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1.山(shān )名(míng )。在(zài )今(jīn )江(jiāng )苏(sū )省(shěng )南(nán )京(jīng )市(shì )东(dōng )南(nán )。传(chuán )说(shuō )为(wéi )秦(qín )始(shǐ )皇(huáng )凿(záo )断(duàn )金(jīn )陵(líng )山(shān )以(yǐ )疏(shū )淮(huái )水(shuǐ )处(chù )，其(qí )地(dì )四(sì )方(fāng )而(ér )峭(qiào )绝(jué )，故(gù )名(míng )。

清(qīng )侯(hóu )方(fāng )域(yù )《定(dìng )鼎(dǐng )说(shuō )》：“﹝秦(qín )﹞鉴(jiàn )观(guān )秣(mò )陵(líng )，厥(jué )有(yǒu )王(wáng )气(qì )，令(lìng )朱(zhū )衣(yī )三(sān )千(qiān )之(zhī )众(zhòng )，凿(záo )立(lì )方(fāng )山(shān )，疏(shū )迤(yǐ )水(shuǐ )道(dào )。”

2.指(zhǐ )方(fāng )山(shān )冠(guàn )。

章(zhāng )炳(bǐng )麟(lín )《杂(zá )感(gǎn )》诗(shī )之(zhī )二(èr )：“谁(shuí )教(jiāo )两(liǎng )犬(quǎn )竞(jìng )呀(ya )呀(ya )，貂(diāo )尾(wěi )方(fāng )山(shān )总(zǒng )一(yī )家(jiā )。恨(hèn )少(shǎo )舞(wǔ )阳(yáng )屠(tú )狗(gǒu )侣(lǚ )，扫(sǎo )除(chú )群(qún )吠(fèi )在(zài )潼(tóng )华(huá )。”此(cǐ )借(jiè )指(zhǐ )汉(hàn )族(zú )文(wén )职(zhí )官(guān )僚(liáo )。参(cān )见(jiàn )“方(fāng )山(shān )冠(guàn )”。

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●方山（简体版）