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I

1.通(tōng )达(dá )。

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·经(jīng )解(jiě )》：“疏(shū )通(tōng )知(zhī )远(yuǎn )，《书(shū )》教(jiāo )也(yě )。”

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·五(wǔ )帝(dì )本(běn )纪(jì )》：“﹝颛(zhuān )顼(xū )﹞静(jìng )渊(yuān )以(yǐ )有(yǒu )谋(móu )，疏(shū )通(tōng )而(ér )知(zhī )事(shì )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·匡(kuāng )衡(héng )传(chuán )》：“治(zhì )性(xìng )之(zhī )道(dào )，必(bì )审(shěn )己(jǐ )之(zhī )所(suǒ )有(yǒu )馀(yú )，而(ér )强(qiáng )其(qí )所(suǒ )不(bú )足(zú )。盖(gài )聪(cōng )明(míng )疏(shū )通(tōng )者(zhě )戒(jiè )于(yú )大(dà )察(chá )，寡(guǎ )闻(wén )少(shǎo )见(jiàn )者(zhě )戒(jiè )于(yú )雍(yōng )蔽(bì )。”

宋(sòng )司(sī )马(mǎ )光(guāng )《为(wéi )庞(páng )相(xiàng )公(gōng )让(ràng )官(guān )表(biǎo )》：“臣(chén )识(shí )昧(mèi )疏(shū )通(tōng )，学(xué )非(fēi )殚(dān )洽(qià )。”

章(zhāng )炳(bǐng )麟(lín )《检(jiǎn )论(lùn )·订(dìng )孔(kǒng )下(xià )》：“故(gù )疏(shū )通(tōng )知(zhī )远(yuǎn )者(zhě )恕(shù )，文(wén )理(lǐ )密(mì )察(chá )者(zhě )忠(zhōng )。”

2.俊(jùn )爽(shuǎng )；爽(shuǎng )朗(lǎng )。

南(nán )朝(cháo )宋(sòng )刘(liú )义(yì )庆(qìng )《世(shì )说(shuō )新(xīn )语(yǔ )·赏(shǎng )誉(yù )》：“康(kāng )（嵇(jī )康(kāng )）子(zǐ )绍(shào )，清(qīng )远(yuǎn )雅(yǎ )正(zhèng )；涛(tāo )（山(shān )涛(tāo )）子(zǐ )简(jiǎn )，疏(shū )通(tōng )高(gāo )素(sù )。”

《晋(jìn )书(shū )·王(wáng )濬(xùn )传(chuán )》：“晚(wǎn )乃(nǎi )变(biàn )节(jiē )，疏(shū )通(tōng )亮(liàng )达(dá )，恢(huī )廓(kuò )有(yǒu )大(dà )志(zhì )。”

《周(zhōu )书(shū )·梁(liáng )台(tái )传(chuán )》：“台(tái )性(xìng )疏(shū )通(tōng )，恕(shù )己(jǐ )待(dài )物(wù )。至(zhì )于(yú )莅(lì )民(mín )处(chù )政(zhèng )，尤(yóu )以(yǐ )仁(rén )爱(ài )为(wéi )心(xīn )。”

3.疏(shū )浚(xùn )；开(kāi )通(tōng )。

北(běi )魏(wèi )郦(lì )道(dào )元(yuán )《水(shuǐ )经(jīng )注(zhù )·河(hé )水(shuǐ )四(sì )》：“河(hé )出(chū )孟(mèng )门(mén )之(zhī )上(shàng )，大(dà )溢(yì )逆(nì )流(liú )……大(dà )禹(yǔ )疏(shū )通(tōng )，谓(wèi )之(zhī )孟(mèng )门(mén )。”

宋(sòng )宋(sòng )敏(mǐn )求(qiú )《春(chūn )明(míng )退(tuì )朝(cháo )录(lù )》卷(juàn )中(zhōng )：“唐(táng )时(shí )，黄(huáng )河(hé )不(bú )闻(wén )有(yǒu )决(jué )溢(yì )之(zhī )患(huàn )……而(ér )汴(biàn )河(hé )亦(yì )不(bú )闻(wén )疏(shū )通(tōng )之(zhī )事(shì )。”

清(qīng )刘(liú )献(xiàn )廷(tíng )《广(guǎng )阳(yáng )杂(zá )记(jì )》卷(juàn )五(wǔ )：“且(qiě )又(yòu )建(jiàn )闸(zhá )疏(shū )通(tōng )一(yī )切(qiē )沟(gōu )洫(xù )渠(qú )堰(yàn )。”

4.引(yǐn )申(shēn )为(wéi )沟(gōu )通(tōng )，关(guān )说(shuō )。

宋(sòng )范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )《从(cóng )谏(jiàn )如(rú )流(liú )赋(fù )》：“陈(chén )谤(bàng )木(mù )而(ér )听(tīng )政(zhèng )，建(jiàn )善(shàn )旌(jīng )而(ér )求(qiú )理(lǐ )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )彰(zhāng )从(cóng )谏(jiàn )之(zhī )心(xīn )，率(lǜ )疏(shū )通(tōng )而(ér )如(rú )水(shuǐ )。”

《孽(niè )海(hǎi )花(huā )》第(dì )二(èr )一(yī )回(huí )：“不(bú )言(yán )唐(táng )卿(qīng )出(chū )了(le )龚(gōng )府(fǔ )，去(qù )托(tuō )袁(yuán )尚(shàng )秋(qiū )疏(shū )通(tōng )杨(yáng )越(yuè )常(cháng )的(de )事(shì )。”

