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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：niú tí zhōng yú

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：牛(niú )蹄(tí )：是(shì )指(zhǐ )牛(niú )蹄(tí )印(yìn )里(lǐ )的(de )积(jī )水(shuǐ )。牛(niú )蹄(tí )印(yìn )坑(kēng )里(lǐ )的(de )鱼(yú )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )死(sǐ )期(qī )迫(pò )近(jìn )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：三(sān )国(guó )（魏(wèi )）·应(yīng )璩(qú )《与(yǔ )韦(wéi )仲(zhòng )将(jiāng )书(shū )》：“诚(chéng )恐(kǒng )将(jiāng )为(wéi )牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú )，卒(zú )鲍(bào )氏(shì )之(zhī )肆(sì )矣(yǐ )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：晋(jìn )·陈(chén )寿(shòu )《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·吴(wú )志(zhì )·吕(lǚ )蒙(méng )传(chuán )》：“今(jīn )子(zǐ )太(tài )以(yǐ )旦(dàn )夕(xī )之(zhī )命(mìng )，待(dài )不(bú )可(kě )望(wàng )之(zhī )数(shù )，犹(yóu )～，冀(jì )赖(lài )江(jiāng )汉(hàn )，其(qí )不(bú )可(kě )恃(shì )亦(yì )明(míng )矣(yǐ )。”

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：牛(niú )蹄(tí )之(zhī )鱼(yú )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )主(zhǔ )语(yǔ )、宾(bīn )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )；用(yòng )于(yú )比(bǐ )喻(yù )句(jù )

【成(chéng )语(yǔ )故(gù )事(shì )】：战(zhàn )国(guó )时(shí )期(qī )，宋(sòng )国(guó )庄(zhuāng )周(zhōu )家(jiā )贫(pín )，一(yī )次(cì )向(xiàng )他(tā )的(de )朋(péng )友(yǒu )监(jiān )河(hé )侯(hóu )借(jiè )粮(liáng )食(shí )时(shí )，朋(péng )友(yǒu )推(tuī )说(shuō )等(děng )收(shōu )了(le )租(zū )再(zài )借(jiè )给(gěi )他(tā )。他(tā )给(gěi )朋(péng )友(yǒu )讲(jiǎng )：路(lù )上(shàng )遇(yù )到(dào )一(yī )条(tiáo )牛(niú )蹄(tí )印(yìn )里(lǐ )水(shuǐ )快(kuài )干(gàn )的(de )鲫(jì )鱼(yú )向(xiàng )他(tā )求(qiú )助(zhù )，他(tā )答(dá )应(yīng )鲫(jì )鱼(yú )说(shuō )到(dào )要(yào )去(qù )吴(wú )国(guó )越(yuè )国(guó )去(qù )给(gěi )他(tā )借(jiè )水(shuǐ )，鲫(jì )鱼(yú )说(shuō )等(děng )你(nǐ )回(huí )来(lái )时(shí )，我(wǒ )已(yǐ )经(jīng )挂(guà )在(zài )鱼(yú )肆(sì )了(le )

(牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú )，牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú ))

处(chù )在(zài )牛(niú )蹄(tí )踏(tà )出(chū )的(de )小(xiǎo )坑(kēng )裡(lǐ )的(de )鱼(yú )。喻(yù )濒(bīn )临(lín )绝(jué )境(jìng )。语(yǔ )本(běn )汉(hàn )刘(liú )向(xiàng )《说(shuō )苑(yuàn )·善(shàn )说(shuō )》：“庄(zhuāng )周(zhōu )贫(pín )者(zhě )，往(wǎng )贷(dài )粟(sù )于(yú )魏(wèi )文(wén )侯(hóu )。

文(wén )侯(hóu )曰(yuē )：‘待(dài )吾(wú )邑(yì )粟(sù )之(zhī )来(lái )而(ér )献(xiàn )之(zhī )。’周(zhōu )曰(yuē )：‘乃(nǎi )今(jīn )者(zhě )周(zhōu )之(zhī )来(lái )见(jiàn )，道(dào )傍(bàng )牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )有(yǒu )鲋(fù )鱼(yú )焉(yān )，大(dà )息(xī )谓(wèi )周(zhōu )曰(yuē )：“我(wǒ )尚(shàng )可(kě )活(huó )也(yě )。”

周(zhōu )曰(yuē )：“须(xū )我(wǒ )为(wéi )汝(rǔ )南(nán )见(jiàn )楚(chǔ )王(wáng )，决(jué )江(jiāng )淮(huái )以(yǐ )溉(gài )汝(rǔ )。”鲋(fù )鱼(yú )曰(yuē )：“今(jīn )吾(wú )命(mìng )在(zài )盆(pén )瓮(wèng )之(zhī )中(zhōng )耳(ěr )，乃(nǎi )为(wéi )我(wǒ )见(jiàn )楚(chǔ )王(wáng )，决(jué )江(jiāng )淮(huái )以(yǐ )溉(gài )我(wǒ )，汝(rǔ )即(jí )求(qiú )我(wǒ )枯(kū )鱼(yú )之(zhī )肆(sì )矣(yǐ )。”’”

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·外(wài )物(wù )》有(yǒu )类(lèi )似(sì )记(jì )载(zǎi )，作(zuò )“车(chē )辙(zhé )中(zhōng )有(yǒu )鲋(fù )鱼(yú )焉(yān )”。

《艺(yì )文(wén )类(lèi )聚(jù )》卷(juàn )三(sān )五(wǔ )引(yǐn )三(sān )国(guó )魏(wèi )应(yīng )璩(qú )《与(yǔ )韦(wéi )仲(zhòng )将(jiāng )书(shū )》：“人(rén )非(fēi )神(shén )仙(xiān )，须(xū )仰(yǎng )衣(yī )食(shí )。方(fāng )今(jīn )体(tǐ )寒(hán )心(xīn )饥(jī )……西(xī )望(wàng )陵(líng )县(xiàn )厨(chú )食(shí )之(zhī )禄(lù )，诚(chéng )恐(kǒng )将(jiāng )为(wéi )牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú )，卒(zú )鲍(bào )氏(shì )之(zhī )肆(sì )矣(yǐ )。”

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·吴(wú )志(zhì )·吕(lǚ )蒙(méng )传(chuán )》：“今(jīn )子(zǐ )太(tài )以(yǐ )旦(dàn )夕(xī )之(zhī )命(mìng )，待(dài )不(bú )可(kě )望(wàng )之(zhī )救(jiù )，犹(yóu )牛(niú )蹄(tí )中(zhōng )鱼(yú )，冀(jì )赖(lài )江(jiāng )汉(hàn )，其(qí )不(bú )可(kě )恃(shì )亦(yì )明(míng )矣(yǐ )。”亦(yì )作(zuò )“牛(niú )蹄(tí )之(zhī )鱼(yú )”。

《孔(kǒng )丛(cóng )子(zǐ )·连(lián )丛(cóng )子(zǐ )下(xià )》：“且(qiě )今(jīn )已(yǐ )乏(fá )矣(yǐ )，而(ér )方(fāng )须(xū )租(zū )入(rù )，是(shì )犹(yóu )古(gǔ )人(rén )欲(yù )决(jué )江(jiāng )海(hǎi )以(yǐ )救(jiù )牛(niú )蹄(tí )之(zhī )鱼(yú )之(zhī )类(lèi )也(yě )。”

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●牛蹄中鱼（简体版）