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(三(sān )监(jiān )，三(sān )监(jiān ))

1.周(zhōu )武(wǔ )王(wáng )灭(miè )商(shāng )后(hòu )，以(yǐ )商(shāng )旧(jiù )都(dōu )封(fēng )给(gěi )纣(zhòu )子(zǐ )武(wǔ )庚(gēng )，并(bìng )以(yǐ )殷(yīn )都(dōu )以(yǐ )东(dōng )为(wéi )卫(wèi )，由(yóu )武(wǔ )王(wáng )弟(dì )管(guǎn )叔(shū )监(jiān )之(zhī )；殷(yīn )都(dōu )以(yǐ )西(xī )为(wéi )鄘(yōng )，由(yóu )武(wǔ )王(wáng )弟(dì )蔡(cài )叔(shū )监(jiān )之(zhī )；殷(yīn )都(dōu )以(yǐ )北(běi )为(wéi )邶(bèi )，由(yóu )武(wǔ )王(wáng )弟(dì )霍(huò )叔(shū )监(jiān )之(zhī )；总(zǒng )称(chēng )三(sān )监(jiān )。见(jiàn )汉(hàn )郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )《诗(shī )·邶(bèi )鄘(yōng )卫(wèi )谱(pǔ )》。一(yī )说(shuō )指(zhǐ )武(wǔ )庚(gēng )、管(guǎn )叔(shū )、蔡(cài )叔(shū )。见(jiàn )《汉(hàn )书(shū )·地(dì )理(lǐ )志(zhì )下(xià )》、清(qīng )王(wáng )引(yǐn )之(zhī )《经(jīng )义(yì )述(shù )闻(wén )·三(sān )监(jiān )》。

汉(hàn )代(dài )儒(rú )家(jiā )依(yī )托(tuō )周(zhōu )初(chū )三(sān )监(jiān )的(de )事(shì )，把(bǎ )三(sān )监(jiān )作(zuò )为(wéi )周(zhōu )朝(cháo )的(de )通(tōng )制(zhì )。

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·王(wáng )制(zhì )》：“天(tiān )子(zǐ )使(shǐ )其(qí )大(dà )夫(fū )为(wéi )三(sān )监(jiān )，监(jiān )于(yú )方(fāng )伯(bó )之(zhī )国(guó )，国(guó )三(sān )人(rén )。”参(cān )阅(yuè )明(míng )杨(yáng )慎(shèn )《升(shēng )庵(ān )经(jīng )说(shuō )》卷(juàn )九(jiǔ )、清(qīng )孙(sūn )希(xī )旦(dàn )《礼(lǐ )记(jì )集(jí )解(jiě )》卷(juàn )十(shí )二(èr )。

2.唐(táng )代(dài )官(guān )署(shǔ )国(guó )子(zǐ )监(jiān )、少(shǎo )府(fǔ )监(jiān )、将(jiāng )作(zuò )监(jiān )的(de )合(hé )称(chēng )。

《旧(jiù )唐(táng )书(shū )·职(zhí )官(guān )志(zhì )一(yī )》：“贞(zhēn )观(guān )元(yuán )年(nián )，改(gǎi )国(guó )子(zǐ )学(xué )为(wéi )国(guó )子(zǐ )监(jiān )，分(fèn )将(jiāng )作(zuò )为(wéi )少(shǎo )府(fǔ )监(jiān )，通(tōng )将(jiāng )作(zuò )为(wéi )三(sān )监(jiān )。”

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●三监（简体版）