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1.谓(wèi )鬼(guǐ )物(wù )使(shǐ )人(rén )生(shēng )病(bìng )。

《文(wén )选(xuǎn )·张(zhāng )衡(héng )＜东(dōng )京(jīng )赋(fù )＞》：“度(dù )朔(shuò )作(zuò )梗(gěng )，守(shǒu )以(yǐ )鬱(yù )垒(lěi )，神(shén )荼(tú )副(fù )焉(yān )，对(duì )操(cāo )索(suǒ )苇(wěi )。”

薛(xuē )综(zōng )注(zhù )：“东(dōng )海(hǎi )中(zhōng )度(dù )朔(shuò )山(shān )，有(yǒu )二(èr )神(shén )，一(yī )曰(yuē )神(shén )荼(tú )、二(èr )曰(yuē )鬱(yù )垒(lěi )，领(lǐng )众(zhòng )鬼(guǐ )之(zhī )恶(è )害(hài )者(zhě )，执(zhí )以(yǐ )苇(wěi )索(suǒ )，而(ér )用(yòng )食(shí )虎(hǔ )。”

李(lǐ )善(shàn )注(zhù )：“《毛(máo )诗(shī )传(chuán )》曰(yuē )：‘梗(gěng )，病(bìng )也(yě )。’谓(wèi )为(wéi )人(rén )作(zuò )梗(gěng )病(bìng )者(zhě )。”

2.指(zhǐ )从(cóng )中(zhōng )阻(zǔ )挠(náo )、捣(dǎo )乱(luàn )。

《北(běi )史(shǐ )·魏(wèi )收(shōu )传(chuán )》：“其(qí )后(hòu )镇(zhèn )将(jiāng )刺(cì )史(shǐ )，乖(guāi )失(shī )人(rén )和(hé )，群(qún )氐(dī )作(zuò )梗(gěng )，遂(suí )为(wéi )边(biān )患(huàn )。”

宋(sòng )杨(yáng )万(wàn )里(lǐ )《题(tí )张(zhāng )以(yǐ )道(dào )上(shàng )舍(shě )寒(hán )绿(lǜ )轩(xuān )》诗(shī )：“先(xiān )生(shēng )飢(jī )肠(cháng )诗(shī )作(zuò )梗(gěng )，小(xiǎo )摘(zhāi )珍(zhēn )芳(fāng )汲(jí )水(shuǐ )井(jǐng )。”

明(míng )李(lǐ )贽(zhì )《与(yǔ )梅(méi )衡(héng )湘(xiāng )》：“中(zhōng )国(guó )有(yǒu )作(zuò )梗(gěng )者(zhě )，朝(cháo )廷(tíng )之(zhī )上(shàng )自(zì )有(yǒu )公(gōng )等(děng )诸(zhū )贤(xián )圣(shèng )在(zài )，即(jí )日(rì )可(kě )繫(jì )也(yě )。”

叶(yè )圣(shèng )陶(táo )《多(duō )收(shōu )了(le )三(sān )五(wǔ )斗(dòu )》：“今(jīn )年(nián )天(tiān )照(zhào )应(yīng )，雨(yǔ )水(shuǐ )调(diào )匀(yún )，小(xiǎo )虫(chóng )子(zǐ )也(yě )不(bú )来(lái )作(zuò )梗(gěng )。”

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