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1.失(shī )和(hé )得(dé )。指(zhǐ )事(shì )之(zhī )当(dāng )否(fǒu )、成(chéng )败(bài )、利(lì )弊(bì )、优(yōu )劣(liè )等(děng )。

《易(yì )·繫(jì )辞(cí )下(xià )》：“因(yīn )贰(èr )以(yǐ )济(jì )民(mín )行(háng )，以(yǐ )明(míng )失(shī )得(dé )之(zhī )报(bào )。”

韩(hán )康(kāng )伯(bó )注(zhù )：“得(dé )其(qí )会(huì )则(zé )吉(jí )，乖(guāi )其(qí )理(lǐ )则(zé )凶(xiōng )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“失(shī )则(zé )报(bào )之(zhī )以(yǐ )凶(xiōng )，得(dé )则(zé )报(bào )之(zhī )以(yǐ )吉(jí )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·陈(chén )蕃(fān )传(chuán )》：“陛(bì )下(xià )宜(yí )採(cǎi )求(qiú )失(shī )得(dé )，择(zé )从(cóng )忠(zhōng )善(shàn )。”

宋(sòng )曾(céng )巩(gǒng )《永(yǒng )安(ān )县(xiàn )君(jūn )李(lǐ )氏(shì )墓(mù )志(zhì )铭(míng )》：“性(xìng )有(yǒu )能(néng )否(fǒu )，行(háng )有(yǒu )失(shī )得(dé )。一(yī )当(dāng )于(yú )理(lǐ )，士(shì )有(yǒu )不(bú )克(kè )。”

《醒(xǐng )世(shì )恒(héng )言(yán )·独(dú )孤(gū )生(shēng )归(guī )途(tú )闹(nào )梦(mèng )》：“遐(xiá )叔(shū )见(jiàn )了(le )这(zhè )般(bān )险(xiǎn )路(lù )，歎(tàn )道(dào )：‘万(wàn )里(lǐ )投(tóu )人(rén )，尚(shàng )未(wèi )知(zhī )失(shī )得(dé )如(rú )何(hé )，却(què )先(xiān )受(shòu )了(le )许(xǔ )多(duō )惊(jīng )恐(kǒng )！’”

2.特(tè )指(zhǐ )弊(bì )病(bìng )、失(shī )误(wù )。

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·王(wáng )符(fú )传(chuán )》：“﹝王(wáng )符(fú )﹞志(zhì )意(yì )薀(wēn )愤(fèn )，乃(nǎi )隐(yǐn )居(jū )着(zhe )书(shū )三(sān )十(shí )馀(yú )篇(piān )，以(yǐ )讥(jī )当(dāng )时(shí )失(shī )得(dé )。”

《资(zī )治(zhì )通(tōng )鉴(jiàn )·汉(hàn )献(xiàn )帝(dì )建(jiàn )安(ān )二(èr )年(nián )》：“将(jiāng )军(jūn )举(jǔ )动(dòng )，不(bú )肯(kěn )详(xiáng )思(sī )，忽(hū )有(yǒu )失(shī )得(dé )，动(dòng )辄(zhé )言(yán )误(wù )，误(wù )岂(qǐ )可(kě )数(shù )乎(hū )！”

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●失得（简体版）