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古(gǔ )代(dài )士(shì )之(zhī )告(gào )老(lǎo )退(tuì )休(xiū )者(zhě )。

《尚(shàng )书(shū )大(dà )传(chuán )》卷(juàn )五(wǔ )：“大(dà )夫(fū )、士(shì )七(qī )十(shí )而(ér )致(zhì )仕(shì )，老(lǎo )于(yú )乡(xiāng )里(lǐ )，大(dà )夫(fū )为(wéi )父(fù )师(shī )，士(shì )为(wéi )少(shǎo )师(shī )……上(shàng )老(lǎo )平(píng )明(míng )坐(zuò )于(yú )右(yòu )塾(shú )，庶(shù )老(lǎo )坐(zuò )于(yú )左(zuǒ )塾(shú )，馀(yú )子(zǐ )毕(bì )出(chū )，然(rán )后(hòu )皆(jiē )归(guī )。”

郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )注(zhù )：“上(shàng )老(lǎo )，父(fù )师(shī )也(yě )；庶(shù )老(lǎo )，少(shǎo )师(shī )也(yě )。”

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·王(wáng )制(zhì )》：“有(yǒu )虞(yú )氏(shì )养(yǎng )国(guó )老(lǎo )于(yú )上(shàng )庠(xiáng )，养(yǎng )庶(shù )老(lǎo )于(yú )下(xià )庠(xiáng )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )引(yǐn )熊(xióng )安(ān )生(shēng )云(yún )：“国(guó )老(lǎo )，谓(wèi )卿(qīng )大(dà )夫(fū )致(zhì )仕(shì )者(zhě )；庶(shù )老(lǎo )，谓(wèi )士(shì )也(yě )。”

《魏(wèi )书(shū )·高(gāo )祖(zǔ )纪(jì )下(xià )》：“﹝二(èr )月(yuè )﹞丙(bǐng )午(wǔ )，诏(zhào )畿(jī )内(nèi )七(qī )十(shí )以(yǐ )上(shàng )暮(mù )春(chūn )赴(fù )京(jīng )师(shī )，将(jiāng )行(háng )养(yǎng )老(lǎo )之(zhī )礼(lǐ )……三(sān )月(yuè )丙(bǐng )寅(yín )，宴(yàn )群(qún )臣(chén )及(jí )国(guó )老(lǎo )、庶(shù )老(lǎo )于(yú )华(huá )林(lín )园(yuán )。”一(yī )说(shuō )庶(shù )老(lǎo )兼(jiān )指(zhǐ )士(shì )人(rén )告(gào )老(lǎo )退(tuì )休(xiū )者(zhě )与(yǔ )庶(shù )人(rén )之(zhī )老(lǎo )者(zhě )。

《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·天(tiān )官(guān )·外(wài )饔(yōng )》“邦(bāng )飨(xiǎng )耆(qí )老(lǎo )、孤(gū )子(zǐ )，则(zé )掌(zhǎng )其(qí )割(gē )亨(hēng )之(zhī )事(shì )”汉(hàn )郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )注(zhù )：“《王(wáng )制(zhì )》曰(yuē )：‘周(zhōu )人(rén )养(yǎng )国(guó )老(lǎo )于(yú )东(dōng )胶(jiāo )，养(yǎng )庶(shù )老(lǎo )于(yú )虞(yú )庠(xiáng )。’”孙(sūn )诒(yí )让(ràng )正(zhèng )义(yì )：“庶(shù )老(lǎo )亦(yì )当(dāng )兼(jiān )有(yǒu )庶(shù )人(rén )之(zhī )老(lǎo )。依(yī )《大(dà )司(sī )徒(tú )》注(zhù )及(jí )贾(jiǎ )疏(shū )义(yì )，庶(shù )人(rén )之(zhī )老(lǎo )盖(gài )七(qī )十(shí )养(yǎng )于(yú )乡(xiāng )、六(liù )十(shí )养(yǎng )于(yú )国(guó )、九(jiǔ )十(shí )养(yǎng )于(yú )学(xué )，与(yǔ )卿(qīng )大(dà )夫(fū )、士(shì )之(zhī )老(lǎo )异(yì )也(yě )。”

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●庶老（简体版）