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(胜(shèng )兵(bīng )，胜(shèng )兵(bīng ))

I

指(zhǐ )能(néng )充(chōng )当(dāng )兵(bīng )士(shì )参(cān )加(jiā )作(zuò )战(zhàn )的(de )人(rén )。

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·西(xī )域(yù )传(chuán )上(shàng )·婼(chuò )羌(qiāng )》：“户(hù )四(sì )百(bǎi )五(wǔ )十(shí )，口(kǒu )千(qiān )七(qī )百(bǎi )五(wǔ )十(shí )，胜(shèng )兵(bīng )者(zhě )五(wǔ )百(bǎi )人(rén )。”

《梁(liáng )书(shū )·冯(féng )道(dào )根(gēn )传(chuán )》：“率(lǜ )乡(xiāng )人(rén )子(zǐ )弟(dì )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )者(zhě )，悉(xī )归(guī )高(gāo )祖(zǔ )。”

宋(sòng )叶(yè )适(shì )《华(huá )文(wén )阁(gé )待(dài )制(zhì )知(zhī )庐(lú )州(zhōu )钱(qián )公(gōng )墓(mù )志(zhì )铭(míng )》：“于(yú )是(shì )上(shàng )令(lìng )教(jiāo )两(liǎng )淮(huái )民(mín )兵(bīng )万(wàn )弩(nǔ )手(shǒu )，而(ér )公(gōng )选(xuǎn )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )七(qī )千(qiān )八(bā )十(shí )九(jiǔ )人(rén )，参(cān )之(zhī )军(jūn )制(zhì )，束(shù )以(yǐ )队(duì )伍(wǔ )，别(bié )以(yǐ )事(shì )艺(yì )，严(yán )以(yǐ )训(xùn )练(liàn )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )宗(zōng )羲(xī )《明(míng )夷(yí )待(dài )访(fǎng )录(lù )·兵(bīng )制(zhì )一(yī )》：“金(jīn )陵(líng )人(rén )口(kǒu )一(yī )千(qiān )五(wǔ )十(shí )万(wàn )二(èr )千(qiān )六(liù )百(bǎi )五(wǔ )十(shí )一(yī )，则(zé )得(dé )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )二(èr )十(shí )一(yī )万(wàn )五(wǔ )百(bǎi )。”

II

1.打(dǎ )胜(shèng )仗(zhàng )的(de )部(bù )队(duì )。

《孙(sūn )子(zǐ )·形(xíng )》：“是(shì )故(gù )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )先(xiān )胜(shèng )而(ér )后(hòu )求(qiú )战(zhàn )，败(bài )兵(bīng )先(xiān )战(zhàn )而(ér )后(hòu )求(qiú )胜(shèng )。”

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·魏(wèi )志(zhì )·贾(jiǎ )诩(xǔ )传(chuán )》：“﹝张(zhāng )绣(xiù )﹞问(wèn )诩(xǔ )曰(yuē )：‘绣(xiù )以(yǐ )精(jīng )兵(bīng )追(zhuī )退(tuì )军(jūn )，而(ér )公(gōng )曰(yuē )必(bì )败(bài )；退(tuì )以(yǐ )败(bài )卒(zú )击(jī )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )，而(ér )公(gōng )曰(yuē )必(bì )剋(kè )。悉(xī )如(rú )公(gōng )言(yán )，何(hé )其(qí )反(fǎn )而(ér )皆(jiē )验(yàn )也(yě )？’”

2.犹(yóu )精(jīng )兵(bīng )。

《战(zhàn )国(guó )策(cè )·魏(wèi )策(cè )三(sān )》：“臣(chén )闻(wén )魏(wèi )氏(shì )悉(xī )其(qí )百(bǎi )县(xiàn )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )，以(yǐ )止(zhǐ )戍(shù )大(dà )梁(liáng )，臣(chén )以(yǐ )为(wéi )不(bú )下(xià )三(sān )十(shí )万(wàn )。”

《旧(jiù )唐(táng )书(shū )·太(tài )宗(zōng )纪(jì )上(shàng )》：“师(shī )次(cì )于(yú )泾(jīng )阳(yáng )，胜(shèng )兵(bīng )九(jiǔ )万(wàn )，破(pò )胡(hú )贼(zéi )刘(liú )鹞(yào )子(zǐ )，并(bìng )其(qí )众(zhòng )。”

宋(sòng )王(wáng )安(ān )石(shí )《送(sòng )程(chéng )公(gōng )辟(pì )之(zhī )豫(yù )章(zhāng )》诗(shī )：“地(dì )灵(líng )人(rén )秀(xiù )古(gǔ )所(suǒ )臧(zāng )，胜(shèng )兵(bīng )可(kě )使(shǐ )酒(jiǔ )可(kě )尝(cháng )。”

清(qīng )侯(hóu )方(fāng )域(yù )《南(nán )省(shěng )试(shì )策(cè )四(sì )》：“夫(fū )我(wǒ )之(zhī )边(biān )且(qiě )延(yán )袤(mào )以(yǐ )千(qiān )里(lǐ )计(jì )，守(shǒu )东(dōng )而(ér )西(xī )溃(kuì )，守(shǒu )西(xī )而(ér )东(dōng )溃(kuì )，五(wǔ )里(lǐ )置(zhì )堠(hòu )，十(shí )里(lǐ )传(chuán )烽(fēng )，积(jī )而(ér )一(yī )路(lù )一(yī )将(jiāng )，即(jí )使(shǐ )胜(shèng )兵(bīng )满(mǎn )千(qiān )，而(ér )彼(bǐ )飘(piāo )忽(hū )腾(téng )捷(jié )，立(lì )以(yǐ )十(shí )倍(bèi )来(lái )，不(bú )可(kě )支(zhī )矣(yǐ )。”

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●胜兵（简体版）