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1.指(zhǐ )同(tóng )祖(zǔ )的(de )兄(xiōng )弟(dì )。

2.同(tóng )一(yī )姓(xìng )。亦(yì )指(zhǐ )同(tóng )姓(xìng )之(zhī )人(rén )。

《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·秋(qiū )官(guān )·司(sī )仪(yí )》：“土(tǔ )揖(yī )庶(shù )姓(xìng )，时(shí )揖(yī )异(yì )姓(xìng )，天(tiān )揖(yī )同(tóng )姓(xìng )。”

《国(guó )语(yǔ )·晋(jìn )语(yǔ )四(sì )》：“黄(huáng )帝(dì )之(zhī )子(zǐ )二(èr )十(shí )五(wǔ )人(rén )，其(qí )同(tóng )姓(xìng )者(zhě )二(èr )人(rén )而(ér )已(yǐ )：唯(wéi )青(qīng )阳(yáng )与(yǔ )夷(yí )鼓(gǔ )皆(jiē )为(wéi )己(jǐ )姓(xìng )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·高(gāo )五(wǔ )王(wáng )传(chuán )赞(zàn )》：“以(yǐ )海(hǎi )内(nèi )初(chū )定(dìng )，子(zǐ )弟(dì )少(shǎo )，激(jī )秦(qín )孤(gū )立(lì )亡(wáng )藩(fān )辅(fǔ )，故(gù )大(dà )封(fēng )同(tóng )姓(xìng )，以(yǐ )填(tián )天(tiān )下(xià )。”

宋(sòng )曾(céng )巩(gǒng )《公(gōng )族(zú )议(yì )》：“先(xiān )王(wáng )推(tuī )是(shì )心(xīn )以(yǐ )及(jí )于(yú )同(tóng )姓(xìng )之(zhī )间(jiān )，故(gù )有(yǒu )土(tǔ )分(fèn )之(zhī )，有(yǒu )民(mín )分(fèn )之(zhī )，有(yǒu )宝(bǎo )玉(yù )分(fèn )之(zhī )，有(yǒu )宝(bǎo )器(qì )分(fèn )之(zhī )。”

清(qīng )严(yán )有(yǒu )禧(xǐ )《漱(shù )华(huá )随(suí )笔(bǐ )·诋(dǐ )毁(huǐ )程(chéng )朱(zhū )》：“御(yù )史(shǐ )谢(xiè )济(jì )世(shì )注(zhù )‘四(sì )书(shū )’，多(duō )与(yǔ )考(kǎo )亭(tíng )不(bú )合(hé )，且(qiě )诋(dǐ )毁(huǐ )考(kǎo )亭(tíng )云(yún )：明(míng )太(tài )祖(zǔ )与(yǔ )之(zhī )同(tóng )姓(xìng )，故(gù )开(kāi )国(guó )时(shí )令(lìng )天(tiān )下(xià )遵(zūn )用(yòng )其(qí )注(zhù )。”

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●同姓（简体版）