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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：xiān yōu hòu lè

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：忧(yōu )虑(lǜ )在(zài )天(tiān )下(xià )人(rén )之(zhī )先(xiān )，安(ān )乐(lè )在(zài )天(tiān )下(xià )人(rén )之(zhī )后(hòu )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )吃(chī )苦(kǔ )在(zài )先(xiān )，享(xiǎng )受(shòu )在(zài )后(hòu )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：汉(hàn )·刘(liú )向(xiàng )《说(shuō )苑(yuàn )·谈(tán )丛(cóng )》：“先(xiān )忧(yōu )事(shì )者(zhě )后(hòu )乐(lè )，先(xiān )傲(ào )世(shì )者(zhě )后(hòu )忧(yōu )。”宋(sòng )·范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )《岳(yuè )阳(yáng )楼(lóu )记(jì )》：“先(xiān )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )忧(yōu )而(ér )忧(yōu )，后(hòu )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )乐(lè )而(ér )乐(lè )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：你(nǐ )～师(shī )忠(zhōng )彦(yàn )，由(yóu )义(yì )居(jū )仁(rén )效(xiào )昔(xī )贤(xián )。 ★明(míng )·无(wú )名(míng )氏(shì )《鸣(míng )凤(fèng )记(jì )·邹(zōu )林(lín )游(yóu )学(xué )》

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：先(xiān )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )忧(yōu )而(ér )忧(yōu )，后(hòu )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )乐(lè )而(ér )乐(lè )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )谓(wèi )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )；用(yòng )于(yú )大(dà )公(gōng )无(wú )私(sī )的(de )人(rén )

【成(chéng )语(yǔ )故(gù )事(shì )】：宋(sòng )朝(cháo )时(shí )期(qī )，滕(téng )子(zǐ )京(jīng )因(yīn )遭(zāo )诬(wū )陷(xiàn )被(bèi )贬(biǎn )到(dào )岳(yuè )州(zhōu )当(dāng )知(zhī )州(zhōu )，重(zhòng )新(xīn )修(xiū )复(fù )了(le )岳(yuè )阳(yáng )楼(lóu )，范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )受(shòu )他(tā )的(de )嘱(zhǔ )托(tuō )写(xiě )一(yī )篇(piān )《岳(yuè )阳(yáng )楼(lóu )记(jì )》：“古(gǔ )代(dài )的(de )仁(rén )人(rén )志(zhì )士(shì )不(bú )因(yīn )美(měi )景(jǐng )而(ér )高(gāo )兴(xìng )，也(yě )不(bú )因(yīn )处(chù )境(jìng )坏(huài )而(ér )哀(āi )伤(shāng )，总(zǒng )是(shì )先(xiān )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )忧(yōu )而(ér )忧(yōu )，后(hòu )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )乐(lè )而(ér )乐(lè )。”

(先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )，先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè ))

1.谓(wèi )先(xiān )忧(yōu )苦(kǔ )而(ér )后(hòu )得(dé )安(ān )乐(lè )。语(yǔ )本(běn )《大(dà )戴(dài )礼(lǐ )记(jì )·曾(céng )子(zǐ )立(lì )事(shì )》：“先(xiān )忧(yōu )事(shì )者(zhě )后(hòu )乐(lè )事(shì )，先(xiān )乐(lè )事(shì )者(zhě )后(hòu )忧(yōu )事(shì )。”

钱(qián )基(jī )博(bó )《辛(xīn )亥(hài )江(jiāng )南(nán )光(guāng )复(fù )实(shí )录(lù )》：“枵(xiāo )腹(fù )从(cóng )公(gōng )，人(rén )情(qíng )所(suǒ )难(nán )，职(zhí )不(bú )分(fèn )文(wén )武(wǔ )，阶(jiē )无(wú )问(wèn )大(dà )小(xiǎo )，上(shàng )自(zì )都(dōu )督(dū )，下(xià )至(zhì )走(zǒu )卒(zú )，一(yī )律(lǜ )日(rì )支(zhī )钱(qián )二(èr )百(bǎi )五(wǔ )十(shí )文(wén )，以(yǐ )供(gòng )饭(fàn )食(shí )，同(tóng )甘(gān )共(gòng )苦(kǔ )，以(yǐ )底(dǐ )于(yú )成(chéng )功(gōng )；而(ér )后(hòu )酌(zhuó )量(liàng )经(jīng )帑(tǎng )，制(zhì )定(dìng )薪(xīn )津(jīn )，亦(yì )先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )也(yě )。”

2.谓(wèi )忧(yōu )虑(lǜ )在(zài )天(tiān )下(xià )人(rén )之(zhī )先(xiān )，安(ān )乐(lè )在(zài )天(tiān )下(xià )人(rén )之(zhī )后(hòu )。语(yǔ )出(chū )宋(sòng )范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )《岳(yuè )阳(yáng )楼(lóu )记(jì )》：“先(xiān )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )忧(yōu )而(ér )忧(yōu )，后(hòu )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )乐(lè )而(ér )乐(lè )欤(yú )！”

《宋(sòng )史(shǐ )·范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )传(chuán )论(lùn )》：“然(rán )先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )之(zhī )志(zhì )，海(hǎi )内(nèi )固(gù )已(yǐ )信(xìn )其(qí )有(yǒu )弘(hóng )毅(yì )之(zhī )器(qì )。”

明(míng )王(wáng )鏊(ào )《震(zhèn )泽(zé )长(zhǎng )语(yǔ )·杂(zá )论(lùn )》：“其(qí )（指(zhǐ )范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )）先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )之(zhī )义(yì )，前(qián )人(rén )所(suǒ )未(wèi )发(fā )。”

潘(pān )飞(fēi )声(shēng )《壬(rén )子(zǐ )新(xīn )岁(suì )作(zuò )》诗(shī )：“先(xiān )忧(yōu )后(hòu )乐(lè )何(hé )人(rén )识(shí )？老(lǎo )阮(ruǎn )狂(kuáng )来(lái )酒(jiǔ )正(zhèng )中(zhōng )。”

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●先忧后乐（简体版）