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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：gān nǎo tú dì

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：涂(tú )地(dì )：涂(tú )抹(mò )在(zài )地(dì )上(shàng )。形(xíng )容(róng )惨(cǎn )死(sǐ )。也(yě )形(xíng )容(róng )竭(jié )尽(jìn )忠(zhōng )诚(chéng )，任(rèn )何(hé )牺(xī )牲(shēng )都(dōu )在(zài )所(suǒ )不(bú )惜(xī )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：《史(shǐ )记(jì )·刘(liú )敬(jìng )书(shū )孙(sūn )通(tōng )列(liè )传(chuán )》：“大(dà )战(zhàn )七(qī )十(shí )，小(xiǎo )战(zhàn )四(sì )十(shí )，使(shǐ )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )民(mín )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，父(fù )子(zǐ )暴(bào )骨(gǔ )中(zhōng )野(yě )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：今(jīn )得(dé )相(xiàng )随(suí )，大(dà )称(chēng )平(píng )生(shēng )，虽(suī )～，无(wú )恨(hèn )矣(yǐ )。 ★明(míng )·罗(luó )贯(guàn )中(zhōng )《三(sān )国(guó )演(yǎn )义(yì )》第(dì )二(èr )十(shí )八(bā )回(huí )

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：马(mǎ )革(gé )裹(guǒ )尸(shī )、粉(fěn )身(shēn )碎(suì )骨(gǔ )、肝(gān )心(xīn )涂(tú )地(dì )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )谓(wèi )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )；指(zhǐ )人(rén )很(hěn )忠(zhōng )心(xīn )

【英(yīng )文(wén )】：be willing to repay a favour with extreme sacrifice

【日(rì )文(wén )】：命(mìng )(いのち)を犧(xī )牲(shēng )(ぎせい)にする，命(mìng )を投(tóu )(な)げ出(chū )す

【成(chéng )语(yǔ )故(gù )事(shì )】：汉(hàn )高(gāo )祖(zǔ )时(shí )，娄(lóu )敬(jìng )直(zhí )截(jié )了(le )当(dāng )问(wèn )刘(liú )邦(bāng )在(zài )洛(luò )阳(yáng )建(jiàn )都(dōu )是(shì )不(bú )是(shì )想(xiǎng )与(yǔ )周(zhōu )朝(cháo )比(bǐ )一(yī )比(bǐ )盛(shèng )况(kuàng )。刘(liú )邦(bāng )点(diǎn )头(tóu )应(yīng )允(yǔn )。娄(lóu )敬(jìng )说(shuō )：“你(nǐ )起(qǐ )兵(bīng )丰(fēng )沛(pèi )，经(jīng )历(lì )大(dà )小(xiǎo )战(zhàn )争(zhēng )100多(duō )场(chǎng )，天(tiān )下(xià )百(bǎi )姓(xìng )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，尸(shī )横(héng )疆(jiāng )场(chǎng )，在(zài )洛(luò )阳(yáng )建(jiàn )都(dōu )是(shì )不(bú )合(hé )适(shì )的(de )。建(jiàn )都(dōu )长(zhǎng )安(ān )则(zé )是(shì )易(yì )守(shǒu )难(nán )攻(gōng )，百(bǎi )姓(xìng )欢(huān )迎(yíng )的(de )。”

(肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì ))

亦(yì )作(zuò )“肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )”。

1.形(xíng )容(róng )战(zhàn )乱(luàn )中(zhōng )死(sǐ )亡(wáng )惨(cǎn )烈(liè )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·刘(liú )敬(jìng )叔(shū )孙(sūn )通(tōng )列(liè )传(chuán )》：“﹝陛(bì )下(xià )﹞大(dà )战(zhàn )七(qī )十(shí )，小(xiǎo )战(zhàn )四(sì )十(shí )，使(shǐ )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )民(mín )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，父(fù )子(zǐ )暴(bào )骨(gǔ )中(zhōng )野(yě )，不(bú )可(kě )胜(shèng )数(shù )。”

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·淮(huái )阴(yīn )侯(hóu )列(liè )传(chuán )》：“今(jīn )楚(chǔ )汉(hàn )分(fèn )争(zhēng )，使(shǐ )天(tiān )下(xià )无(wú )罪(zuì )之(zhī )人(rén )肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )，父(fù )子(zǐ )暴(bào )骸(hái )骨(gǔ )于(yú )中(zhōng )野(yě )，不(bú )可(kě )胜(shèng )数(shù )。”

