦(jiān )罚(fá )恶(è )，理(lǐ )讼(sòng )平(píng )贼(zéi )，恤(xù )民(mín )时(shí )务(wù )，秋(qiū )冬(dōng )集(jí )课(kè )，上(shàng )计(jì )于(yú )所(suǒ )属(shǔ )郡(jùn )国(guó )。”

刘(liú )昭(zhāo )注(zhù )引(yǐn )胡(hú )广(guǎng )曰(yuē )：“秋(qiū )冬(dōng )岁(suì )尽(jìn )，各(gè )计(jì )县(xiàn )户(hù )口(kǒu )垦(kěn )田(tián )，钱(qián )穀(yù )入(rù )出(chū )，盗(dào )贼(zéi )多(duō )少(shǎo )，上(shàng )其(qí )集(jí )薄(báo )。”

唐(táng )杜(dù )甫(fǔ )《阴(yīn )雨(yǔ )不(bú )得(dé )归(guī )瀼(nǎng )西(xī )甘(gān )林(lín )》诗(shī )：“诸(zhū )侯(hóu )旧(jiù )上(shàng )计(jì )，厥(jué )贡(gòng )倾(qīng )千(qiān )林(lín )。”

清(qīng )吴(wú )伟(wěi )业(yè )《鲁(lǔ )谦(qiān )庵(ān )使(shǐ )君(jūn )以(yǐ )云(yún )间(jiān )山(shān )人(rén )陆(lù )天(tiān )乙(yǐ )所(suǒ )画(huà )虞(yú )山(shān )图(tú )索(suǒ )歌(gē )》：“一(yī )官(guān )三(sān )载(zǎi )今(jīn )上(shàng )计(jì )，粉(fěn )本(běn )溪(xī )山(shān )坐(zuò )卧(wò )持(chí )。”

2.上(shàng )计(jì )吏(lì )之(zhī )省(shěng )称(chēng )。

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·和(hé )帝(dì )纪(jì )》：“﹝永(yǒng )元(yuán )十(shí )四(sì )年(nián )﹞是(shì )岁(suì )，初(chū )复(fù )郡(jùn )国(guó )上(shàng )计(jì )补(bǔ )郎(láng )官(guān )。”

刘(liú )昭(zhāo )注(zhù )：“上(shàng )计(jì )，今(jīn )计(jì )吏(lì )也(yě )。”

《北(běi )堂(táng )书(shū )钞(chāo )》七(qī )九(jiǔ )引(yǐn )北(běi )魏(wèi )阚(kàn )駰(yīn )《十(shí )三(sān )州(zhōu )志(zhì )》：“上(shàng )计(jì )，古(gǔ )之(zhī )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )之(zhī )奏(zòu )使(shǐ )也(yě )，汉(hàn )因(yīn )之(zhī )，号(hào )曰(yuē )计(jì )偕(xié )。”

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