程朱学派
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(程(chéng )朱(zhū )学(xué )派(pài ),程(chéng )朱(zhū )学(xué )派(pài ))
宋(sòng )代(dài )理(lǐ )学(xué )的(de )主(zhǔ )要(yào )派(pài )别(bié )。首(shǒu )创(chuàng )者(zhě )为(wéi )北(běi )宋(sòng )程(chéng )颢(hào )、程(chéng )颐(yí ),集(jí )大(dà )成(chéng )者(zhě )为(wéi )南(nán )宋(sòng )朱(zhū )熹(xī )。他(tā )们(men )提(tí )倡(chàng )性(xìng )理(lǐ ),认(rèn )为(wéi )理(lǐ )为(wéi )宇(yǔ )宙(zhòu )之(zhī )本(běn )原(yuán ),人(rén )性(xìng )为(wéi )理(lǐ )的(de )体(tǐ )现(xiàn )。主(zhǔ )张(zhāng )为(wéi )学(xué )之(zhī )道(dào )在(zài )“穷(qióng )天(tiān )理(lǐ ),去(qù )人(rén )欲(yù )”,其(qí )方(fāng )法(fǎ )为(wéi )“居(jū )敬(jìng )穷(qióng )理(lǐ )”,既(jì )作(zuò )“敬(jìng )”的(de )修(xiū )养(yǎng )功(gōng )夫(fū ),又(yòu )穷(qióng )天(tiān )下(xià )万(wàn )物(wù )之(zhī )理(lǐ )以(yǐ )致(zhì )知(zhī )。因(yīn )为(wéi )他(tā )们(men )的(de )学(xué )说(shuō )基(jī )本(běn )一(yī )致(zhì ),后(hòu )人(rén )称(chēng )之(zhī )为(wéi )程(chéng )朱(zhū )学(xué )派(pài ),也(yě )称(chēng )程(chéng )朱(zhū )理(lǐ )学(xué )。由(yóu )于(yú )封(fēng )建(jiàn )统(tǒng )治(zhì )阶(jiē )级(jí )的(de )大(dà )力(lì )提(tí )倡(chàng ),该(gāi )学(xué )派(pài )曾(céng )长(zhǎng )期(qī )保(bǎo )持(chí )思(sī )想(xiǎng )上(shàng )的(de )统(tǒng )治(zhì )地(dì )位(wèi )。
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