汉(hàn )刘(liú )向(xiàng )《说(shuō )苑(yuàn )·善(shàn )说(shuō )》：“使(shǐ )食(shí )肉(ròu )者(zhě )一(yī )旦(dàn )失(shī )计(jì )于(yú )庙(miào )堂(táng )之(zhī )上(shàng )，若(ruò )臣(chén )等(děng )之(zhī )藿(huò )食(shí )者(zhě )宁(níng )得(dé )无(wú )肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )于(yú )中(zhōng )原(yuán )之(zhī )野(yě )？”

《旧(jiù )唐(táng )书(shū )·萧(xiāo )遘(gòu )传(chuán )》：“中(zhōng )原(yuán )士(shì )庶(shù )，与(yǔ )贼(zéi )血(xuè )战(zhàn )，肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，十(shí )室(shì )九(jiǔ )空(kōng )。”

明(míng )朱(zhū )鼎(dǐng )《玉(yù )镜(jìng )台(tái )记(jì )·新(xīn )亭(tíng )流(liú )涕(tì )》：“想(xiǎng )那(nà )日(rì )王(wáng )师(shī )失(shī )利(lì )，金(jīn )汤(tāng )瓦(wǎ )解(jiě )危(wēi )，忍(rěn )见(jiàn )生(shēng )灵(líng )百(bǎi )万(wàn )，肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )宗(zōng )羲(xī )《与(yǔ )康(kāng )明(míng )府(fǔ )书(shū )》：“宁(níng )肯(kěn )坐(zuò )视(shì )宇(yǔ )下(xià )之(zhī )小(xiǎo )民(mín )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )而(ér )不(bú )为(wéi )之(zhī )动(dòng )心(xīn )乎(hū )？”

2.形(xíng )容(róng )尽(jìn )忠(zhōng )竭(jié )力(lì )，不(bú )惜(xī )一(yī )死(sǐ )。

《韩(hán )诗(shī )外(wài )传(chuán )》卷(juàn )七(qī )：“臣(chén )先(xiān )殿(diàn )上(shàng )绝(jué )缨(yīng )者(zhě )也(yě )，当(dāng )时(shí )宜(yí )以(yǐ )肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )，负(fù )日(rì )久(jiǔ )矣(yǐ )。”

汉(hàn )刘(liú )向(xiàng )《说(shuō )苑(yuàn )·复(fù )恩(ēn )》：“常(cháng )愿(yuàn )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，用(yòng )颈(jǐng )血(xuè )湔(jiān )敌(dí )久(jiǔ )矣(yǐ )。”

唐(táng )陈(chén )子(zǐ )昂(áng )《为(wéi )副(fù )大(dà )总(zǒng )管(guǎn )苏(sū )将(jiāng )军(jūn )谢(xiè )罪(zuì )表(biǎo )》：“肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，少(shǎo )答(dá )鸿(hóng )私(sī )，不(bú )胜(shèng )荷(hé )戴(dài )再(zài )生(shēng )荣(róng )幸(xìng )之(zhī )至(zhì )。”

《宣(xuān )和(hé )遗(yí )事(shì )》前(qián )集(jí )：“倘(tǎng )有(yǒu )忧(yōu )危(wēi )，臣(chén )等(děng )誓(shì )肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )，以(yǐ )报(bào )陛(bì )下(xià )恩(ēn )德(dé )。”

《三(sān )国(guó )演(yǎn )义(yì )》第(dì )八(bā )五(wǔ )回(huí )：“孔(kǒng )明(míng )曰(yuē )：‘臣(chén )虽(suī )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，安(ān )能(néng )报(bào )知(zhī )遇(yù )之(zhī )恩(ēn )也(yě )！’”

《水(shuǐ )浒(hǔ )传(chuán )》第(dì )六(liù )七(qī )回(huí )：“上(shàng )託(tuō )兄(xiōng )长(zhǎng )虎(hǔ )威(wēi )，深(shēn )感(gǎn )众(zhòng )头(tóu )领(lǐng )之(zhī )德(dé )，齐(qí )心(xīn )併(bìng )力(lì )，救(jiù )拔(bá )贱(jiàn )体(tǐ )，肝(gān )胆(dǎn )涂(tú )地(dì )，难(nán )以(yǐ )报(bào )答(dá )。”

曹(cáo )禺(yú )等(děng )《胆(dǎn )剑(jiàn )篇(piān )》第(dì )五(wǔ )幕(mù )：“勾(gōu )践(jiàn )今(jīn )天(tiān )纵(zòng )然(rán )从(cóng )命(mìng )，只(zhī )要(yào )大(dà )王(wáng )心(xīn )存(cún )疑(yí )虑(lǜ )，勾(gōu )践(jiàn )就(jiù )是(shì )肝(gān )脑(nǎo )涂(tú )地(dì )，也(yě )难(nán )求(qiú )得(dé )今(jīn )后(hòu )的(de )相(xiàng )安(ān )。”

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●肝脑涂地（简体版）