四民
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旧(jiù )称(chēng )士(shì )、农(nóng )、工(gōng )、商(shāng )为(wéi )四(sì )民(mín )。
《书(shū )·周(zhōu )官(guān )》:“司(sī )空(kōng )掌(zhǎng )邦(bāng )土(tǔ ),居(jū )四(sì )民(mín ),时(shí )地(dì )利(lì )。”
蔡(cài )沉(chén )集(jí )传(chuán ):“冬(dōng )官(guān ),卿(qīng ),主(zhǔ )国(guó )邦(bāng )土(tǔ ),以(yǐ )居(jū )士(shì )、农(nóng )、工(gōng )、商(shāng )四(sì )民(mín )。”
《穀(yù )梁(liáng )传(chuán )·成(chéng )公(gōng )元(yuán )年(nián )》:“古(gǔ )者(zhě )有(yǒu )四(sì )民(mín ):有(yǒu )士(shì )民(mín ),有(yǒu )商(shāng )民(mín ),有(yǒu )农(nóng )民(mín ),有(yǒu )工(gōng )民(mín )。”
《汉(hàn )书(shū )·食(shí )货(huò )志(zhì )上(shàng )》:“士(shì )、农(nóng )、工(gōng )、商(shāng ),四(sì )民(mín )有(yǒu )业(yè ):学(xué )以(yǐ )居(jū )位(wèi )曰(yuē )士(shì ),闢(pì )士(shì )殖(zhí )穀(yù )曰(yuē )农(nóng ),作(zuò )巧(qiǎo )成(chéng )器(qì )曰(yuē )工(gōng ),通(tōng )财(cái )鬻(yù )货(huò )曰(yuē )商(shāng )。”
宋(sòng )叶(yè )适(shì )《留(liú )耕(gēng )堂(táng )记(jì )》:“四(sì )民(mín )百(bǎi )艺(yì ),朝(cháo )营(yíng )暮(mù )逐(zhú ),各(gè )竞(jìng )其(qí )力(lì ),各(gè )私(sī )其(qí )求(qiú )。”
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