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(上(shàng )闻(wén )，上(shàng )闻(wén ))

1.向(xiàng )朝(cháo )廷(tíng )呈(chéng )报(bào )。

《鶡(hé )冠(guàn )子(zǐ )·王(wáng )鈇(fū )》：“柱(zhù )国(guó )不(bú )政(zhèng )，使(shǐ )下(xià )情(qíng )不(bú )上(shàng )闻(wén )，上(shàng )情(qíng )不(bú )下(xià )究(jiū )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·谷(gǔ )永(yǒng )传(chuán )》：“臣(chén )闻(wén )王(wáng )天(tiān )下(xià )有(yǒu )国(guó )家(jiā )者(zhě )，患(huàn )在(zài )上(shàng )有(yǒu )危(wēi )亡(wáng )之(zhī )事(shì )，而(ér )危(wēi )亡(wáng )之(zhī )言(yán )不(bú )得(dé )上(shàng )闻(wén )。”

唐(táng )韩(hán )愈(yù )《与(yǔ )华(huá )州(zhōu )李(lǐ )尚(shàng )书(shū )书(shū )》：“愚(yú )以(yǐ )为(wéi )苟(gǒu )虑(lǜ )有(yǒu )所(suǒ )及(jí )，宜(yí )密(mì )以(yǐ )上(shàng )闻(wén )，不(bú )宜(yí )以(yǐ )疏(shū )外(wài )自(zì )待(dài )。”

清(qīng )侯(hóu )方(fāng )域(yù )《宦(huàn )官(guān )论(lùn )》：“今(jīn )也(yě )，外(wài )臣(chén )不(bú )敢(gǎn )与(yǔ )闻(wén )内(nèi )事(shì )，而(ér )中(zhōng )贵(guì )苛(kē )刻(kè )暴(bào )横(héng )，民(mín )间(jiān )私(sī )语(yǔ )，皆(jiē )採(cǎi )以(yǐ )上(shàng )闻(wén )。”

2.古(gǔ )赐(cì )爵(jué )名(míng )。亦(yì )称(chēng )“上(shàng )闻(wén )爵(jué )”。

《吕(lǚ )氏(shì )春(chūn )秋(qiū )·下(xià )贤(xián )》：“﹝魏(wèi )文(wén )侯(hóu )﹞虏(lǔ )齐(qí )侯(hóu )献(xiàn )诸(zhū )天(tiān )子(zǐ )，天(tiān )子(zǐ )赏(shǎng )文(wén )侯(hóu )以(yǐ )上(shàng )闻(wén )。”

《吕(lǚ )氏(shì )春(chūn )秋(qiū )·上(shàng )农(nóng )》：“农(nóng )不(bú )上(shàng )闻(wén )，不(bú )敢(gǎn )私(sī )籍(jí )于(yú )庸(yōng )。”

许(xǔ )维(wéi )遹(yù )集(jí )释(shì )引(yǐn )孙(sūn )诒(yí )让(ràng )曰(yuē )：“上(shàng )闻(wén )，赐(cì )爵(jué )也(yě )，亦(yì )谓(wèi )通(tōng )名(míng )于(yú )官(guān )也(yě )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·樊(fán )哙(kuài )传(chuán )》：“﹝哙(kuài )﹞下(xià )户(hù )牖(yǒu )，破(pò )李(lǐ )由(yóu )军(jūn )，斩(zhǎn )首(shǒu )十(shí )六(liù )级(jí )。赐(cì )上(shàng )闻(wén )爵(jué )。”

颜(yán )师(shī )古(gǔ )注(zhù )引(yǐn )张(zhāng )晏(yàn )曰(yuē )：“得(dé )径(jìng )上(shàng )闻(wén )也(yě )。”

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