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(占(zhàn )鳌(áo )头(tóu )，占(zhàn )鳌(áo )头(tóu ))

1.俗(sú )称(chēng )科(kē )举(jǔ )时(shí )状(zhuàng )元(yuán )及(jí )第(dì )。

元(yuán )王(wáng )实(shí )甫(fǔ )《西(xī )厢(xiāng )记(jì )》第(dì )五(wǔ )本(běn )第(dì )一(yī )摺(zhé )：“谁(shuí )承(chéng )望(wàng )跳(tiào )东(dōng )牆(qiáng )脚(jiǎo )步(bù )儿(ér )占(zhàn )了(le )鳌(áo )头(tóu )，怎(zěn )想(xiǎng )到(dào )惜(xī )花(huā )心(xīn )养(yǎng )成(chéng )折(shé )桂(guì )手(shǒu )。”

清(qīng )洪(hóng )亮(liàng )吉(jí )《北(běi )江(jiāng )诗(shī )话(huà )》卷(juàn )三(sān )：“俗(sú )语(yǔ )谓(wèi )状(zhuàng )元(yuán )独(dú )占(zhàn )鼇(áo )头(tóu )，语(yǔ )非(fēi )尽(jìn )无(wú )稽(jī )。胪(lú )传(chuán )毕(bì )，赞(zàn )礼(lǐ )官(guān )引(yǐn )东(dōng )班(bān )状(zhuàng )元(yuán )、西(xī )班(bān )榜(bǎng )眼(yǎn )二(èr )人(rén )，前(qián )趋(qū )至(zhì )殿(diàn )陛(bì )下(xià )，迎(yíng )殿(diàn )试(shì )榜(bǎng )。抵(dǐ )陛(bì )，则(zé )状(zhuàng )元(yuán )稍(shāo )前(qián )，进(jìn )立(lì )中(zhōng )陛(bì )石(shí )上(shàng )，石(shí )正(zhèng )中(zhōng )镌(juān )升(shēng )龙(lóng )及(jí )巨(jù )鼇(áo )，盖(gài )警(jǐng )跸(bì )出(chū )入(rù )所(suǒ )由(yóu )，即(jí )古(gǔ )所(suǒ )谓(wèi )螭(chī )头(tóu )矣(yǐ )。俗(sú )语(yǔ )所(suǒ )本(běn )以(yǐ )此(cǐ )。”

2.旧(jiù )俗(sú )夏(xià )曆(lì )二(èr )月(yuè )二(èr )日(rì )儿(ér )童(tóng )入(rù )学(xué )之(zhī )吉(jí )利(lì )语(yǔ )。

清(qīng )潘(pān )荣(róng )陛(bì )《帝(dì )京(jīng )岁(suì )时(shí )纪(jì )胜(shèng )·二(èr )月(yuè )·薰(xūn )虫(chóng )》：“二(èr )日(rì )为(wéi )龙(lóng )揖(yī )头(tóu )日(rì )……小(xiǎo )儿(ér )辈(bèi )懒(lǎn )学(xué )，是(shì )日(rì )始(shǐ )进(jìn )书(shū )房(fáng )，曰(yuē )占(zhàn )鳌(áo )头(tóu )。”

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●占鳌头（简体版）