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1.孤(gū )陋(lòu )的(de )人(rén )。常(cháng )用(yòng )为(wéi )自(zì )谦(qiān )之(zhī )词(cí )。

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·周(zhōu )荣(róng )传(chuán )》：“荣(róng )曰(yuē )：‘荣(róng )江(jiāng )淮(huái )孤(gū )生(shēng )……今(jīn )复(fù )得(dé )备(bèi )宰(zǎi )士(shì )，纵(zòng )为(wéi )窦(dòu )氏(shì )所(suǒ )害(hài )，诚(chéng )所(suǒ )甘(gān )心(xīn )。’”

《新(xīn )唐(táng )书(shū )·王(wáng )缙(jìn )传(chuán )》：“尹(yǐn )（京(jīng )兆(zhào )尹(yǐn )黎(lí )干(gàn )），南(nán )方(fāng )之(zhī )孤(gū )生(shēng )，安(ān )晓(xiǎo )朝(cháo )庭(tíng )事(shì )？”宋(sòng )范(fàn )仲(zhòng )淹(yān )《与(yǔ )韩(hán )魏(wèi )公(gōng )书(shū )》：“前(qián )时(shí )宠(chǒng )示(shì )第(dì )三(sān )文(wén )字(zì )，极(jí )切(qiē )当(dāng )，颇(pō )为(wéi )孤(gū )生(shēng )之(zhī )助(zhù )。”

清(qīng )姚(yáo )莹(yíng )《朝(cháo )议(yì )大(dà )夫(fū )从(cóng )祖(zǔ )惜(xī )抱(bào )先(xiān )生(shēng )行(háng )状(zhuàng )》：“世(shì )之(zhī )孤(gū )生(shēng )，徒(tú )抱(bào )俗(sú )儒(rú )讲(jiǎng )说(shuō )，举(jǔ )唐(táng )宋(sòng )以(yǐ )来(lái )传(chuán )注(zhù )，屏(píng )弃(qì )不(bú )观(guān )。”

2.孤(gū )独(dú )的(de )人(rén )。

唐(táng )王(wáng )维(wéi )《酬(chóu )诸(zhū )公(gōng )见(jiàn )过(guò )》诗(shī )：“嗟(jiē )余(yú )未(wèi )丧(sàng )，哀(āi )此(cǐ )孤(gū )生(shēng )。”

唐(táng )柳(liǔ )宗(zōng )元(yuán )《南(nán )涧(jiàn )中(zhōng )题(tí )》诗(shī )：“孤(gū )生(shēng )易(yì )为(wéi )感(gǎn )，失(shī )路(lù )少(shǎo )所(suǒ )宜(yí )。”

清(qīng )顾(gù )炎(yán )武(wǔ )《七(qī )十(shí )二(èr )弟(dì )人(rén )》诗(shī )：“乱(luàn )国(guó )谁(shuí )知(zhī )尔(ěr )，孤(gū )生(shēng )且(qiě )辟(pì )人(rén )。”

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●孤生（简体版）