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古(gǔ )代(dài )出(chū )兵(bīng )，于(yú )军(jūn )队(duì )所(suǒ )止(zhǐ )处(chù )举(jǔ )行(háng )的(de )祭(jì )礼(lǐ )。

《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·春(chūn )官(guān )·甸(diàn )祝(zhù )》“掌(zhǎng )四(sì )时(shí )之(zhī )田(tián )，表(biǎo )貉(mò )之(zhī )祝(zhù )号(hào )”汉(hàn )郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )注(zhù )：“田(tián )者(zhě )习(xí )兵(bīng )之(zhī )礼(lǐ )，故(gù )亦(yì )禡(mà )祭(jì )。祷(dǎo )气(qì )势(shì )之(zhī )十(shí )百(bǎi )而(ér )多(duō )获(huò )。”

贾(jiǎ )公(gōng )彦(yàn )疏(shū )：“《诗(shī )》与(yǔ )《尔(ěr )雅(yǎ )》据(jù )出(chū )征(zhēng )之(zhī )祭(jì )，田(tián )是(shì )习(xí )兵(bīng )，故(gù )亦(yì )禡(mà )祭(jì )。云(yún )祷(dǎo )气(qì )势(shì )之(zhī )十(shí )百(bǎi )而(ér )多(duō )获(huò )者(zhě )，应(yīng )十(shí )得(dé )百(bǎi )，望(wàng )多(duō )获(huò )禽(qín )牲(shēng )，此(cǐ )解(jiě )禡(mà )字(zì )之(zhī )意(yì )。”

宋(sòng )周(zhōu )密(mì )《齐(qí )东(dōng )野(yě )语(yǔ )·出(chū )师(shī )旗(qí )摺(zhé )》：“﹝贾(jiǎ )师(shī )宪(xiàn )﹞亲(qīn )总(zǒng )大(dà )军(jūn )督(dū )师(shī )江(jiāng )上(shàng )，禡(mà )祭(jì )北(běi )关(guān )外(wài )。而(ér )大(dà )帅(shuài )之(zhī )旗(qí )适(shì )为(wéi )风(fēng )所(suǒ )折(shé )，识(shí )者(zhě )骇(hài )之(zhī )。”

明(míng )高(gāo )启(qǐ )《观(guān )军(jūn )装(zhuāng )十(shí )咏(yǒng )·纛(dào )》：“师(shī )行(háng )当(dāng )禡(mà )祭(jì )，坛(tán )下(xià )戮(lù )番(fān )生(shēng )。”

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●禡祭（简体版）