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I

侍(shì )奉(fèng )君(jūn )主(zhǔ )以(yǐ )赞(zàn )助(zhù )礼(lǐ )仪(yí )的(de )人(rén )。卜(bo )，通(tōng )“僕(pú )”。

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·檀(tán )弓(gōng )上(shàng )》：“扶(fú )君(jūn )，卜(bo )人(rén )师(shī )扶(fú )右(yòu )，射(shè )人(rén )师(shī )扶(fú )左(zuǒ )，君(jūn )薨(hōng )以(yǐ )是(shì )举(jǔ )。”

陆(lù )德(dé )明(míng )释(shì )文(wén )：“卜(bo )人(rén )师(shī )，依(yī )注(zhù )音(yīn )僕(pú )；师(shī )，长(zhǎng )也(yě )，谓(wèi )大(dà )僕(pú )也(yě )。”

II

1.周(zhōu )代(dài )协(xié )助(zhù )大(dà )卜(bo )、卜(bo )师(shī )行(háng )事(shì )的(de )官(guān )员(yuán )。

《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·春(chūn )官(guān )·序(xù )官(guān )》：“太(tài )卜(bo )下(xià )大(dà )夫(fū )二(èr )人(rén )，卜(bo )师(shī )上(shàng )士(shì )四(sì )人(rén )，卜(bo )人(rén )中(zhōng )士(shì )八(bā )人(rén )。”

贾(jiǎ )公(gōng )彦(yàn )疏(shū )：“此(cǐ )大(dà )卜(bo )有(yǒu )卜(bo )师(shī )及(jí )卜(bo )人(rén )，皆(jiē )士(shì )官(guān )，而(ér )卜(bo )人(rén )无(wú )别(bié )职(zhí )者(zhě )，以(yǐ )其(qí )助(zhù )大(dà )卜(bo )、卜(bo )师(shī )行(háng )事(shì )故(gù )也(yě )。”

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·玉(yù )藻(zǎo )》：“卜(bo )人(rén )定(dìng )龟(guī )，史(shǐ )定(dìng )墨(mò )，君(jūn )定(dìng )体(tǐ )。”

2.擅(shàn )长(zhǎng )占(zhàn )卜(bo )的(de )人(rén )；卖(mài )卜(bo )者(zhě )。

《太(tài )平(píng )广(guǎng )记(jì )》卷(juàn )一(yī )六(liù )○引(yǐn )五(wǔ )代(dài )范(fàn )资(zī )《玉(yù )堂(táng )闲(xián )话(huà )·灌(guàn )园(yuán )婴(yīng )女(nǚ )》：“乃(nǎi )诣(yì )善(shàn )《易(yì )》者(zhě )以(yǐ )决(jué )之(zhī )。卜(bo )人(rén )曰(yuē )：‘伉(kàng )俪(lì )之(zhī )道(dào )，亦(yì )係(xì )宿(xiǔ )缘(yuán )。君(jūn )之(zhī )室(shì )，始(shǐ )生(shēng )二(èr )岁(suì )矣(yǐ )。’”宋(sòng )范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )《送(sòng )河(hé )涉(shè )秀(xiù )才(cái )》诗(shī )：“贤(xián )良(liáng )诏(zhào )下(xià )先(xiān )生(shēng )起(qǐ )，休(xiū )向(xiàng )成(chéng )都(dōu )问(wèn )卜(bo )人(rén )。”

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●卜人（简体版）