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(尺(chǐ )牍(dú )，尺(chǐ )牍(dú ))

1.长(zhǎng )一(yī )尺(chǐ )的(de )木(mù )简(jiǎn )。古(gǔ )代(dài )用(yòng )以(yǐ )书(shū )写(xiě )。

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·北(běi )海(hǎi )靖(jìng )王(wáng )兴(xìng )传(chuán )》：“及(jí )寝(qǐn )病(bìng )，帝(dì )驿(yì )马(mǎ )令(lìng )作(zuò )草(cǎo )书(shū )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )十(shí )首(shǒu )。”

李(lǐ )贤(xián )注(zhù )：“《说(shuō )文(wén )》云(yún )：‘牍(dú )，书(shū )版(bǎn )也(yě )。’盖(gài )长(zhǎng )一(yī )尺(chǐ )，因(yīn )取(qǔ )名(míng )焉(yān )。”

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·魏(wèi )志(zhì )·胡(hú )昭(zhāo )传(chuán )》：“胡(hú )昭(zhāo )善(shàn )史(shǐ )书(shū )，与(yǔ )锺(zhōng )繇(yáo )、邯(hán )郸(dān )淳(chún )、卫(wèi )顗(yǐ )、韦(wéi )诞(dàn )并(bìng )有(yǒu )名(míng )，尺(chǐ )牍(dú )之(zhī )迹(jì )，动(dòng )见(jiàn )楷(kǎi )模(mó )。”

《文(wén )选(xuǎn )·谢(xiè )瞻(zhān )＜王(wáng )抚(fǔ )军(jūn )庾(yǔ )西(xī )阳(yáng )集(jí )别(bié )作(zuò )＞诗(shī )》：“谁(shuí )谓(wèi )情(qíng )可(kě )书(shū )，尽(jìn )言(yán )非(fēi )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )。”

李(lǐ )周(zhōu )翰(hàn )注(zhù )：“言(yán )一(yī )尺(chǐ )之(zhī )版(bǎn )，不(bú )可(kě )尽(jìn )其(qí )情(qíng )也(yě )。”

明(míng )徐(xú )渭(wèi )《会(huì )稽(jī )县(xiàn )志(zhì )诸(zhū )论(lùn )·山(shān )川(chuān )论(lùn )》：“一(yī )圣(shèng )君(jūn )、一(yī )贤(xián )相(xiàng )，书(shū )天(tiān )下(xià )九(jiǔ )之(zhī )一(yī )之(zhī )山(shān )川(chuān )，不(bú )满(mǎn )一(yī )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )；今(jīn )志(zhì )会(huì )稽(jī )者(zhě )，书(shū )天(tiān )下(xià )千(qiān )之(zhī )一(yī )之(zhī )山(shān )川(chuān )，乃(nǎi )累(lèi )数(shù )十(shí )纸(zhǐ )而(ér )未(wèi )终(zhōng )。”

2.信(xìn )札(zhá )，书(shū )信(xìn )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·扁(biǎn )鹊(què )仓(cāng )公(gōng )列(liè )传(chuán )论(lùn )》：“缇(tí )萦(yíng )通(tōng )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )，父(fù )得(dé )以(yǐ )后(hòu )宁(níng )。”

南(nán )朝(cháo )梁(liáng )刘(liú )勰(xié )《文(wén )心(xīn )凋(diāo )龙(lóng )·书(shū )记(jì )》：“祢(mí )衡(héng )代(dài )书(shū )，亲(qīn )疏(shū )得(dé )宜(yí )：斯(sī )又(yòu )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )之(zhī )偏(piān )才(cái )也(yě )。”

