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1.即(jí )陪(péi )都(dōu )。于(yú )京(jīng )都(dōu )之(zhī )外(wài )，择(zé )地(dì )别(bié )建(jiàn )的(de )另(lìng )一(yī )都(dōu )城(chéng )。列(liè )朝(cháo )所(suǒ )指(zhǐ )不(bú )一(yī )。(1)西(xī )周(zhōu )都(dōu )镐(gǎo )京(jīng )，以(yǐ )雒(luò )邑(yì )(今(jīn )河(hé )南(nán )洛(luò )阳(yáng )故(gù )城(chéng ))为(wéi )下(xià )都(dōu )。

宋(sòng )赵(zhào )与(yǔ )时(shí )《宾(bīn )退(tuì )录(lù )》卷(juàn )五(wǔ )：“《洛(luò )诰(gào )》序(xù )云(yún )：‘周(zhōu )公(gōng )往(wǎng )营(yíng )成(chéng )周(zhōu )’，则(zé )成(chéng )周(zhōu )乃(nǎi )东(dōng )都(dōu )总(zǒng )名(míng )。

河(hé )南(nán )，成(chéng )周(zhōu )之(zhī )王(wáng )城(chéng )也(yě )；洛(luò )阳(yáng )，成(chéng )周(zhōu )之(zhī )下(xià )都(dōu )也(yě )。王(wáng )城(chéng )非(fēi )天(tiān )子(zǐ )时(shí )会(huì )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )则(zé )虚(xū )之(zhī )，下(xià )都(dōu )则(zé )保(bǎo )釐(lí )大(dà )臣(chén )所(suǒ )居(jū )治(zhì )事(shì )之(zhī )地(dì )。”(2)西(xī )晋(jìn )都(dōu )洛(luò )阳(yáng )，东(dōng )晋(jìn )称(chēng )建(jiàn )业(yè )(今(jīn )江(jiāng )苏(sū )南(nán )京(jīng )市(shì ))为(wéi )下(xià )都(dōu )。

南(nán )朝(cháo )宋(sòng )刘(liú )义(yì )庆(qìng )《世(shì )说(shuō )新(xīn )语(yǔ )·容(róng )止(zhǐ )》：“卫(wèi )玠(jiè )从(cóng )豫(yù )章(zhāng )至(zhì )下(xià )都(dōu )。人(rén )久(jiǔ )闻(wén )其(qí )名(míng )，观(guān )者(zhě )如(rú )堵(dǔ )牆(qiáng )。”(3)北(běi )齐(qí )都(dōu )邺(yè )，以(yǐ )晋(jìn )阳(yáng )(今(jīn )山(shān )西(xī )太(tài )原(yuán )市(shì )西(xī )南(nán ))为(wéi )下(xià )都(dōu )。见(jiàn )《太(tài )平(píng )御(yù )览(lǎn )》卷(juàn )一(yī )五(wǔ )五(wǔ )引(yǐn )《晋(jìn )书(shū )》。(4)北(běi )宋(sòng )都(dōu )开(kāi )封(fēng )，以(yǐ )洛(luò )阳(yáng )为(wéi )下(xià )都(dōu )。

2.神(shén )话(huà )传(chuán )说(shuō )中(zhōng )称(chēng )天(tiān )帝(dì )在(zài )地(dì )上(shàng )所(suǒ )住(zhù )的(de )都(dōu )邑(yì )。

《山(shān )海(hǎi )经(jīng )·西(xī )山(shān )经(jīng )》：“西(xī )南(nán )四(sì )百(bǎi )里(lǐ )，曰(yuē )崑(kūn )仑(lún )之(zhī )丘(qiū )，是(shì )实(shí )为(wéi )帝(dì )之(zhī )下(xià )都(dōu )。”

唐(táng )武(wǔ )则(zé )天(tiān )《归(guī )和(hé )》诗(shī )：“言(yán )旋(xuán )云(yún )洞(dòng )兮(xī )蹑(niè )烟(yān )途(tú )，永(yǒng )宁(níng )中(zhōng )宇(yǔ )兮(xī )安(ān )下(xià )都(dōu )。”

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●下都（简体版）