老(lǎo )舍(shě )《茶(chá )馆(guǎn )》第(dì )三(sān )幕(mù )：“官(guān )方(fāng )上(shàng )疏(shū )通(tōng )好(hǎo )了(le )没(méi )有(yǒu )？”

5.贯(guàn )通(tōng )；流(liú )通(tōng )；畅(chàng )通(tōng )。

北(běi )魏(wèi )郦(lì )道(dào )元(yuán )《水(shuǐ )经(jīng )注(zhù )·沽(gū )水(shuǐ )》：“沽(gū )水(shuǐ )又(yòu )南(nán )出(chū )峡(xiá )，夹(jiá )岸(àn )有(yǒu )二(èr )城(chéng )，世(shì )谓(wèi )之(zhī )独(dú )固(gù )门(mén )，以(yǐ )其(qí )藉(jiè )险(xiǎn )凭(píng )固(gù )，易(yì )为(wéi )依(yī )据(jù )，岩(yán )壁(bì )升(shēng )耸(sǒng )，疏(shū )通(tōng )若(ruò )门(mén )，故(gù )得(dé )是(shì )名(míng )也(yě )。”

宋(sòng )苏(sū )舜(shùn )钦(qīn )《谘(zī )目(mù )三(sān )》：“方(fāng )今(jīn )之(zhī )急(jí )，莫(mò )急(jí )于(yú )货(huò )财(cái )。主(zhǔ )计(jì )者(zhě )十(shí )馀(yú )年(nián )来(lái )相(xiàng )习(xí )其(qí )弊(bì )，不(bú )务(wù )经(jīng )久(jiǔ )疏(shū )通(tōng )之(zhī )术(shù )。”

清(qīng )史(shǐ )致(zhì )谔(è )《禀(bǐng )左(zuǒ )宗(zōng )棠(táng )》：“现(xiàn )在(zài )杭(háng )省(shěng )克(kè )复(fù )，道(dào )路(lù )疏(shū )通(tōng )。”

II

剖(pōu )析(xī )阐(chǎn )释(shì )。

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·儒(rú )林(lín )传(chuán )·孟(mèng )喜(xǐ )》：“喜(xǐ )好(hǎo )自(zì )称(chēng )誉(yù )，得(dé )《易(yì )》家(jiā )候(hòu )阴(yīn )阳(yáng )灾(zāi )变(biàn )书(shū )，诈(zhà )言(yán )师(shī )田(tián )生(shēng )且(qiě )死(sǐ )时(shí )枕(zhěn )喜(xǐ )膝(xī )，独(dú )传(chuán )喜(xǐ )，诸(zhū )儒(rú )以(yǐ )此(cǐ )耀(yào )之(zhī )。同(tóng )门(mén )梁(liáng )丘(qiū )贺(hè )疏(shū )通(tōng )证(zhèng )明(míng )之(zhī )，曰(yuē )：‘田(tián )生(shēng )绝(jué )于(yú )施(shī )雠(chóu )手(shǒu )中(zhōng )，时(shí )喜(xǐ )归(guī )东(dōng )海(hǎi )，安(ān )得(dé )此(cǐ )事(shì )？’”颜(yán )师(shī )古(gǔ )注(zhù )：“疏(shū )通(tōng )，犹(yóu )言(yán )分(fèn )别(bié )也(yě )。”

唐(táng )杜(dù )甫(fǔ )《送(sòng )从(cóng )弟(dì )亚(yà )赴(fù )安(ān )西(xī )判(pàn )官(guān )》诗(shī )：“兵(bīng )法(fǎ )五(wǔ )十(shí )家(jiā )，尔(ěr )腹(fù )为(wéi )箧(qiè )笥(sì )。应(yīng )对(duì )如(rú )转(zhuǎn )丸(wán )，疏(shū )通(tōng )略(luè )文(wén )字(zì )。”

金(jīn )王(wáng )若(ruò )虚(xū )《＜论(lùn )语(yǔ )辨(biàn )惑(huò )＞序(xù )》：“彼(bǐ )其(qí )推(tuī )明(míng )心(xīn )术(shù )之(zhī )微(wēi )，剖(pōu )析(xī )义(yì )利(lì )之(zhī )辨(biàn )，而(ér )斟(zhēn )酌(zhuó )时(shí )中(zhōng )之(zhī )权(quán )，委(wěi )曲(qǔ )疏(shū )通(tōng )，多(duō )先(xiān )儒(rú )之(zhī )所(suǒ )未(wèi )到(dào )，斯(sī )固(gù )有(yǒu )功(gōng )矣(yǐ )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )宗(zōng )羲(xī )《＜易(yì )学(xué )象(xiàng )数(shù )论(lùn )＞序(xù )》：“世(shì )儒(rú )过(guò )视(shì )象(xiàng )数(shù )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )绝(jué )学(xué )，故(gù )为(wéi )所(suǒ )欺(qī )。余(yú )一(yī )一(yī )疏(shū )通(tōng )之(zhī )。”

章(zhāng )炳(bǐng )麟(lín )《文(wén )学(xué )说(shuō )例(lì )》：“拾(shí )遗(yí )苴(jū )漏(lòu )，发(fā )为(wéi )凡(fán )例(lì )，疏(shū )通(tōng )古(gǔ )文(wén )，固(gù )后(hòu )学(xué )之(zhī )任(rèn )也(yě )。”

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●疏通（简体版）