漏壶
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(漏(lòu )壶(hú ),漏(lòu )壶(hú ))
古(gǔ )代(dài )利(lì )用(yòng )滴(dī )水(shuǐ )多(duō )寡(guǎ )来(lái )计(jì )量(liàng )时(shí )间(jiān )的(de )一(yī )种(zhǒng )仪(yí )器(qì )。也(yě )称(chēng )“漏(lòu )刻(kè )”。漏(lòu )壶(hú )中(zhōng )插(chā )入(rù )一(yī )根(gēn )标(biāo )竿(gān ),称(chēng )为(wéi )箭(jiàn )。箭(jiàn )下(xià )用(yòng )一(yī )只(zhī )箭(jiàn )舟(zhōu )托(tuō )着(zhe ),浮(fú )在(zài )水(shuǐ )面(miàn )上(shàng )。水(shuǐ )流(liú )出(chū )或(huò )流(liú )入(rù )壶(hú )中(zhōng )时(shí ),箭(jiàn )下(xià )沉(chén )或(huò )上(shàng )升(shēng ),借(jiè )以(yǐ )指(zhǐ )示(shì )时(shí )刻(kè )。前(qián )者(zhě )叫(jiào )沉(chén )箭(jiàn )漏(lòu ),后(hòu )者(zhě )叫(jiào )浮(fú )箭(jiàn )漏(lòu )。统(tǒng )称(chēng )箭(jiàn )漏(lòu )。
中(zhōng )国(guó )历(lì )史(shǐ )上(shàng )用(yòng )得(dé )最(zuì )多(duō )、流(liú )传(chuán )最(zuì )广(guǎng )的(de )是(shì )浮(fú )箭(jiàn )漏(lòu )。此(cǐ )外(wài )还(hái )有(yǒu )一(yī )种(zhǒng )以(yǐ )沙(shā )代(dài )水(shuǐ )的(de )沙(shā )漏(lòu )。
中(zhōng )国(guó )在(zài )周(zhōu )朝(cháo )已(yǐ )经(jīng )有(yǒu )了(le )漏(lòu )壶(hú )。后(hòu )来(lái )为(wéi )了(le )提(tí )高(gāo )水(shuǐ )流(liú )速(sù )度(dù )的(de )稳(wěn )定(dìng )性(xìng ),逐(zhú )渐(jiàn )在(zài )漏(lòu )水(shuǐ )壶(hú )上(shàng )另(lìng )加(jiā )一(yī )只(zhī )或(huò )几(jǐ )只(zhī )漏(lòu )水(shuǐ )壶(hú ),形(xíng )成(chéng )多(duō )级(jí )漏(lòu )壶(hú )。
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