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周(zhōu )代(dài )王(wáng )城(chéng )郊(jiāo )外(wài )“野(yě )”地(dì )的(de )兵(bīng )众(zhòng )徒(tú )役(yì )。

《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·地(dì )官(guān )·遂(suí )人(rén )》：“若(ruò )起(qǐ )野(yě )役(yì )，则(zé )令(lìng )各(gè )帅(shuài )其(qí )所(suǒ )治(zhì )之(zhī )民(mín )而(ér )至(zhì )。”

郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )注(zhù )：“役(yì )谓(wèi )师(shī )田(tián )，若(ruò )有(yǒu )功(gōng )作(zuò )也(yě )。”

孙(sūn )诒(yí )让(ràng )正(zhèng )义(yì )：“役(yì )，田(tián )役(yì )也(yě )。是(shì )师(shī )田(tián )及(jí )他(tā )功(gōng )作(zuò )起(qǐ )徒(tú )役(yì )之(zhī )事(shì )通(tōng )谓(wèi )之(zhī )役(yì )。”

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●野役（简体版）