唐(táng )欧(ōu )阳(yáng )詹(zhān )《送(sòng )张(zhāng )尚(shàng )书(shū )书(shū )》：“以(yǐ )尚(shàng )书(shū )山(shān )容(róng )海(hǎi )纳(nà )，则(zé )自(zì )断(duàn )于(yú )胸(xiōng )襟(jīn )矣(yǐ )，岂(qǐ )在(zài )攸(yōu )攸(yōu )八(bā )行(háng )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )进(jìn )退(tuì )于(yú )人(rén )乎(hū )？”宋(sòng )吴(wú )处(chù )厚(hòu )《青(qīng )箱(xiāng )杂(zá )记(jì )》卷(juàn )七(qī )：“尝(cháng )有(yǒu )应(yīng )制(zhì )科(kē )人(rén )成(chéng )锐(ruì )，集(jí )诗(shī )三(sān )篇(piān )，国(guó )子(zǐ )博(bó )士(shì )侯(hóu )君(jūn )以(yǐ )献(xiàn )于(yú )随(suí )，随(suí )览(lǎn )之(zhī )，乃(nǎi )亲(qīn )笔(bǐ )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )答(dá )侯(hóu )君(jūn )。”

刘(liú )师(shī )培(péi )《＜文(wén )章(zhāng )学(xué )史(shǐ )＞序(xù )》：“有(yǒu )由(yóu )下(xià )告(gào )上(shàng )之(zhī )词(cí )，则(zé )为(wéi )奏(zòu )疏(shū )；有(yǒu )同(tóng )辈(bèi )相(xiàng )告(gào )之(zhī )词(cí )，则(zé )为(wéi )书(shū )启(qǐ )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )。”

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《花(huā )边(biān )文(wén )学(xué )·一(yī )思(sī )而(ér )行(háng )》：“看(kàn )郑(zhèng )板(bǎn )桥(qiáo )《道(dào )情(qíng )》一(yī )遍(biàn )，谈(tán )幽(yōu )默(mò )十(shí )天(tiān )，买(mǎi )袁(yuán )中(zhōng )郎(láng )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )半(bàn )本(běn )，作(zuò )小(xiǎo )品(pǐn )一(yī )卷(juàn )。”

3.文(wén )辞(cí )。

《南(nán )史(shǐ )·蔡(cài )景(jǐng )历(lì )传(chuán )》：“景(jǐng )历(lì )少(shǎo )俊(jùn )爽(shuǎng )，有(yǒu )孝(xiào )行(háng )，家(jiā )贫(pín )好(hǎo )学(xué )，善(shàn )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )，工(gōng )草(cǎo )隶(lì )。”

《资(zī )治(zhì )通(tōng )鉴(jiàn )·汉(hàn )灵(líng )帝(dì )熹(xī )平(píng )六(liù )年(nián )》：“帝(dì )好(hǎo )文(wén )学(xué )，自(zì )造(zào )《皇(huáng )羲(xī )篇(piān )》五(wǔ )十(shí )章(zhāng )，因(yīn )引(yǐn )诸(zhū )生(shēng )能(néng )为(wéi )文(wén )赋(fù )者(zhě )并(bìng )待(dài )制(zhì )鸿(hóng )都(dōu )门(mén )下(xià )，后(hòu )诸(zhū )为(wéi )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )及(jí )工(gōng )书(shū )鸟(niǎo )篆(zhuàn )者(zhě )，皆(jiē )加(jiā )引(yǐn )召(zhào )。”

金(jīn )元(yuán )好(hǎo )问(wèn )《中(zhōng )州(zhōu )集(jí )·刘(liú )勋(xūn )》：“少(shǎo )宣(xuān )长(zhǎng )于(yú )尺(chǐ )牍(dú )，落(luò )笔(bǐ )皆(jiē )有(yǒu )可(kě )观(guān )。”

4.指(zhǐ )墨(mò )迹(jì )，字(zì )迹(jì )。

《新(xīn )唐(táng )书(shū )·儒(rú )学(xué )传(chuán )上(shàng )·欧(ōu )阳(yáng )询(xún )》：“询(xún )初(chū )效(xiào )王(wáng )羲(xī )之(zhī )书(shū )，后(hòu )险(xiǎn )劲(jìn )过(guò )之(zhī )，因(yīn )自(zì )名(míng )其(qí )体(tǐ )。尺(chǐ )牍(dú )所(suǒ )传(chuán )，人(rén )以(yǐ )为(wéi )法(fǎ )。”

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