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1.地(dì )陷(xiàn )。

明(míng )杨(yáng )慎(shèn )《丹(dān )铅(qiān )总(zǒng )录(lù )·地(dì )理(lǐ )·穴(xué )井(jǐng )》：“《易(yì )·井(jǐng )卦(guà )》朱(zhū )子(zǐ )解(jiě )云(yún )：‘井(jǐng )者(zhě )，穴(xué )地(dì )出(chū )水(shuǐ )之(zhī )处(chù )。’不(bú )曰(yuē )凿(záo )井(jǐng )而(ér )曰(yuē )穴(xué )地(dì )，何(hé )也(yě )？按(àn )《中(zhōng )山(shān )经(jīng )》云(yún )：‘帝(dì )囷(qūn )山(shān )有(yǒu )井(jǐng )焉(yān )，名(míng )天(tiān )井(jǐng )。’《孙(sūn )子(zǐ )兵(bīng )法(fǎ )》云(yún )：‘地(dì )陷(xiàn )曰(yuē )天(tiān )井(jǐng )。’穴(xué )地(dì )出(chū )水(shuǐ )，盖(gài )此(cǐ )类(lèi )耳(ěr )。穴(xué )地(dì )之(zhī )井(jǐng )，天(tiān )所(suǒ )为(wéi )也(yě )；凿(záo )地(dì )之(zhī )井(jǐng )，人(rén )所(suǒ )为(wéi )也(yě )。”

2.挖(wā )地(dì )道(dào )。

《宋(sòng )史(shǐ )·药(yào )元(yuán )福(fú )传(chuán )》：“十(shí )馀(yú )日(rì )，元(yuán )福(fú )营(yíng )栅(shān )皆(jiē )就(jiù )，又(yòu )穴(xué )地(dì )及(jí )筑(zhù )土(tǔ )山(shān )，百(bǎi )道(dào )攻(gōng )其(qí )城(chéng )。”

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●穴地（简体版）