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(石(shí )经(jīng )，石(shí )经(jīng ))

1.刻(kè )在(zài )石(shí )上(shàng )的(de )儒(rú )家(jiā )经(jīng )典(diǎn )。

汉(hàn )平(píng )帝(dì )元(yuán )始(shǐ )元(yuán )年(nián )王(wáng )莽(mǎng )命(mìng )甄(zhēn )丰(fēng )摹(mó )古(gǔ )文(wén )《易(yì )》、《书(shū )》、《诗(shī )》、《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )》于(yú )石(shí )，此(cǐ )为(wéi )石(shí )经(jīng )之(zhī )始(shǐ )。

汉(hàn )代(dài )以(yǐ )后(hòu )其(qí )文(wén )字(zì )至(zhì )今(jīn )尚(shàng )可(kě )考(kǎo )见(jiàn )者(zhě )，有(yǒu )：(1)汉(hàn )灵(líng )帝(dì )熹(xī )平(píng )四(sì )年(nián )(公(gōng )元(yuán )175年(nián ))蔡(cài )邕(yōng )用(yòng )隶(lì )书(shū )写(xiě )成(chéng )的(de )“熹(xī )平(píng )石(shí )经(jīng )”，(2)三(sān )国(guó )魏(wèi )齐(qí )王(wáng )(曹(cáo )芳(fāng ))正(zhèng )始(shǐ )(公(gōng )元(yuán )240－248年(nián ))中(zhōng )用(yòng )古(gǔ )文(wén )、篆(zhuàn )、隶(lì )三(sān )体(tǐ )刻(kè )石(shí )的(de )“正(zhèng )始(shǐ )石(shí )经(jīng )”，亦(yì )称(chēng )“三(sān )体(tǐ )石(shí )经(jīng )”。(3)唐(táng )文(wén )宗(zōng )开(kāi )成(chéng )二(èr )年(nián )(公(gōng )元(yuán )837年(nián ))用(yòng )楷(kǎi )书(shū )刻(kè )石(shí )的(de )“唐(táng )开(kāi )成(chéng )石(shí )经(jīng )”。(4)后(hòu )蜀(shǔ )孟(mèng )昶(chǎng )命(mìng )毋(wú )昭(zhāo )裔(yì )督(dū )造(zào )的(de )楷(kǎi )书(shū )“蜀(shǔ )石(shí )经(jīng )”，又(yòu )称(chēng )“广(guǎng )政(zhèng )石(shí )经(jīng )”。(5)宋(sòng )仁(rén )宗(zōng )嘉(jiā )祐(yòu )六(liù )年(nián )(公(gōng )元(yuán )1061年(nián ))竣(jùn )工(gōng )的(de )“北(běi )宋(sòng )石(shí )经(jīng )”，因(yīn )用(yòng )篆(zhuàn )、隶(lì )二(èr )体(tǐ )，又(yòu )称(chēng )“二(èr )字(zì )石(shí )经(jīng )”。(6)宋(sòng )高(gāo )宗(zōng )时(shí )御(yù )书(shū )刻(kè )石(shí )的(de )“南(nán )宋(sòng )石(shí )经(jīng )”，亦(yì )称(chēng )“宋(sòng )高(gāo )宗(zōng )御(yù )书(shū )石(shí )经(jīng )”。(7)清(qīng )乾(qián )隆(lóng )年(nián )间(jiān )刻(kè )石(shí )的(de )“清(qīng )石(shí )经(jīng )”。参(cān )阅(yuè )清(qīng )顾(gù )炎(yán )武(wǔ )《石(shí )经(jīng )考(kǎo )》、清(qīng )万(wàn )斯(sī )同(tóng )《石(shí )经(jīng )考(kǎo )》、近(jìn )人(rén )张(zhāng )国(guó )淦(gàn )《历(lì )代(dài )石(shí )经(jīng )考(kǎo )》。

2.刻(kè )于(yú )摩(mó )崖(yá )或(huò )碑(bēi )版(bǎn )上(shàng )的(de )佛(fó )经(jīng )。现(xiàn )存(cún )石(shí )碑(bēi )刻(kè )经(jīng )规(guī )模(mó )最(zuì )大(dà )的(de )是(shì )北(běi )京(jīng )房(fáng )山(shān )云(yún )居(jū )寺(sì )附(fù )近(jìn )的(de )石(shí )经(jīng )。从(cóng )隋(suí )代(dài )大(dà )业(yè )年(nián )间(jiān )(公(gōng )元(yuán )七(qī )世(shì )纪(jì )初(chū ))刻(kè )起(qǐ )，到(dào )明(míng )代(dài )万(wàn )曆(lì )、天(tiān )启(qǐ )年(nián )间(jiān )(公(gōng )元(yuán )十(shí )七(qī )世(shì )纪(jì )初(chū ))为(wéi )止(zhǐ )，大(dà )部(bù )分(fèn )重(zhòng )要(yào )佛(fó )经(jīng )都(dōu )已(yǐ )刻(kè )成(chéng )。

唐(táng )皮(pí )日(rì )休(xiū )《开(kāi )元(yuán )寺(sì )避(bì )暑(shǔ )怀(huái )鲁(lǔ )望(wàng )》诗(shī )：“石(shí )经(jīng )森(sēn )欲(yù )动(dòng )，珠(zhū )像(xiàng )俨(yǎn )将(jiāng )恰(qià )。”

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