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(华(huá )表(biǎo )，华(huá )表(biǎo ))

1.古(gǔ )代(dài )用(yòng )以(yǐ )表(biǎo )示(shì )王(wáng )者(zhě )纳(nà )谏(jiàn )或(huò )指(zhǐ )示(shì )道(dào )路(lù )的(de )木(mù )柱(zhù )。

晋(jìn )崔(cuī )豹(bào )《古(gǔ )今(jīn )注(zhù )·问(wèn )答(dá )释(shì )义(yì )》：“程(chéng )雅(yǎ )问(wèn )曰(yuē )：‘尧(yáo )设(shè )诽(fěi )谤(bàng )之(zhī )木(mù )，何(hé )也(yě )？’答(dá )曰(yuē )：‘今(jīn )之(zhī )华(huá )表(biǎo )木(mù )也(yě )。以(yǐ )横(héng )木(mù )交(jiāo )柱(zhù )头(tóu )，状(zhuàng )若(ruò )花(huā )也(yě )，形(xíng )似(sì )桔(jú )槔(gāo )，大(dà )路(lù )交(jiāo )衢(qú )悉(xī )施(shī )焉(yān )。或(huò )谓(wèi )之(zhī )表(biǎo )木(mù )，以(yǐ )表(biǎo )王(wáng )者(zhě )纳(nà )谏(jiàn )也(yě )。亦(yì )以(yǐ )表(biǎo )识(shí )衢(qú )路(lù )也(yě )。’”北(běi )魏(wèi )杨(yáng )衒(xuàn )之(zhī )《洛(luò )阳(yáng )伽(gā )蓝(lán )记(jì )·龙(lóng )华(huá )寺(sì )》：“﹝洛(luò )水(shuǐ )﹞南(nán )北(běi )两(liǎng )岸(àn )有(yǒu )华(huá )表(biǎo )，举(jǔ )高(gāo )二(èr )十(shí )丈(zhàng )，华(huá )表(biǎo )上(shàng )作(zuò )凤(fèng )凰(huáng )，似(sì )欲(yù )冲(chōng )天(tiān )势(shì )。”

周(zhōu )祖(zǔ )谟(mó )注(zhù )：“华(huá )表(biǎo )，所(suǒ )以(yǐ )表(biǎo )识(shí )道(dào )路(lù )者(zhě )也(yě )……古(gǔ )代(dài )建(jiàn )筑(zhù )前(qián )路(lù )边(biān )每(měi )有(yǒu )石(shí )华(huá )表(biǎo )。”

2.古(gǔ )代(dài )设(shè )在(zài )桥(qiáo )梁(liáng )、宫(gōng )殿(diàn )、城(chéng )垣(yuán )或(huò )陵(líng )墓(mù )等(děng )前(qián )兼(jiān )作(zuò )装(zhuāng )饰(shì )用(yòng )的(de )巨(jù )大(dà )柱(zhù )子(zǐ )。设(shè )在(zài )陵(líng )墓(mù )前(qián )的(de )又(yòu )名(míng )“墓(mù )表(biǎo )”。一(yī )般(bān )为(wéi )石(shí )造(zào )。柱(zhù )身(shēn )往(wǎng )往(wǎng )凋(diāo )有(yǒu )纹(wén )饰(shì )。

北(běi )京(jīng )天(tiān )安(ān )门(mén )前(qián )后(hòu )的(de )两(liǎng )对(duì )，凋(diāo )刻(kè )精(jīng )美(měi )，是(shì )华(huá )表(biǎo )中(zhōng )杰(jié )出(chū )的(de )代(dài )表(biǎo )作(zuò )。

北(běi )周(zhōu )庾(yǔ )信(xìn )《燕(yàn )歌(gē )行(háng )》：“定(dìng )取(qǔ )金(jīn )丹(dān )作(zuò )几(jǐ )服(fú )，能(néng )令(lìng )华(huá )表(biǎo )得(dé )千(qiān )年(nián )。”

唐(táng )杜(dù )甫(fǔ )《陪(péi )李(lǐ )七(qī )司(sī )马(mǎ )皂(zào )江(jiāng )上(shàng )观(guān )造(zào )竹(zhú )桥(qiáo )》诗(shī )：“天(tiān )寒(hán )白(bái )鹤(hè )归(guī )华(huá )表(biǎo )，日(rì )落(luò )青(qīng )龙(lóng )见(jiàn )水(shuǐ )中(zhōng )。”

《古(gǔ )今(jīn )小(xiǎo )说(shuō )·羊(yáng )角(jiǎo )哀(āi )捨(shě )命(mìng )全(quán )交(jiāo )》：“四(sì )围(wéi )筑(zhù )牆(qiáng )栽(zāi )树(shù )，离(lí )坟(fén )三(sān )十(shí )步(bù )建(jiàn )享(xiǎng )堂(táng )，塑(sù )伯(bó )桃(táo )仪(yí )容(róng )，立(lì )华(huá )表(biǎo )，柱(zhù )上(shàng )建(jiàn )牌(pái )额(é )。”

3.指(zhǐ )房(fáng )屋(wū )外(wài )部(bù )的(de )华(huá )美(měi )装(zhuāng )饰(shì )。

《文(wén )选(xuǎn )·何(hé )晏(yàn )＜景(jǐng )福(fú )殿(diàn )赋(fù )＞》：“皓(hào )皓(hào )旰(gàn )旰(gàn )，丹(dān )彩(cǎi )煌(huáng )煌(huáng )，故(gù )其(qí )华(huá )表(biǎo )则(zé )镐(gǎo )镐(gǎo )铄(shuò )铄(shuò )，赫(hè )奕(yì )章(zhāng )灼(zhuó )。”

李(lǐ )善(shàn )注(zhù )：“华(huá )表(biǎo )，谓(wèi )华(huá )饰(shì )屋(wū )外(wài )之(zhī )表(biǎo )也(yě )。”

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