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1.谓(wèi )水(shuǐ )。古(gǔ )代(dài )思(sī )想(xiǎng )家(jiā )认(rèn )为(wéi )水(shuǐ )的(de )成(chéng )分(fèn )存(cún )在(zài )于(yú )一(yī )切(qiē )物(wù )质(zhì )之(zhī )中(zhōng )，并(bìng )为(wéi )万(wàn )物(wù )之(zhī )准(zhǔn )，故(gù )称(chēng )。

《管(guǎn )子(zǐ )·水(shuǐ )地(dì )》：“水(shuǐ )者(zhě )万(wàn )物(wù )之(zhī )准(zhǔn )也(yě )，诸(zhū )生(shēng )之(zhī )澹(dàn )也(yě )，违(wéi )非(fēi )得(dé )失(shī )之(zhī )质(zhì )也(yě )。是(shì )以(yǐ )无(wú )不(bú )满(mǎn )无(wú )不(bú )居(jū )也(yě )，集(jí )于(yú )天(tiān )地(dì )而(ér )藏(cáng )于(yú )万(wàn )物(wù )。产(chǎn )于(yú )金(jīn )石(shí )，集(jí )于(yú )诸(zhū )生(shēng )，故(gù )曰(yuē )水(shuǐ )神(shén )。”

尹(yǐn )知(zhī )章(zhāng )注(zhù )：“莫(mò )不(bú )有(yǒu )水(shuǐ )焉(yān )，不(bú )知(zhī )其(qí )所(suǒ )，故(gù )谓(wèi )之(zhī )神(shén )也(yě )。”

2.水(shuǐ )域(yù )之(zhī )神(shén )；司(sī )水(shuǐ )之(zhī )神(shén )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·秦(qín )始(shǐ )皇(huáng )本(běn )纪(jì )》：“始(shǐ )皇(huáng )梦(mèng )与(yǔ )海(hǎi )神(shén )战(zhàn )，如(rú )人(rén )状(zhuàng )。问(wèn )占(zhàn )梦(mèng )，博(bó )士(shì )曰(yuē )：‘水(shuǐ )神(shén )不(bú )可(kě )见(jiàn )，以(yǐ )大(dà )鱼(yú )蛟(jiāo )龙(lóng )为(wéi )候(hòu )。’”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·王(wáng )尊(zūn )传(chuán )》：“尊(zūn )躬(gōng )率(lǜ )吏(lì )民(mín )，投(tóu )沉(chén )白(bái )马(mǎ )，祀(sì )水(shuǐ )神(shén )河(hé )伯(bó )。”

《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )·昭(zhāo )公(gōng )十(shí )八(bā )年(nián )》“玄(xuán )冥(míng )”晋(jìn )杜(dù )预(yù )注(zhù )：“玄(xuán )冥(míng )，水(shuǐ )神(shén )。”

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●水神（简体版）