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(参(cān )见(jiàn )硃(zhū )墨(mò ))

1.朱(zhū )笔(bǐ )和(hé )墨(mò )笔(bǐ )。用(yòng )于(yú )书(shū )籍(jí )的(de )批(pī )点(diǎn )或(huò )编(biān )撰(zhuàn )，以(yǐ )便(biàn )省(shěng )览(lǎn )。

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·魏(wèi )志(zhì )·王(wáng )肃(sù )传(chuán )》“历(lì )注(zhù )经(jīng )传(chuán )，颇(pō )传(chuán )于(yú )世(shì )”裴(péi )松(sōng )之(zhī )注(zhù )引(yǐn )三(sān )国(guó )魏(wèi )鱼(yú )豢(huàn )《魏(wèi )略(luè )》：“初(chū )，遇(yù )善(shàn )治(zhì )《老(lǎo )子(zǐ )》，为(wéi )《老(lǎo )子(zǐ )》作(zuò )训(xùn )注(zhù )。又(yòu )善(shàn )《左(zuǒ )氏(shì )传(chuán )》，更(gèng )为(wéi )作(zuò )朱(zhū )墨(mò )别(bié )异(yì )。”

唐(táng )刘(liú )知(zhī )几(jǐ )《史(shǐ )通(tōng )·点(diǎn )烦(fán )》：“昔(xī )陶(táo )隐(yǐn )居(jū )《本(běn )草(cǎo )》，药(yào )有(yǒu )冷(lěng )热(rè )味(wèi )者(zhě )，朱(zhū )墨(mò )点(diǎn )其(qí )名(míng )；阮(ruǎn )孝(xiào )绪(xù )《七(qī )录(lù )》，书(shū )有(yǒu )文(wén )德(dé )殿(diàn )者(zhě )，丹(dān )笔(bǐ )写(xiě )其(qí )字(zì )，由(yóu )是(shì )区(qū )分(fèn )有(yǒu )别(bié )，品(pǐn )类(lèi )可(kě )知(zhī )。”

宋(sòng )陆(lù )游(yóu )《老(lǎo )学(xué )庵(ān )笔(bǐ )记(jì )》卷(juàn )十(shí )：“太(tài )宗(zōng )时(shí )史(shǐ )官(guān )张(zhāng )洎(jì )等(děng )撰(zhuàn )太(tài )祖(zǔ )史(shǐ )，凡(fán )太(tài )宗(zōng )圣(shèng )谕(yù )及(jí )史(shǐ )官(guān )采(cǎi )摭(zhí )之(zhī )事(shì )，分(fèn )为(wéi )朱(zhū )墨(mò )书(shū )以(yǐ )别(bié )之(zhī )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )宗(zōng )羲(xī )《＜今(jīn )水(shuǐ )经(jīng )＞序(xù )》：“后(hòu )之(zhī )为(wéi )《水(shuǐ )经(jīng )》之(zhī )学(xué )者(zhě )，蔡(cài )正(zhèng )甫(fǔ )补(bǔ )正(zhèng )《水(shuǐ )经(jīng )》，惜(xī )不(bú )获(huò )见(jiàn )；朱(zhū )鬱(yù )仪(yí )《水(shuǐ )经(jīng )注(zhù )笺(jiān )》，毛(máo )举(jǔ )一(yī )二(èr )传(chuán )写(xiě )之(zhī )误(wù )，无(wú )所(suǒ )发(fā )明(míng )；冯(féng )开(kāi )之(zhī )以(yǐ )经(jīng )传(chuán )相(xiàng )淆(xiáo )，閒(jiān )用(yòng )朱(zhū )墨(mò )分(fèn )勾(gōu )乙(yǐ )，未(wèi )曾(céng )卒(zú )业(yè )。”

2.古(gǔ )代(dài )官(guān )府(fǔ )文(wén )书(shū )用(yòng )朱(zhū )、墨(mò )两(liǎng )色(sè )，因(yīn )用(yòng )作(zuò )公(gōng )文(wén )的(de )代(dài )称(chēng )。

《北(běi )史(shǐ )·苏(sū )绰(chāo )传(chuán )》：“绰(chāo )始(shǐ )制(zhì )文(wén )桉(ān )程(chéng )式(shì )，朱(zhū )出(chū )墨(mò )入(rù )，及(jí )计(jì )帐(zhàng )、户(hù )籍(jí )之(zhī )法(fǎ )。”

唐(táng )刘(liú )禹(yǔ )锡(xī )《杂(zá )兴(xìng )·古(gǔ )调(diào )》诗(shī )之(zhī )二(èr )：“簿(bù )领(lǐng )乃(nǎi )俗(sú )士(shì )，清(qīng )谈(tán )信(xìn )古(gǔ )风(fēng )。吾(wú )观(guān )苏(sū )令(lìng )绰(chāo )，朱(zhū )墨(mò )一(yī )何(hé )工(gōng )？”宋(sòng )黄(huáng )庭(tíng )坚(jiān )《寄(jì )陈(chén )适(shì )用(yòng )》诗(shī )：“朱(zhū )墨(mò )本(běn )非(fēi )工(gōng )，王(wáng )事(shì )少(shǎo )闲(xián )暇(xiá )。”

3.用(yòng )硃(zhū )砂(shā )製(zhì )成(chéng )的(de )墨(mò )。

宋(sòng )苏(sū )易(yì )简(jiǎn )《文(wén )房(fáng )四(sì )谱(pǔ )·墨(mò )谱(pǔ )二(èr )》：“造(zào )朱(zhū )墨(mò )法(fǎ )：上(shàng )好(hǎo )朱(zhū )砂(shā )细(xì )研(yán )飞(fēi )过(guò )，好(hǎo )朱(zhū )红(hóng )亦(yì )可(kě )，以(yǐ )梣(cén )皮(pí )水(shuǐ )煮(zhǔ )胶(jiāo )，清(qīng )浸(jìn )一(yī )七(qī )日(rì )，倾(qīng )去(qù )胶(jiāo )清(qīng )，于(yú )日(rì )色(sè )中(zhōng )渐(jiàn )渐(jiàn )晒(shài )之(zhī )，乾(qián )溼(shī )得(dé )所(suǒ )，和(hé )如(rú )墨(mò )挺(tǐng )，于(yú )朱(zhū )砚(yàn )中(zhōng )研(yán )之(zhī )，以(yǐ )书(shū )碑(bēi )石(shí )。”

宋(sòng )苏(sū )轼(shì )《和(hé )陶(táo )贫(pín )士(shì )》之(zhī )二(èr )：“末(mò )路(lù )益(yì )可(kě )羞(xiū )，朱(zhū )墨(mò )手(shǒu )自(zì )研(yán )。”

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《赠(zèng )画(huà )师(shī )》诗(shī )：“风(fēng )生(shēng )白(bái )下(xià )千(qiān )林(lín )暗(àn )，雾(wù )塞(sāi )苍(cāng )天(tiān )百(bǎi )卉(huì )殚(dān )。愿(yuàn )乞(qǐ )画(huà )家(jiā )新(xīn )意(yì )匠(jiàng )，只(zhī )研(yán )朱(zhū )墨(mò )作(zuò )春(chūn )山(shān )。”

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●朱墨（简体版）