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1.谓(wèi )职(zhí )事(shì )纷(fēn )扰(rǎo )烦(fán )忙(máng )。

《诗(shī )·小(xiǎo )雅(yǎ )·北(běi )山(shān )》：“或(huò )栖(qī )迟(chí )偃(yǎn )仰(yǎng )，或(huò )王(wáng )事(shì )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )。”

毛(máo )传(chuán )：“鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，失(shī )容(róng )也(yě )。”

郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )笺(jiān )：“鞅(yāng )犹(yóu )何(hé )也(yě )，掌(zhǎng )谓(wèi )捧(pěng )之(zhī )也(yě )。负(fù )何(hé )捧(pěng )持(chí )以(yǐ )趋(qū )走(zǒu )，言(yán )促(cù )遽(jù )也(yě )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“传(chuán )以(yǐ )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )为(wéi )烦(fán )劳(láo )之(zhī )状(zhuàng )，故(gù )云(yún )失(shī )容(róng )。言(yán )事(shì )烦(fán )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )然(rán )，不(bú )暇(xiá )为(wéi )容(róng )仪(yí )也(yě )，今(jīn )俗(sú )语(yǔ )以(yǐ )职(zhí )烦(fán )为(wéi )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，其(qí )言(yán )出(chū )于(yú )此(cǐ )传(chuán )也(yě )。故(gù )郑(zhèng )以(yǐ )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )为(wéi )事(shì )烦(fán )之(zhī )实(shí )，故(gù )言(yán )鞅(yāng )犹(yóu )荷(hé )也(yě )。”

《旧(jiù )唐(táng )书(shū )·王(wáng )播(bō )传(chuán )》：“播(bō )长(zhǎng )于(yú )吏(lì )术(shù )，虽(suī )桉(ān )牍(dú )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，剖(pōu )析(xī )如(rú )流(liú )，黠(xiá )吏(lì )诋(dǐ )欺(qī )，无(wú )不(bú )彰(zhāng )败(bài )。”

明(míng )梅(méi )鼎(dǐng )祚(zuò )《玉(yù )合(hé )记(jì )·拒(jù )间(jiān )》：“贤(xián )劳(láo )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，怕(pà )不(bú )做(zuò )鸟(niǎo )尽(jìn )弓(gōng )藏(cáng )。”

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《书(shū )信(xìn )集(jí )·致(zhì )许(xǔ )寿(shòu )裳(shang )》：“大(dà )约(yuē )国(guó )事(shì )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，外(wài )出(chū )之(zhī )时(shí )居(jū )多(duō )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )一(yī )时(shí )恐(kǒng )不(bú )易(yì )见(jiàn )。”

2.指(zhǐ )勤(qín )劳(láo )的(de )人(rén )。

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·庚(gēng )桑(sāng )楚(chǔ )》：“拥(yōng )肿(zhǒng )之(zhī )与(yǔ )居(jū )，鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )之(zhī )为(wéi )使(shǐ )。”

王(wáng )先(xiān )谦(qiān )集(jí )解(jiě )：“鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，劳(láo )苦(kǔ )奔(bēn )走(zǒu )之(zhī )人(rén )。”

3.众(zhòng )多(duō )。

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·在(zài )宥(yòu )》：“浮(fú )游(yóu )不(bú )知(zhī )所(suǒ )求(qiú )，猖(chāng )狂(kuáng )不(bú )知(zhī )所(suǒ )注(zhù )。游(yóu )者(zhě )鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，以(yǐ )观(guān )无(wú )妄(wàng )。”

成(chéng )玄(xuán )英(yīng )疏(shū )：“鞅(yāng )掌(zhǎng )，众(zhòng )多(duō )也(yě )。”

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●鞅掌（简体版）