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原(yuán )指(zhǐ )因(yīn )无(wú )用(yòng )而(ér )享(xiǎng )天(tiān )年(nián )的(de )树(shù )木(mù )。后(hòu )多(duō )喻(yù )天(tiān )才(cái )之(zhī )人(rén )或(huò )全(quán )真(zhēn )养(yǎng )性(xìng )、不(bú )为(wéi )世(shì )用(yòng )之(zhī )人(rén )。

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·人(rén )间(jiān )世(shì )》：“匠(jiàng )石(shí )之(zhī )齐(qí )，至(zhì )于(yú )曲(qǔ )辕(yuán )，见(jiàn )栎(lì )社(shè )树(shù )……曰(yuē )：‘已(yǐ )矣(yǐ )，勿(wù )言(yán )之(zhī )矣(yǐ )！散(sàn )木(mù )也(yě )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )舟(zhōu )则(zé )沉(chén )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )棺(guān )椁(guǒ )则(zé )速(sù )腐(fǔ )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )器(qì )则(zé )速(sù )毁(huǐ )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )门(mén )户(hù )则(zé )液(yè )樠(mán )，以(yǐ )为(wéi )柱(zhù )则(zé )蠹(dù )。是(shì )不(bú )材(cái )之(zhī )木(mù )也(yě )，无(wú )所(suǒ )可(kě )用(yòng )，故(gù )能(néng )若(ruò )是(shì )之(zhī )寿(shòu )。’”北(běi )周(zhōu )庾(yǔ )信(xìn )《奉(fèng )和(hé )法(fǎ )筵(yàn )应(yīng )诏(zhào )》：“羁(jī )臣(chén )从(cóng )散(sàn )木(mù )，何(hé )以(yǐ )预(yù )中(zhōng )天(tiān )？”唐(táng )戴(dài )叔(shū )伦(lún )《酬(chóu )赠(zèng )张(zhāng )众(zhòng )甫(fǔ )》诗(shī )：“野(yě )人(rén )无(wú )本(běn )意(yì )，散(sàn )木(mù )任(rèn )天(tiān )材(cái )。”

宋(sòng )苏(sū )轼(shì )《题(tí )过(guò )所(suǒ )画(huà )枯(kū )木(mù )竹(zhú )石(shí )》诗(shī )之(zhī )二(èr )：“散(sàn )木(mù )支(zhī )离(lí )得(dé )自(zì )全(quán )，交(jiāo )柯(kē )蚴(yòu )蟉(liào )欲(yù )相(xiàng )缠(chán )。”

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●散木（简体版）