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1.比(bǐ )拟(nǐ )。

《荀(xún )子(zǐ )·强(qiáng )国(guó )》：“今(jīn )君(jūn )人(rén )者(zhě )，辟(pì )称(chēng )比(bǐ )方(fāng )，则(zé )欲(yù )自(zì )并(bìng )乎(hū )汤(tāng )武(wǔ )，若(ruò )其(qí )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )统(tǒng )之(zhī )，则(zé )无(wú )以(yǐ )异(yì )于(yú )桀(jié )纣(zhòu )。”

晋(jìn )葛(gě )洪(hóng )《抱(bào )朴(pǔ )子(zǐ )·自(zì )叙(xù )》：“每(měi )见(jiàn )世(shì )人(rén )有(yǒu )好(hǎo )论(lùn )人(rén )物(wù )者(zhě )，比(bǐ )方(fāng )伦(lún )匹(pǐ )，未(wèi )必(bì )当(dāng )允(yǔn )，而(ér )褒(bāo )贬(biǎn )与(yǔ )夺(duó )，或(huò )失(shī )准(zhǔn )格(gé )。”

唐(táng )张(zhāng )鷟(zhuó )《游(yóu )仙(xiān )窟(kū )》：“千(qiān )娇(jiāo )百(bǎi )媚(mèi )，造(zào )次(cì )无(wú )可(kě )比(bǐ )方(fāng )；弱(ruò )体(tǐ )轻(qīng )身(shēn )，谈(tán )之(zhī )不(bú )能(néng )备(bèi )尽(jìn )。”

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《且(qiě )介(jiè )亭(tíng )杂(zá )文(wén )末(mò )编(biān )·白(bái )莽(mǎng )作(zuò )＜孩(hái )儿(ér )塔(tǎ )＞序(xù )》：“一(yī )切(qiē )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )圆(yuán )熟(shú )简(jiǎn )练(liàn )，静(jìng )穆(mù )幽(yōu )远(yuǎn )之(zhī )作(zuò )，都(dōu )无(wú )须(xū )用(yòng )来(lái )作(zuò )比(bǐ )方(fāng )，因(yīn )为(wéi )这(zhè )诗(shī )属(shǔ )于(yú )别(bié )一(yī )世(shì )界(jiè )。”

2.类(lèi )似(sì )，相(xiàng )似(sì )。

汉(hàn )班(bān )固(gù )《白(bái )虎(hǔ )通(tōng )·圣(shèng )人(rén )》：“《诗(shī )》曰(yuē )：‘文(wén )王(wáng )受(shòu )命(mìng )。’非(fēi )圣(shèng )不(bú )能(néng )受(shòu )命(mìng )。

《易(yì )》曰(yuē )：‘汤(tāng )武(wǔ )革(gé )命(mìng )，顺(shùn )乎(hū )天(tiān )。’汤(tāng )武(wǔ )与(yǔ )文(wén )王(wáng )比(bǐ )方(fāng )。”

3.比(bǐ )较(jiào )，对(duì )照(zhào )。

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·魏(wèi )志(zhì )·国(guó )渊(yuān )传(chuán )》：“吏(lì )因(yīn )请(qǐng )使(shǐ )作(zuò )笺(jiān )，比(bǐ )方(fāng )其(qí )书(shū )，与(yǔ )投(tóu )书(shū )人(rén )同(tóng )手(shǒu )。收(shōu )摄(shè )桉(ān )问(wèn )，具(jù )得(dé )情(qíng )理(lǐ )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·梁(liáng )统(tǒng )传(chuán )》：“宜(yí )比(bǐ )方(fāng )今(jīn )事(shì )，验(yàn )之(zhī )往(wǎng )古(gǔ )。”

南(nán )朝(cháo )宋(sòng )范(fàn )晔(yè )《狱(yù )中(zhōng )与(yǔ )诸(zhū )甥(shēng )侄(zhí )书(shū )》：“尝(cháng )共(gòng )比(bǐ )方(fāng )班(bān )氏(shì )所(suǒ )作(zuò )，非(fēi )但(dàn )不(bú )愧(kuì )之(zhī )而(ér )已(yǐ )。”

4.顺(shùn )乎(hū )其(qí )道(dào )。

《墨(mò )子(zǐ )·明(míng )鬼(guǐ )下(xià )》：“古(gǔ )者(zhě )有(yǒu )夏(xià )，方(fāng )未(wèi )有(yǒu )祸(huò )之(zhī )时(shí )，百(bǎi )兽(shòu )贞(zhēn )虫(chóng )，允(yǔn )及(jí )飞(fēi )鸟(niǎo )，莫(mò )不(bú )比(bǐ )方(fāng )。”

孙(sūn )诒(yí )让(ràng )间(jiān )诂(gǔ )：“比(bǐ )方(fāng )，犹(yóu )言(yán )顺(shùn )道(dào )也(yě )。”

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·田(tián )子(zǐ )方(fāng )》：“日(rì )出(chū )东(dōng )方(fāng )，而(ér )入(rù )于(yú )西(xī )极(jí )，万(wàn )物(wù )莫(mò )不(bú )比(bǐ )方(fāng )。”

5.犹(yóu )譬(pì )如(rú )。举(jǔ )例(lì )说(shuō )明(míng )时(shí )的(de )发(fā )端(duān )语(yǔ )。

《二(èr )十(shí )年(nián )目(mù )睹(dǔ )之(zhī )怪(guài )现(xiàn )状(zhuàng )》第(dì )十(shí )三(sān )回(huí )：“比(bǐ )方(fāng )这(zhè )一(yī )天(tiān )公(gōng )事(shì )回(huí )的(de )多(duō )，或(huò )者(zhě )上(shàng )头(tóu )问(wèn )话(huà )多(duō )，那(nà )就(jiù )不(bú )能(néng )不(bú )耽(dān )搁(gē )时(shí )候(hòu )了(le )。”

叶(yè )紫(zǐ )《杨(yáng )七(qī )公(gōng )公(gōng )过(guò )年(nián )》：“上(shàng )海(hǎi )有(yǒu )着(zhe )各(gè )式(shì )各(gè )样(yàng )的(de )谋(móu )生(shēng )方(fāng )法(fǎ )，比(bǐ )方(fāng )说(shuō )，就(jiù )是(shì )讨(tǎo )铜(tóng )板(bǎn )吧(ba )，凭(píng )他(tā )这(zhè )几(jǐ )根(gēn )雪(xuě )白(bái )的(de )头(tóu )髮(fà )，一(yī )天(tiān )三(sān )两(liǎng )千(qiān )（文(wén )）是(shì )可(kě )以(yǐ )稳(wěn )拿(ná )的(de )！”

6.表(biǎo )示(shì )假(jiǎ )如(rú )的(de )意(yì )思(sī )。用(yòng )于(yú )委(wěi )婉(wǎn )其(qí )辞(cí )的(de )场(chǎng )合(hé )。

魏(wèi )巍(wēi )《东(dōng )方(fāng )》第(dì )六(liù )部(bù )第(dì )二(èr )章(zhāng )：“比(bǐ )方(fāng )说(shuō )，晌(shǎng )午(wǔ )水(shuǐ )暖(nuǎn )了(le )你(nǐ )再(zài )来(lái )洗(xǐ )，是(shì )不(bú )是(shì )更(gèng )好(hǎo )一(yī )些(xiē )？”

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●比方（简体版）