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亦(yì )作(zuò )“鴈(yàn )臣(chén )”。

指(zhǐ )古(gǔ )代(dài )逢(féng )秋(qiū )到(dào )京(jīng )师(shī )朝(cháo )觐(jìn )，至(zhì )春(chūn )始(shǐ )还(hái )部(bù )落(luò )的(de )北(běi )方(fāng )少(shǎo )数(shù )民(mín )族(zú )首(shǒu )领(lǐng )。

《北(běi )史(shǐ )·斛(hú )律(lǜ )金(jīn )传(chuán )》：“魏(wèi )除(chú )为(wéi )第(dì )二(èr )领(lǐng )人(rén )酋(qiú )长(zhǎng )，秋(qiū )朝(cháo )京(jīng )师(shī )，春(chūn )还(hái )部(bù )落(luò )，号(hào )曰(yuē )雁(yàn )臣(chén )。”

北(běi )魏(wèi )杨(yáng )衒(xuàn )之(zhī )《洛(luò )阳(yáng )伽(gā )蓝(lán )记(jì )·城(chéng )南(nán )龙(lóng )华(huá )寺(sì )》：“北(běi )夷(yí )酋(qiú )长(zhǎng )遣(qiǎn )子(zǐ )入(rù )侍(shì )者(zhě )，常(cháng )秋(qiū )来(lái )春(chūn )去(qù )，避(bì )中(zhōng )国(guó )之(zhī )热(rè )，时(shí )人(rén )谓(wèi )之(zhī )鴈(yàn )臣(chén )。”

清(qīng )钱(qián )谦(qiān )益(yì )《泗(sì )水(shuǐ )》诗(shī )之(zhī )二(èr )：“北(běi )来(lái )有(yǒu )燕(yàn )如(rú )胡(hú )语(yǔ )，南(nán )望(wàng )无(wú )莺(yīng )比(bǐ )雁(yàn )臣(chén )。”

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●雁臣（简体版）