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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )茹(rú )柔(róu )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：tǔ gāng rú róu

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：柔(róu )：软(ruǎn )；刚(gāng )：硬(yìng )。吐(tǔ )出(chū )硬(yìng )的(de )，吃(chī )下(xià )软(ruǎn )的(de )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )怕(pà )强(qiáng )欺(qī )软(ruǎn )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：《诗(shī )经(jīng )·大(dà )雅(yǎ )·烝(zhēng )民(mín )》：“人(rén )亦(yì )有(yǒu )言(yán )，柔(róu )则(zé )茹(rú )之(zhī )，刚(gāng )则(zé )吐(tǔ )之(zhī )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：毛(máo )玠(jiè )清(qīng )公(gōng )素(sù )履(lǚ )，司(sī )马(mǎ )芝(zhī )忠(zhōng )亮(liàng )不(bú )倾(qīng )，庶(shù )乎(hū )不(bú )～。 ★《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·魏(wèi )志(zhì )·崔(cuī )琰(yǎn )等(děng )传(chuán )赞(zàn )》

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：欺(qī )软(ruǎn )怕(pà )硬(yìng )、欺(qī )弱(ruò )怕(pà )强(qiáng )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：锄(chú )强(qiáng )扶(fú )弱(ruò )、劫(jié )富(fù )济(jì )贫(pín )

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )谓(wèi )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )；指(zhǐ )怕(pà )强(qiáng )欺(qī )弱(ruò )

【英(yīng )文(wén )】：avoid the strong and bully the weak

(吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )茹(rú )柔(róu )，吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )茹(rú )柔(róu ))

吐(tǔ )出(chū )硬(yìng )的(de )，吃(chī )下(xià )软(ruǎn )的(de )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )怕(pà )强(qiáng )欺(qī )弱(ruò )。语(yǔ )本(běn )《诗(shī )·大(dà )雅(yǎ )·烝(zhēng )民(mín )》：“人(rén )亦(yì )有(yǒu )言(yán )：柔(róu )则(zé )茹(rú )之(zhī )，刚(gāng )则(zé )吐(tǔ )之(zhī )。维(wéi )仲(zhòng )山(shān )甫(fǔ )，柔(róu )亦(yì )不(bú )茹(rú )，刚(gāng )亦(yì )不(bú )吐(tǔ )；不(bú )侮(wǔ )矜(jīn )寡(guǎ )，不(bú )畏(wèi )彊(jiāng )御(yù )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“柔(róu )濡(rú )者(zhě )则(zé )茹(rú )食(shí )之(zhī )，坚(jiān )刚(gāng )者(zhě )则(zé )出(chū )之(zhī )，喻(yù )……敌(dí )寡(guǎ )弱(ruò )者(zhě )则(zé )侵(qīn )侮(wǔ )之(zhī )，强(qiáng )盛(shèng )者(zhě )则(zé )避(bì )畏(wèi )之(zhī )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·薛(xuē )宣(xuān )传(chuán )》：“﹝宣(xuān )﹞前(qián )为(wéi )御(yù )史(shǐ )中(zhōng )丞(chéng )，执(zhí )宪(xiàn )毂(gū )下(xià )，不(bú )吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )茹(rú )柔(róu )，举(jǔ )错(cuò )时(shí )当(dāng )。”

唐(táng )刘(liú )知(zhī )几(jǐ )《史(shǐ )通(tōng )·惑(huò )经(jīng )》：“斯(sī )则(zé )危(wēi )行(háng )言(yán )逊(xùn )，吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )茹(rú )柔(róu )，推(tuī )避(bì )以(yǐ )求(qiú )全(quán )，依(yī )违(wéi )以(yǐ )免(miǎn )祸(huò )。”

《旧(jiù )唐(táng )书(shū )·宪(xiàn )宗(zōng )纪(jì )上(shàng )》：“罔(wǎng )或(huò )徇(xùn )利(lì )以(yǐ )剥(bāo )下(xià )，吐(tǔ )刚(gāng )而(ér )茹(rú )柔(róu )，使(shǐ )闾(lǘ )井(jǐng )咸(xián )安(ān )，惸(qióng )嫠(lí )获(huò )济(jì )。”

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●吐刚茹柔（简体版）