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(满(mǎn )族(zú )，满(mǎn )族(zú ))

中(zhōng )国(guó )少(shǎo )数(shù )民(mín )族(zú )之(zhī )一(yī )。主(zhǔ )要(yào )分(fèn )布(bù )在(zài )辽(liáo )宁(níng )、吉(jí )林(lín )、黑(hēi )龙(lóng )江(jiāng )三(sān )省(shěng )，以(yǐ )辽(liáo )宁(níng )省(shěng )为(wéi )最(zuì )多(duō )。其(qí )馀(yú )散(sàn )居(jū )在(zài )河(hé )北(běi )、新(xīn )疆(jiāng )、甘(gān )肃(sù )、宁(níng )夏(xià )、山(shān )东(dōng )等(děng )省(shěng )区(qū )和(hé )北(běi )京(jīng )、成(chéng )都(dōu )、西(xī )安(ān )、广(guǎng )州(zhōu )等(děng )市(shì )。人(rén )口(kǒu )约(yuē )四(sì )百(bǎi )三(sān )十(shí )万(wàn )(1982年(nián ))。

明(míng )万(wàn )曆(lì )四(sì )十(shí )四(sì )年(nián )，原(yuán )建(jiàn )州(zhōu )女(nǚ )真(zhēn )首(shǒu )领(lǐng )努(nǔ )尔(ěr )哈(hā )赤(chì )建(jiàn )立(lì )后(hòu )金(jīn )政(zhèng )权(quán )。

崇(chóng )德(dé )元(yuán )年(nián )(公(gōng )元(yuán )1636年(nián ))改(gǎi )后(hòu )金(jīn )为(wéi )清(qīng )。

顺(shùn )治(zhì )元(yuán )年(nián )(公(gōng )元(yuán )1644年(nián ))清(qīng )军(jūn )入(rù )关(guān )，夺(duó )取(qǔ )中(zhōng )央(yāng )政(zhèng )权(quán )，大(dà )批(pī )满(mǎn )族(zú )入(rù )关(guān )，形(xíng )成(chéng )满(mǎn )汉(hàn )杂(zá )居(jū )局(jú )面(miàn )。操(cāo )满(mǎn )语(yǔ )，属(shǔ )阿(ā )尔(ěr )泰(tài )语(yǔ )系(xì )满(mǎn )－－通(tōng )古(gǔ )斯(sī )语(yǔ )族(zú )满(mǎn )语(yǔ )支(zhī )。现(xiàn )多(duō )通(tōng )用(yòng )汉(hàn )语(yǔ )文(wén )。百(bǎi )分(fèn )之(zhī )八(bā )十(shí )以(yǐ )上(shàng )从(cóng )事(shì )农(nóng )业(yè )。城(chéng )市(shì )居(jū )民(mín )大(dà )多(duō )从(cóng )事(shì )工(gōng )业(yè )。

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